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William A. Smith, DD. President of Randolph-Macon College , and Professor of Moral and Intellectual Philosophy., Lectures on the Philosophy and Practice of Slavery as exhibited in the Institution of Domestic Slavery in the United States: withe Duties of Masters to Slaves., Lecture VII: the institution of domestic slavery. (search)
may be considered as permanently established, makes a period of some hundred and fifty years. Among the eminent personages who appeared in Great Britain during this period, and did not fail to impress their genius and moral character upon the age in which they lived, we may mention, James I., Cromwell, and William III., Burnet, Tillotson, Barrow, South, with Bunyan and Milton; and also Newton and Locke. In the colonies, during this time, there lived Cotton Mather, Brainerd, Eliot, and Roger Williams; Winthrop, Sir it. Vane, and Samuel Adams, with Henry, Washington, and Franklin. These great men, and some of them eminently good men, stood connected with a numerous class of highly influential men, though inferior in position, and all together may be regarded as embodying and controlling public opinion in their day. Some of them were preeminently distinguished for their patriotic devotion to the rights of humanity. Many others were men of wide views on all subjects, and of broad an
Benjamnin F. Butler, Butler's Book: Autobiography and Personal Reminiscences of Major-General Benjamin Butler, Chapter 1: lineage and education. (search)
thin their boundaries who did not worship God precisely as the owners of the soil and founders of the colony determined. Our Puritan fathers had by no means taken exclusive possession of the best part of the United States, but they certainly had a right to control that part which they had taken, and anybody who did not choose to conform to their religious views could move on. Therefore they had the Episcopalians take the back seat in the meeting-house with the negroes, and they banished Roger Williams. He was of the most prayerful life and conversation, and his followers, in their belief, differed from the Puritans on little else than the question, whether the use of any considerable water was necessary fully to convert a confessed sinner into a Christian, and constitute him a member of the Church of God. The Anabaptists were also banished, and Quakers were prohibited from coming in under a penalty of one hundred pounds, which the person who brought them must pay, and carry them bac
Rebellion Record: a Diary of American Events: Poetry and Incidents., Volume 1. (ed. Frank Moore), chapter 175 (search)
Weston & Williams, co-partners who sell Northern shoes in Richmond, in the United States Territory of Virginia--two men who came to Haverhill, Mass., probably about four months ago — swindled the shoemakers of that town out of valuable property, 0. $---- For value received, we promise to pay to the order of------& Co.----dollars in four months from date. Weston & Williams. The notes maturing, do Messrs. Weston & Williams pay up? Yes; they coolly cancel their liabilities by sending theiWilliams pay up? Yes; they coolly cancel their liabilities by sending their unfortunate creditors the following charming letter: Richmond, Va., April 13, 1861. Messrs.----, Haverhill, Mass.: Owing to the declaration of war against our beloved South, and the necessity of our arming and fighting, instead of pursuinging any of our own debts due to parties in the North, where they have drawn the sword against us. Hence the protest of our note in your favor this day, which we have the funds in bank to meet. Very truly yours, Weston & Williams. --N. Y. Tribune
Rebellion Record: a Diary of American Events: Poetry and Incidents., Volume 1. (ed. Frank Moore), chapter 272 (search)
altimore on the anniversary of the battle of Lexington, before a single regiment of New York had crossed the border between the slave and the free States. Soldiers of Massachusetts have made their way to Havre de Grace, seized a steamboat, reached Annapolis, and taken a position by which they could keep open a road to Washington, before a single troop of New York soldiers had found a passage into the enemy's country. Troops from Massachusetts and Rhode Island have been sent by sea, and were thrown into Fort Monroe, commanding Norfolk, while the authorities at Albany were debating upon the proper official steps to be taken in regard to the President's Proclamation. God save the Commonwealth of Massachusetts! --the State that compromise was to leave out of the new Confederacy I and blessings be upon the State of Roger Williams, so confidently calculated on as the first of the Northern States that would avow its allegiance to the piratical Government of Jeff. Davis!--The Independent.
HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF MEDFORD, Middlesex County, Massachusetts, FROM ITS FIRST SETTLEMENT, IN 1630, TO THE PRESENT TIME, 1855. (ed. Charles Brooks), Chapter 11: currency. (search)
ries. In ancient times, in Italy and Greece, the standard was cattle, sometimes leather; in Europe, a silver nail, iron bars, tin plates; in India, shells; in Africa, bricks and beads; in Mexico, maize and cocoa; in the West Indies, sugar; in Newfoundland, dried cod; in Virginia, tobacco; and, among the Indians, wampum. In this last article, and in peltry, our ancestors traded much with the aboriginal inhabitants. Wampum was a belt formed of shells, black and white. The white, says Roger Williams, were made of the stock, or stem, of the periwinkle, when all the shell is broken off; and, of this sort, six of their small beads, which they make with holes to string their bracelets, are current with the English for a penny. The second is black, inclining to blue, which is made of the shell of a fish, which some English call hens-poquahock; and, of this sort, three make an English penny. One fathom of this, their stringed money, is worth five shillings. To show how this shell-cur
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Annapolis, (search)
Annapolis, City. county seat of Anne Arundel county, and capital of the State of Maryland: on the Severn River, 20 miles south by east of Baltimore: is the seat of the United States Naval Academy and of St. John's College; population in 1890, 7,604; 1900, 8,402. Puritan refugees from Massachusetts, led by Durand, a ruling elder, settled on the site of Annapolis in 1649, and, in imitation of Roger Williams, called the place Providence. The next year a commissioner of Lord Baltimore organized there the county of Anne Arundel, so named in compliment to Lady Baltimore, and Providence was called Anne Arundel Town. A few years later it again bore the name of Providence, and became the seat of Protestant influence and of a Protestant government, disputing the legislative authority with the Roman Catholic government at the ancient capital, St. Mary's. In 1694 the latter was abandoned as the capital of the province, and the seat of government was established on the Severn. The village
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Antietam, battle of. (search)
loss,, beyond a line of woods. It was at this time, when Hooker advanced, that Jackson was reinforced. The Confederates swarmed out of the works and fell heavily upon Meade, when Hooker called upon Doubleday for help. A brigade under General Hartsuff pressed forward against a heavy storm of missiles, and its leader was severely wounded. Meanwhile Mansfield's corps had been ordered up, and before it became engaged the veteran leader was mortally wounded. The command then devolved on General Williams, who left his division in the care of General Crawford, and the latter seized a piece of woods near by. Hooker had lost heavily; Doubleday's guns had silenced a Confederate battery; Ricketts was struggling against constantly increasing numbers on his front; and the National line began to waver, when Hooker, in the van, was wounded and taken from the field. Sumner sent Sedgwick to the support of Crawford, and Gordon and Richardson and French bore down upon the Confederates more to the l
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Averasboro, battle of. (search)
adversary. He sent Slocum with four divisions of the left wing, preceded by cavalry, towards Averasboro and the main road to Raleigh; while two divisions of that wing, with the train, took the direct road to Goldsboro. Howard moved with four divisions on the right, ready to assist the left if necessary. It was a terrible march over quagmire roads, made so by incessant rain. They had to be corduroyed continually. Slocum found Hardee intrenched near Averasboro with about 20,000 men. General Williams, with the 20th Corps, took the lead in making an attack, and very soon he broke the Confederate left wing into fragments and drove it back upon a second and stronger line. Ward's division pushed the fugitives and captured three guns and 217 men; and the Confederates left 108 of their dead on the field. Kilpatrick was just securing a footing on the road to Bentonville when he was furiously attacked by McLaw's division, and, after a hard fight, was pushed back. Then the whole of Slocum
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Baptist Church, (search)
century, they stood alone in the advocacy of soul-liberty. There were none in America when Roger Williams founded Providence. Before he left England he had been under the teachings of Baptists ther to be administrators of the rite. Cast out from the Congregational churches in Massachusetts, Williams conceived the idea of forming a Baptist Church in his new home in Providence, after the manner Holland, but in a more simple form. In March, 1639, Ezekiel Holliman, a layman, first baptized Williams, and then Williams baptized Holliman and some ten more. These men then formed a Baptist ChurcWilliams baptized Holliman and some ten more. These men then formed a Baptist Church there. But Williams did not remain a Baptist long. He very early doubted the validity of Holliman's baptism, and consequently of his own. He believed a visible succession of authorized administratWilliams did not remain a Baptist long. He very early doubted the validity of Holliman's baptism, and consequently of his own. He believed a visible succession of authorized administrators of baptism to be necessary to insure its validity, and in the course of two months he withdrew from the Church, and never rejoined it. But the Church and its principles remained, and the colony em
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Bemis's Heights, battles of. (search)
k to their lines, when a sharp fight ensued. By this time the whole British line was in battle order, the grenadiers under Major Acland, with artillery under Major Williams, forming the left; the centre composed of British and grenadiers under Philips and Riedesel, and the right of infantry under Earl Balcarras. General Fraser, wwas astonished by the thunder of cannon on his left, and the crack of rifles on his right. Poor had pressed up the thick-wooded slope on which Majors Acland and Williams were posted, unobserved, until he was near the batteries, which were captured after a desperate struggle, in which the leader of the British grenadiers was severely wounded, and Major Williams, of the artillery, was made prisoner. Five times one of the cannon was taken and retaken. When the British fell back, and the gun remained with the Americans, Colonel Cilley leaped upon it, waved his sword over his head, dedicated the piece to the American cause, and, turning it upon the foe, he o
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