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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Cincinnati, Society of the (search)
e members' certificate is eighteen and a half inches in breadth and twenty inches in length. The general Society of the Cincinnati is still in existence, and also State societies. The president-general from 1854 till his death in 1893 was Hamilton Fish, son of Col. Nicholas Fish, one of the original members. In 1900 William Wayne, of Pennsylvania, held the office. The order worn by the president-general at the meetings of the society is a beautifully jewelled one. It was presented to Washington by the French officers. The society met with much jealous opposition from the earnest republicans of the day. Among the most Order of the Cincinnati. powerful of these opponents was Judge Aedanus Burke, of Charleston, S. C., who, in an able dissertation, undertook to prove that the society created two distinct orders among the Americans—first, a race of hereditary nobles founded on the military, together with the most influen- Society of the Cincinnati—Member's certificate. tial fami
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Colonization Society, American (search)
ing at Washington, and the first officers were chosen Jan. 1, 1817. All reference to emancipation, present or future, was specially disclaimed by the society, and in the course of the current session of Congress, Henry Clay, John Randolph, Bushrod Washington, and other slave-holders took a leading part in the formation of the society. In March, 1819, Congress appropriated $100,000 for the purpose of sending back to Africa such slaves as should be surreptitiously imported. Provision was made foundation to 1875 was, in round numbers, $2,400,000, and those of the auxiliary societies a little more than $400,000. The whole number of emigrants that had been sent out to that date by the parent society was nearly 14,000, and the Maryland society had sent about 1,250; also 5,722 Africans recaptured by the United States government had been returned. The society had five presidents —namely, Bushrod Washington, Charles Carroll, James Madison, Henry Clay, and J. H. B. Latrobe—all slave-hold
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Congress, National (search)
nt if the government itself will do its part only indifferently well. He alluded to the preponderance of Union sentiment among the people in the South, and stated the remarkable fact that, while large numbers of officers of the army and navy had proved themselves unfaithful, not one common soldier or sailor is known to have deserted his flag. . . . This is the patriotic instinct of plain people. They understand, without an argument, that the destroying of the government which was made by Washington means no good to them. The President assured the people that the sole object of the exercise of war-power should be the maintenance of the national authority and the salvation of the life of the republic. After expressing a hope that the views of Congress were coincident with his own, the President said, Having chosen our course without guile and with pure motives, let us renew our trust in God and go forward without fear and with manly hearts. There were important reports from the depa
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Constitution of the United States (search)
ing of 1783 Hamilton, in Congress, expressed an earnest desire for such a convention. Pelatiah Webster and Thomas Paine wrote in favor of it the same year, and in 1784 Noah Webster wrote a pamphlet on the subject which he carried in person to General Washington. In that pamphlet Webster proposed a new system of government which should act, not on the States, but directly on individuals, and vest in Congress full power to carry its laws into effect. The plan deeply impressed the mind of Washington. Events in North Carolina and Massachusetts made many leading men anxious about the future. They saw the weakness of the existing form of government. In the autumn of 1785 Washington, in a letter to James Warren, deplored that weakness, and the illiberality, jealousy, and local policy of the States, that was likely to sink the new nation in the eyes of Europe into contempt. Finally, after many grave discussions at Mount Vernon, Washington, acting upon the suggestions of Hamilton made
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Lafayette, Marie Jean Paul Roch Yves Gilbert Motier, Marquis de 1757- (search)
's favorite nephew, and the family of Judge Bushrod Washington, who was then absent on official busible manoeuvres at Trenton and Princeton, General Washington had remained in his camp at Middlebrook.ble to withstand so many various blows, General Washington, leaving Putnam on the North River, crosared before the capes of the Delaware, General Washington came to Philadelphia, and M. de Lafayetttillery. We must feel embarrassed, said General Washington, on his arrival, to exhibit ourselves bectacle to the eyes of all the citizens. General Washington was marching at their head, and M. de La time was lost in a mutual cannonading. General Washington walked along his two lines, and was recevred along the banks of the Schuylkill. General Washington still remained on a height above the eneenerals were often themselves deceived. General Washington never placed unlimited confidence in anyon condition of remaining subordinate to General Washington, of being but considered as an officer d[6 more...]
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Supreme Court, United States (search)
, South Carolina1789-91217391800 William Cushing, Massachusetts1789-18102117331810 James Wilson, Pennsylvania1789-98917421798 John Blair, Virginia1789-96717321800 Robert H. Harrison, Maryland1789-90117451790 James Iredell, North Carolina1790-99917511799 Thomas Johnson, Maryland1791-93217321819 William Paterson, New Jersey1793-18061317451806 John Rutledge, South Carolina1795-95..17391800 Samuel Chase, Maryland1796-18111517411811 Oliver Ellsworth, Connecticut1796-1800417451807 Bushrod Washington, Virginia1798-18293117621829 Alfred Moore, North Carolina1799-1804517551810 John Marshall, Virginia1801-353417551835 William Johnson, South Carolina1804-343017711834 Brockholst Livingston, New York1806-231717571823 Thomas Todd, Kentucky1807-261917651826 Joseph Story, Massachusetts1811-453417791845 Gabriel Duval, Maryland1811-362517521844 Smith Thompson, New York1823-432017671843 Robert Trimble, Kentucky1826-28217771828 John McLean, Ohio1829-613217851861 Henry Baldwin, Pennsy
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Talbot, Silas 1751-1813 (search)
Talbot, Silas 1751-1813 Naval officer; born in Dighton, Mass., in 1751; was captain in a Rhode Island regiment at the siege of Boston; accompanied the American army to New York; and, for skilful operations with fire-rafts against the British shipping there, received from Congress the commission of major. In the summer of Silas Talbot. 1776 he accepted the command of a firebrig on the Hudson. By orders of Washington, after gaining Harlem Heights (Sept. 15), Talbot attempted the destruction of the British vessels of war lying off the present 124th Street, New York City. At 2 A. M. on the 16th, when it was dark and cloudy, Talbot left his hidingplace under the Palisades, 3 or 4 miles above Fort Lee, ran down the river with a fair wind, and, grappling the Romney, set his brig on fire. The crew of the brig escaped in a boat, and the Romney soon freed herself without injury. The other war-vessels fled out of the harbor in alarm. Talbot received a severe wound in the defence of
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Tammany Society, or Columbian order (search)
Tammany Society, or Columbian order A political organization formed chiefly through the exertions of William Mooney, an upholsterer in the city of New York, at the beginning of the administration of President Washington. Its first meeting was held on May 13, 1789. The society took its name from St. Tammany. The officers of the society consisted of a grand sachem and thirteen inferior sachems, representing the President and the governors of the thirteen States. Besides these there was a ncil, of which the sachems were members. It was a Tammany Hall. very popular society and patriotic in its influence. Its membership included most of the best men of New York City. No party politics were tolerated in its meetings. But when Washington denounced self-constituted societies, in consequence of the violent resistance to law made by the secret Democratic societies, at the time of the Whiskey insurrection (q. v.), nearly all the members left it, believing their society to be includ
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Tariff. (search)
presentatives of the First Congress, by James Madison, April 8, 1789. From this dates tariff legislation in the United States. Chronology, Congress passes first tariff act, to continue in force until June, 1796, combining specific duties on some articles and ad valorem on others, equivalent to an 8 1/2 per cent. ad volorem rate, with drawback, except 1 per cent. of duties, on all articles exported within twelve months, except distilled spirits other than brandy and geneva, signed by Washington......July 4, 1789 Act of Congress passed to regulate the collection of duties. Each collection district to lie within a State. Providing for collectors, deputy collectors, naval officers, surveyors, weighers, measurers, gaugers, and inspectors. Ad valorem duties to be estimated by adding 20 per cent. to the actual cost thereof if imported from the Cape of Good Hope or any place beyond, and 10 per cent. if from any other country. Duties to be paid in cash if under $50; if over, mig
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Tiebout, Cornelius 1777-1830 (search)
Tiebout, Cornelius 1777-1830 Engraver; born in New York in 1777; was apprenticed to a silversmith; studied art in London in 1795-97; settled in Philadelphia, Pa., where he engraved portraits of Washington, Gen. Horatio Gates, John Jay, Thomas Jefferson, and Bishop White. Later he removed to Kentucky, where he died in 1830.
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