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ming, the com- Chap. XLII.} 1775. July. mander in chief took the hearts of all about him, and of all New England; though he himself was unused to the ways of its people, whose character he never could thoroughly understand. The provincial congress at Watertown welcomed him in a cordial address. From Philadelphia, Hancock expressed the wish to serve under him; Greene and the Rhode Island officers received him with words of affectionate confidence. Now be strong and very courageous, wrote Trumbull, the governor of Connecticut; may the God of the armies of Israel give you wisdom and fortitude, cover your head in the day of battle, and danger; and convince our enemies that all their attempts to deprive these colonies of their rights and liberties are vain. To Trumbull Washington made answer: The cause of our common country calls us both to an active and dangerous duty; divine providence, which wisely orders the affairs of men, will enable us to discharge it with fidelity and success.
by balls and shells. By the English account, the destruction was still greater. At the opening of a severe winter, the inhabitants were turned adrift in poverty and misery. The wrath of Washington was justly kindled, as he heard of these savage cruelties, this new exertion of despotic barbarity. Death and destruction mark the footsteps of the enemy, said Greene; fight or be slaves is the American motto; and the first is by far the most eligible. Sullivan was sent to fortify Portsmouth; Trumbull, of Connecticut, took thought for the defence of New London. Meantime, the congress at Philadelphia was still Chap. XLVII.} 1775. Oct. halting in the sluggishness of irresolution; and, so long as there remained the dimmest hope of favor to its petition, the lukewarm patriots had the advantage. No court as yet had power to sanction the condemnation of vessels taken from the enemy. On the third of October, one of the delegates of Rhode Island laid before Congress their instructions to u
rd, one of their chaplains, preached to them on the duty of courage and subordination; nevertheless many of the Connecticut gentry made the best of their way to their own firesides; some with their arms and ammunition. Washington would have had Trumbull make an example of the deserters. Trumbull answered: The pulse of a New England man beats high for liberty; his engagement in the service he thinks purely voluntary; when the time of enlistment is out, he thinks himself not further holden: thisTrumbull answered: The pulse of a New England man beats high for liberty; his engagement in the service he thinks purely voluntary; when the time of enlistment is out, he thinks himself not further holden: this is the genius and spirit of our people. But the inhabitants along their homeward road expressed abhorrence at their quitting the army, and would scarcely furnish them with provisions; and the rebuke they met with in their towns, drove many of them back to the camp. Others in Connecticut volunteered to take the places of those who withdrew; but Washington had, through the colonial governments, already called out three thousand men from the militia of Massachusetts, and two thousand from New Ha
oyage was made in leaky boats which had no awnings; so that the sick lay drenched in water and exposed to the sun. Their only food was raw pork, and hard bread or unbaked flour. A physician, who was an eye-witness said: At the sight of so much privation and distress, I wept till I had no more power to weep. When, early in July, all the July. fragments of the army of Canada had reached Crown Point, the scene of distress produced a momentary despair. Every thing about them, their clothes, their blankets, the air, the very ground they trod on, was infected with the pestilence. I did not look into a tent or a hut, says Trumbull, in which I did not find either a dead or dying man. Of about five thousand men, housed under tents, or rudely built sheds, or huts of brush, exposed to the damp air of the night, full half were invalids; more than thirty new graves were made every day. In a little more than two months the northern army lost by desertion and death more than five thousand men.
be union; for congress had lodged the highest power in the northern and southern departments in the hands of Washington, and France had magnanimously placed her troops as auxiliaries under his command. Before his return, the American general called upon the governors of the four New England states, in earnest and pointed terms, to complete their continental battalions, to hold bodies of militia ready to march in a week after being called for, and to adopt effective modes of supply. Governor Trumbull, of Connecticut, cheered him with the opinion that he would obtain all that he needed. In June, the French contingent, increased by fifteen hundred men, newly arrived in ships of war, left Newport for the Hudson river. The inhabitants crowded around them on their march, glad to recognise in them allies and defenders, and, mingling at their encampments with officers and soldiers, listened with delight to the bands of their regiments. The rights of private property were most scrupul
Medford Historical Society Papers, Volume 8., New Hampshire soldiers in Medford. (search)
ho was friend of Lafayette and Washington and governor of this Commonwealth. We are justly proud of him for the dignity of his character and his three-fold able service along military, civic and medical lines. You may see his face portrayed in Trumbull's picture of the surrender of Burgoyne in the rotunda of the Capitol at Washington. Colonel Stark in a letter to Matthew Thornton, who was president of a Provincial Convention at Exeter, New Hampshire, addressed a letter to him there, two daymuel McClintock, Colonels James Reed and Enoch Poor were all Massachusetts born, adopted citizens of your state. The former was born in this very town, an army chaplain, present at the battle of Bunker Hill, whose face may be seen in another of Trumbull's pictures, that magnificent one that so stirs you with its power, The Battle of Bunker Hill. He appears there as the clergyman in bands. The military service of Reed and Poor you know too well for us to tell you. To the latter the S. A. R. of
Medford Historical Society Papers, Volume 14., The ancient name Menotomy and the river of that name. (search)
The weir granted to Winthrop and Cradock in 1634, was at the outlet of Mystic lake, where High street, Medford, crosses Mystic river at what is known as Weir bridge. Cutter says, The Mystic River, of which the ancient Menotomy River is a branch, has its source in Mystic Pond, which was shown on Wood's map of Mass., 1633. The names of Mystic and Menotomy rivers are apparently aboriginal designations, and like all Indian names probably describe the locality to which they were affixed. Trumbull gives the origin of the name Mystic (anciently written Mistick,) as applied to the Medford river, thus: Tuk in Indian, denotes a river whose waters are driven in waves by the tide or winds. With the adjectival missi, great it forms missi-tuk, now written Mystic—the name of the great river of Boston Bay. The origin of the name Menotomy yet awaits explanation. The spellings of the word have been various. Newtowne soon took advantage of the privilege granted by the General Court, a
eadford. And again Winthrop tells— The Governor and others went over Mistic River at Medford two or three miles among the rocks to a very great pond which they called Spot Pond. In these three instances, the earliest known, the river is called by name, the name the aboriginal dwellers gave it, Missi-tuk, abbreviated and modified a little to suit the English lips. The Indian name of the Charles river was Quinobequin, the adjective quin meaning long, and certainly appropriate. Trumbull gives the origin of Mistick thus— Tuk in Indian denotes a river whose waters are driven in waves by the tides or winds. With the adjective missi, great, it forms Missi-tuk, the name of the great river of Boston Bay. Even a cursory glance at the early maps, and especially at one of latest survey on which the ancient lines are drawn, Cambridge Historical Society Publication VII. will show the fitness of the aboriginal names, for of the two rivers the salvages told the Pilgrim scou
Speech from Mr. Lincoln. Springfield, Ill, Nov. 21.--A Republican jubilee took place here last night. Mr. Lincoln was persuaded, and made a speech. He thanked his friends for the honor conferred on him, and rejoiced with them in the success of their cause. He said, "In our rejoicing, let us neither express nor cherish harsh feelings towards those differing with us. Let us at all times remember that all Americans are brothers of a common country, and should dwell together in bonds of fraternal feeling."He excused himself from further speaking, after repeating his thanks. Senator Trumbull, of Illinois, followed him, and said that, though Mr. Lincoln was elected by the Republican party, yet as Chief Magistrate of the Republic, he will neither belong to that nor any other party. When inaugurated, he will be as ready to defend and protect the State in which he did not receive a solitary vote as that which gave him the largest majority.
Ruffin says that South Carolina will undoubtedly go out unless all her demands are complied with. The fear of secession is not nearly so strong to day. Senators Green and Breckinridge are at the National. Their rooms are in it of visitors tonight. Mr. Breckinridge takes hopefully, and counsels moderation, forbearance and compromise. Many gentlemen believe that early in the session, before the assembling of the South Carolina Convention, prominent Republicans, like Corwin, Sherman, Trumbull, Covode, and perhaps , will set forth the position of the Republican party and their policy satisfactorily, so that all troubles and danger to the Union will be at an end. A conservative compromise measure is being prepared here, which will cover the entire sectional issue in dispute. It agreed upon, it will leave no State a shadow of an excuse for seceding. It re-establishes the Missouri line, and extends it to the Pacific. Another correspondent, looking at the other side of t