England neighbors,—over far the largest part of our country Louis XIV.
claimed to be the sovereign; and the prelude to the overthrow of the European colonial system, which was sure to be also the overthrow of the mercantile system, was destined to be the mighty struggle for the central regions of our republic.
The first permanent efforts of French enterprise, in colonizing America, preceded any permanent English settlement north of the Potomac.
Years before the Pilgrims anchored within Cape Cod, the Roman church had been planted, by missionaries from France, in the eastern moiety of Maine; and Le Caron, an unambi-
1615, 1616. tious Franciscan, the companion of Champlain, had penetrated the land of the Mohawks, had passed to the north into the hunting-grounds of the Wyandots, and, bound by his vows to the life of a beggar, had, on foot, or paddling a bark canoe, gone onward and still on-
Sagard, Hist.
du Canada. ward, taking alms of the savages, till he reached the rivers of Lak
37.
New constitution, 42. Delaware forever separated from it, 44.
Few checks on popular power, 394 Its governor meets the Iroquois deputies, 455.
Military organization, 456 Peorias, III. 197.
Pepperell, William, III. 458.
Pequods, war with the, I 397, 400.
Peters, Hugh, arrives, I. 383.
His death, II. 32.
Philadelphia founded, II. 389,
Philip, King, II. 98.
Phipps, William, III. 83.
Pilgrims, their flight, I. 301.
At Leyden, 302.
Sail for America, 307.
Arrive at Cape Cod, 309.
Land at Plymouth, 313.
Their sufferings, 314.
Plymouth colony, royal commissioners in, II. 84.
Revolution in, 449.
United with Massachusetts, II. 81. See Pilgrims.
Pocahontas, I. 131, 146.
Poisson, Du, III. 361.
Pokanokets, II. 98; III. 238.
Port Royal founded, I. 26.
Its name changed to Annapolis, III. 218.
Portugal, voyages of, I. 14.
Slavery in, 166.
Its colonial system, III. 113.
Potawatomies, III. 242.
Poutrincourt's discoveries, I. 26.
Powhatan,
Africa, 403.
In America, 406.
Their numbers, 406.
Labors, 407.
Emancipation, 408.
Importation resisted by colonies, 410.
Insisted on by England, 411.
Slougnter in New York, III. 53.
Smith, John, I. 118.
On the James River, 125.
His early life, 127.
Engages in discoveries, 129.
Is taken prisoner, 130.
Explores the Chesapeake, 133.
Ascends the Potomac, 134.
Enforces industry, 135.
Returns to England, 138.
Volunteers his services in Virginia, 184.
Explores the coast from Cape Cod to the Penobscot, 269.
Smith, Thomas, III. 15.
Sokokis, II. 238.
Somers, III. 4.
Sothel, Seth, II. 161.
His administration, 163.
Soto, Ferdinand de, I. 41.
Sails for Florida, 42.
In Georgia, 46. Alabama, 48.
Discovers the Mississippi, 51.
In Arkansas and Missouri, 52.
Death, 56.
Spain. Her love of adventure, I. 30.
Discovers Florida, 32.
In the Gulf of Mexico, 35.
On the Mississippi, 51.
Her missions, 60.
Colonizes Florida, 66.
Extent of her American possession