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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Danish West Indies, (search)
Danish West Indies, A group of islands lying east by southeast of Porto Rico, and consisting of St. Croix, St. Thomas, and St. John. St. Croix is the largest, being about 20 miles long and 5 miles wide, with an area of 110 square miles. It is generally flat, well watered, and fertile. Two-fifths of the surface is in sugar plantations, and the principal crops are sugar, cotton, coffee, indigo, and rum. The climate is unhealthful at all seasons, and hurricanes and earthquakes occur frequently. The population is about 18,000. St. Thomas is about 17 miles long by 4 miles wide. Its surface is rugged and elevated, reaching its greatest height towards the centre. The soil is sandy, and mostly uncultivated. Charlotte Amalie, which is the principal town and the seat of government for the Danish West Indies, has an excellent harbor and large trade. The population of the island is about 14,000. St. John has an area of 42 square miles. The chief exports are cattle and bay-rum, and
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Hawks, Francis Lister 1798-1866 (search)
Hawks, Francis Lister 1798-1866 Clergyman; born in Newbern, N. C., June 10, 1798; graduated at the University of North Carolina in 1815; ordained in the Protestant Episcopal Church in 1827: was a noted preacher, and held pastorates in important churches, including St. Thomas's in New York City, of which he was rector in 1831-43. He was the author of Reports of cases adjudged in the Supreme Court of North Carolina; Contributions to the ecclesiastical history of the United States of America: vol. i., On the early Church in Virginia; vol. II., On the Church in Maryland; Commentary on the Constitution and canons of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States; History of North Carolina, etc. He was also editor of State papers of Gen. Alexander Hamilton; Perry's expedition to the China seas and Japan; vols. i. and II. of the Documentary history of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States (with Rev. William S. Perry), etc. He died in New York City, Sept. 26, 1
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Raleigh, Sir Walter 1552- (search)
o be beheaded. He was reprieved and imprisoned in the Tower thirteen years, during six of which his wife bore him company. During that period Raleigh wrote his History of the world. Released in 1615 (not pardoned), he was commanding admiral of the fleet, Raleigh enjoying his pipe (from an old print). and was sent by James with fourteen ships to Guiana in search of treasures. One of Raleigh's commanders was sent up the Orinoco with 250 men in boats, landed at the Spanish settlement of St. Thomas, and, in defiance of the peaceable instructions of the King, killed the governor and set fire to the town. Raleigh's eldest son was killed in the action. Unable either to advance or to maintain their position, they retreated in haste to the ships, a Spanish fleet, which had been informed of their movements, hovering near. The expedition was a failure, several of the ships were lost, and he returned in 1618 ruined in health and reputation. Disappointed in his avaricious desires, the i
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Santa Ana, Antonio Lopez de 1798- (search)
cally, and was soon confronted by a revolution led by General Alvarez. After a struggle of two years, he signed his unconditional abdication, and sailed for Cuba, Aug. 16, 1855. He afterwards spent two years in Venezuela, and thence went to St. Thomas. During the French military occupation of Mexico he appeared there and pledged himself to take no part in public affairs. But his passion for intrigue could not be repressed, and having issued a manifesto calculated to raise a disturbance in favor, General Bazaine ordered him to quit the country forever in May, 1864. Some time afterwards, the Emperor Maximilian made him grand-marshal of the empire; but in 1865, having been implicated in a conspiracy against the Emperor, he fled to St. Thomas. In 1867 he again made an attempt to gain ascendency in Mexico, but was taken prisoner at Vera Cruz and condemned to be shot. President Juarez pardoned him on condition of his quitting Mexico forever. He came to the United States. After the
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Somers, the (search)
den, and fitted to carry fourteen guns, but carrying ten, with a crew of officers, men, and boys of 120, under command of Alexander Slidell Mackenzie, cruising along the coast of Africa, left Liberia on Nov. 11, 1842, for the United States, via St. Thomas. On Nov. 25 Mackenzie received information through Lieutenant Gansevoort of a conspiracy on board to seize the brig and convert her into a pirate, etc. The leaders in this movement were reported to be Midshipman Philip Spencer, son of John C. l. Spencer was arrested on Nov. 27, and the other two on the 28th, and put in irons. These three were convicted by a court on board, and sentenced to be hanged at the yard-arm, the sentence being carried into effect on Dec. 1, 525 miles from St. Thomas. the Somers arrived at New York, Dec. 14, with several of the boys in confinement. A naval court of inquiry, convened on Dec. 28, consisting of Commodores Charles Stewart, Jacob Jones, Alexander J. Dallas, and Ogden Hoffman, judge advocate, s
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Spain, War with (search)
ledge of the condition of affairs existing prior to the campaign at Santiago. At about the same time an important reconnoissance was made by Lieutenant Whitney, U. S. A., through Porto Rico. He left the United States on May 5, and reached St. Thomas. There he shipped as a common sailor on board a British tramp steamer, and after many adventures and vicissitudes got himself put ashore on the island of Porto Rico. His risk was as great as an officer could take, for, being in disguise, undehe Yale, will arrive at his destination Sunday morning, with 3,000 men under his immediate command. On the 23d it was announced that General miles is now east of Cape Haytien, etc., and on the morning of the 24th appeared the following: St. Thomas, July 23. The Spaniards at San Juan de Porto Rico are making extensive preparations to resist an anticipated attack upon the part of the United States war-ships which are understood to be convoying the army of invasion commanded by General M
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Writs of assistance. (search)
Writs of assistance. An illicit trade with the neutral ports of St. Thomas and Eustatius, and with the French islands— under flags of truce to the latter, granted by colonial governors, nominally for an exchange of prisoners, but really as mere covers for commercial transactions—was carried on some time by the Northern colonies. Of this the English merchants complained, and Pitt issued strict orders for it to be stopped. It was too profitable to be easily suppressed. Francis Bernard, who was appointed governor of Massachusetts Aug. 4, 1760, attempted the strict enforcement of the laws against this trade. Strenuous opposition was aroused in Boston, and the custom-house officers there applied to the Superior Court to grant them writs of assistance, according to the English exchequer practice—that is, warrants to search, when and where they pleased, for smuggled goods, and to call in others to assist them. Thomas Hutchinson was the chief-justice, and favored the measure. The m<