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aped found their feet frozen when they reached camp. Colonel William S. Hawkins, of the Hawkins scouts, a leader in the scouting service of the rebel forces under General Bragg, was captured at the house of a Mr. Mayberry, on Lick Creek, Kentucky, by Sergeant Brewer, of Major Breathitt's battalion of Kentucky cavalry.--at Memphis, Tennessee, the thermometer stood at ten degrees below zero, and at Cairo, Illinois, at sixteen degrees below. A number of soldiers were frozen to death at Island No.10.--the Richmond Whig, in an article setting forth the condition of military and naval affairs at the South, concluded its remarks as follows: Thus we find we have an army poorly clad, scantily fed, indifferently equipped, badly mounted, with insufficient trains, and with barely enough ammunition. To remedy the evil, we are going to double, and if possible, quadruple the number of men and horses, take away every efficient master from the agricultural districts, and leave the laborers, on w
are flying to Portsmouth, burning bridges, and leaving every thing behind. We pursued them beyond Bernard's Mills. M. W. Ransom, Brig.-Gen. G. E. Pickett, Major-Gen. Forty of the Thirtieth Pennsylvania cavalry were captured by guerrillas about a mile and a half from Bristoe Station, Virginia. They were surrounded and compelled to surrender. Several of them afterward escaped. The steamer Hillman was attacked by a gang of guerrillas, stationed on the Missouri shore opposite Island No.18 in the Mississippi River, and several persons were killed and wounded. President Lincoln this afternoon formally presented to Major-General Grant his commission as Lieutenant-General. The ceremony took place in the Cabinet chamber in the presence of many distinguished personages. General Grant having entered the room, the President rose and addressed him thus: General Grant: The nation's appreciation of what you have done, and its reliance upon you for what there remains to do i
he present year, when General Grant, withdrawing his army from the interior, embarked and landed opposite Vicksburgh, making Young's Point his depot of supplies. The efforts of General Williams in the previous summer, the example of Pope at Island Number10, and the inviting appearance of the high water, gave rise to a series of extraordinary canalling projects. First, it was attempted to reopen the original ditch across Do Soto Point. Several weeks of fruitless labor were spent on it in vaino sheltered by the high bank that the hostile shells passed harmlessly over. These mortars, which proved to be of such signal service in the reduction of Forts Jackson and St. Philip, have proved far less effective at Vicksburgh, as also at Island Number10. Besides the mortars were two one hundred pounder Parrott guns, also mounted on rafts. These guns having an extreme range of three and a half miles, were enabled to direct shells with tolerable accuracy to any building within sight. O
ility and intellect he was a head and shoulders above any man in the Yankee army. He commended General Lee for keeping his own secrets, and told the people not to be discouraged because they did not hear from Lee over his own signature. He would come out all right in the end. Mr. Stephens next spoke of the surrender of Vicksburgh, and said that it was not an occurrence to cause discouragement or gloom; that the loss of Vicksburgh was not as severe a blow as the loss of Fort Pillow, Island Number10, or New-Orleans. The Confederacy had survived the loss of these points, and would survive the loss of Vicksburgh, Port Hudson, and other places. Suppose, said he, we were to lose Mobile, Charleston, and Richmond, it would not affect the heart of the Confederacy. We could and would survive such losses, and finally secure our independence. He was not at all discouraged at the prospect; he never had the blues himself, and had no respect or sympathy for croakers. The enemy has already
command of Rear-Admiral Porter, was also steadily increased until more than one hundred armed vessels were employed upon the river, including many iron-clad gunboats of great power. Part of the Gulf Squadron, under Admiral Farragut, gallantly running the batteries of Port Hudson, under a fierce fight, cooperated with the river fleets. Laborious and persevering attempts were made to open an artificial channel for the river opposite Vicksburgh, as had been done with such signal success at Island No.10. But the various canals, projected and executed, failed, and only a few small steamers, of no considerable power, were thus enabled to pass the city. Combined land and naval expeditions were also sent forth, which, with infinite pains and endurance, attempted to turn the enemy's works by navigating the various bayous and sluggish rivers, whose intricate network forms so singular a feature of the military topography of the banks of the Mississippi. All these attempts having failed from
Robert Underwood Johnson, Clarence Clough Buell, Battles and Leaders of the Civil War: Volume 2., Iuka and Corinth. (search)
rant would have done and risking all upon the hazard of a battle whose issue would have been uncertain, first fortified his position on the left bank of the Tennessee, and then began to strengthen his army by bringing to it all the available forces of his immense Department. Pope was recalled from before Fort Pillow, which he was preparing to attack, and reached the Tennessee with the Army of the Mississippi on the 21st of April. He came flushed with his victories at New Madrid and at Island No.10--the last of which Halleck pronounced a splendid achievement, exceeding in boldness and brilliancy all other operations of the war, and one that would be memorable in military history and admired by future generations. Halleck did not then know how weakly the place had been defended by the officer to whom Beauregard had intrusted its defense. Though the main body of the army with which Curtis had defeated Van Dorn at Elkhorn was still dragging itself slowly over the mountains, or flou
Robert Underwood Johnson, Clarence Clough Buell, Battles and Leaders of the Civil War. Volume 3., The assault on Chickasaw bluffs. (search)
The assault on Chickasaw bluffs. by George W. Morgan, Brigadier-General, U. S. V. President Lincoln early determined to obtain control of the Mississippi, in its entire length. In pursuance of his plan, Island Number10 in the north and Forts Jackson and St. Philip in the south had been captured, and New Orleans occupied by our troops in the spring of 1862; and in the fall of that year General McClernand was assigned to the command of a river expedition against Vicksburg. The day following the receipt of this order by Grant at Oxford, Mississippi, Sherman, who was then at Memphis, in telegraphic communication with Grant, commenced the embarkation of a column upon three grand flotillas, each bearing a division, to be joined by a fourth (Steele's) at Helena. In his Memoirs, Memoirs of General William T. Sherman. By himself. Vol. I., p. 285. (New York: D. Appleton & Co.) General Sherman says: The preparations at Memphis were necessarily hasty in the extreme, but it w
Robert Underwood Johnson, Clarence Clough Buell, Battles and Leaders of the Civil War. Volume 3., Naval operations in the Vicksburg campaign. (search)
ediately after the battle Davis had formed the project of sending a force up the Arkansas and White rivers to cut off the Confederate gun-boats which were supposed to have taken refuge there, among them the Van Dorn, the only vessel remaining of Montgomery's flotilla. Davis did not know that the Van Dorn had made her way into the Yazoo. There were, however, two Confederate gun-boats in White River, the Maurepas and Pontchartrain, which had previously been in the flotilla of Hollins at Island Number10--the former under Lieutenant Joseph Fry and the latter under Lieutenant John W. Dunnington. On the 10th Davis received a telegram from General Halleck urging him to open communication by way of Jacksonport with General Curtis, then moving through Arkansas toward the Mississippi. Davis accordingly altered his plan, and directed that the expedition should confine its operations to the White River. The force detached for the purpose was composed of the iron-clads Mound City and St. Lo
Benson J. Lossing, Pictorial Field Book of the Civil War. Volume 2., Chapter 2: civil and military operations in Missouri. (search)
th his, troops at New Madrid, at near the close of July. His first order issued there was on the 28th, prohibiting the sale of intoxicating liquors to his soldiers. He had suggested this movement into Missouri at an early period, as one of vast importance in his plans for seizing Bird's Point and Cairo. Whilst engaged in strongly fortifying Memphis, Randolph, and one or two other points on the Tennessee shore of the Mississippi, he earnestly recommended the occupation of New Madrid and Island No.10 by his troops, and the erection of strong fortifications there, for the twofold purpose of making New Madrid his base of operations against Bird's Point and Cairo, and of preventing armed vessels descending the river, it being evident early in June that preparations were being made for that purpose. At the middle of June he was ready to move forward, and only awaited a compliance of Governor Harris, with a requisition of Pillow for additional troops from Middle Tennessee. The threatenin
Benson J. Lossing, Pictorial Field Book of the Civil War. Volume 2., Chapter 3: military operations in Missouri and Kentucky. (search)
d of September, De Russey, Polk's aid-de-camp, telegraphed to the same officer, that the general-commanding determines, with troops now at Union City, to fall at once upon Columbus ; and directed Pillow to take his whole command immediately to Island No.10. This was done, and on the 4th Sept., 1861. Polk seized Hickman and Columbus, and commenced the erection of batteries on the bluff near the latter place. Columbus is in Hickman County, about twenty miles below the mouth of the Ohio River.s. Also the Twenty-second Illinois, Colonel H. Dougherty, and the Seventh; Iowa, Colonel Lauman. in four steam transports, convoyed by the wooden gunboats Tyier and Lexington, commanded respectively by Captains Walke and Stemble. They lay at Island No.1, eleven miles above Columbus, that night. There Grant received information that Polk was sending troops across to Belmont, to cut off Colonel Oglesby. At dawn the next morning, he pressed forward and landed his forces at Hunter's Point, on t