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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Dutch West India Company. (search)
Manhattan. The management of New Netherland was intrusted to the Amsterdam chamber. Their traffic was successful. In 1624 the exports from Amsterdam, in two ships, were worth almost $10,000, and the returns from New Netherland were considerably more. The company established a trading-post, called Fort Orange, on the site of Albany, and traffic was extended eastward to the Connecticut River, and even to Narraganset Bay; northward to the Mohawk Valley, and southward and westward to the Delaware River and beyond. To induce private capitalists to engage in the settlement of the country, the company gave lands and special privileges to such as would guarantee settlement and cultivation. These became troublesome landholders, and in 1638 the rights of the company, it was claimed, were interfered with by a settlement of Swedes on the Delaware. In 1640 the company established the doctrines and rituals of the Reformed Church in the United Provinces as the only theological formula to be al
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), May, Cornelius Jacobsen (search)
May, Cornelius Jacobsen Colonial governor; commanded the Dutch tradingvessel Fortune on a trading excursion to Manhattan in 1613. The next year he coasted along New England to Martha's Vineyard. In 1620 he was on the coasts and rivers southward of Manhattan, in the ship Glad Tidings, visited Chesapeake Bay, and sailed up the James River to Jamestown. The bay at the mouth of the Delaware River the Dutch called New Port May, in compliment to their commander, and the southern extremity of New Jersey is still known as Cape May. In the spring of 1623, Captain May conveyed to Manhattan thirty families, chiefly Walloons,. in the ship New Netherland, with Adriaen Joris as lieutenant. May remained at Manhattan as first director or governor of the colony. He was succeeded by William Verhulst, second director of New Netherland, and returned to Holland. Excepting his career in America, little is known of his life.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), New York, colony of (search)
as a part of Virginia, resting their claim upon the discovery of Cabot. In 1622 the English minister at The Hague demanded the abandonment of the Dutch settlements on the Hudson. Five years afterwards Governor Bradford, of Plymouth, gave notice to Governor Minuit that the patent of New England covered the domain of New Netherland. In the spring of 1664 Charles II. granted to his brother James, Duke of York, all New Netherland, including the region of country between the Hudson and Delaware rivers; and in August the same year an English fleet appeared before New Amsterdam and demanded its surrender. Governor Stuyvesant resisted for a while, but was compelled to comply, and the whole territory claimed by the Dutch passed into the possession of the English on Sept. 8, 1664. At the treaty of peace between England and Holland, the Dutch were allowed to New York City Hall and docks in 1679. retain the colony of Surinam, in Guiana, England retaining New York. Edmund Andros was a
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Patroons. (search)
gnized the right of the Indians to the soil by compelling its purchase from them; it invited independent farmers, to whom a homestead should be secured, and promised protection to all in case of war, and encouraged religion and learning. Yet the free New England system was far better for the development and growth of popular liberty. Several of these patroon domains were secured by directors of the Amsterdam Chamber. The patroons began vigorously to make settlements on the Hudson and Delaware rivers, and so construed the charter of privileges and exemptions that they claimed a right to traffic with the Indians. This brought them into collision with the other-directors, whose jealousy was aroused. The patroons persisted, and an appeal was made to the States-General, which prudently postponed a decision, in order to enable the parties to come to an amicable settlement. So ended the action of the Dutch government in the matter. The patroon system discouraged individual enterpris