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Southern Historical Society Papers, Volume 1. (ed. Reverend J. William Jones), Records of Longstreet's corps, A. N. V. (search)
e 4th of July, the Confederates again came up, no chance of success was left to an assault. General Lee remained in its front for a few days, reconnoitering and offering battle, but it proved in vain, and on the 8th the army was withdrawn to the vicinity of Richmond. The Confederate loss in the battle of Malvern Hill is reported at 5,062, of which 2,900 fell in Magruder's and Huger's divisions, and 2,162 in Jackson's command. The Federal loss did not exceed one-third of that number. Swinton's Army of the Potomac, page 162. The total Confederate loss in the Seven Days Battles may be estimated at slightly above 17,000. Jackson reports his total losses in his four divisions as 5,446; in Longstreet's division the loss amounted to 4.429; in A. P. Hill's, to 3,870. Partial returns of Magruder, Huger and Holmes indicate the amount of their losses to be about 3,500. Aggregate, 17,245. General McClellan reports his losses at 1,582 killed, 7,709 wounded, and 5,958 missing;
Southern Historical Society Papers, Volume 1. (ed. Reverend J. William Jones), Review of Bates' battle of Gettysburg. (search)
t to underrate his enemy, but is altogether valueless to the historian. General Meade's estimate given above, puts General Lee's force at nearly the same. In addition to these estimates, which he assumes as true, Dr. Bates, on the authority of Swinton, reports General Longstreet as saying that there were at Gettysburg 67,000 bayonets, or above 70,000 of all arms. The only attempt at using Confederate information on a point in regard to which they alone could give accurate information, is thu August, 1867, is re-published an article from the New York Tribune, containing what purports to be a copy of the returns of the Confederate armies, taken from the captured archives at Washington. Where the returns were defective, the author (Mr. Swinton) has interpolated his own estimates. These are very inaccurate, but the copied returns contain valuable information. In this paper the whole force for duty in the Department of Northern Virginia in May, 1863, is given at 68,352. This compri
Southern Historical Society Papers, Volume 1. (ed. Reverend J. William Jones), Strength of General Lee's army in the Seven days battles around Richmond. (search)
371 to 377. Armistead gives only a partial statement of his loss — taking it at 450 and we will have the loss in Huger's division 2,129. The loss in Holmes' division was 51, in Stuart's cavalry 71, and in the reserve artillery 44. The whole loss sums up as follows: Longstreet's division, 4,429; A. P. Hill's division, 3,870; Huger's division, 2,129; Jackson's command, 6,727; Magruder's command, 2,236; Holmes' division, 51; Stuart's cavalry, 71; reserve artillery, 44. Total, 19,557. Mr. Swinton, the author of the History of the army of the Potomac, examined the Confederate returns in the Archive Office at Washington, and in June, 1876, published an abstract from them showing the strength of our armies at various times. His statement shows that there were present for duty in the Department of Northern Virginia at the end of July, 1862, 69,559 men and officers. This included not only all the commands which had been at the battles around Richmond, except Daniel's brigade of a lit
Colonel William Preston Johnston, The Life of General Albert Sidney Johnston : His Service in the Armies of the United States, the Republic of Texas, and the Confederate States., Chapter 29: the retreat from Bowling Green. (search)
Chapter 29: the retreat from Bowling Green. General Johnston's strategy discussed. Mr. Swinton's extraordinary statement. memorandum of conference held by Generals Johnston, Beauregard, and Hardee. plan of campaign. military prophecy. Colonel Schaller's account. resolve to retreat. Munford's account. John C. Browfend Nashville at Donelson, if he could, and, if not, then to reunite his corps and to fight on a more retired line. A very astonishing statement is made by Mr. Swinton, in his Decisive battles of the War, page 65. He says: In this condition, outnumbered on both lines, Johnston does not appear to have comprehended that a the Tennessee apprised him that it was too late, and, by the time he reached the Mississippi, Fort Henry had fallen. Without undertaking at all to solve how Mr. Swinton has fallen into such errors, a few facts will demonstrate an entirely different state of case. General Beauregard was ordered, January 26th, by letter from Ric
Colonel William Preston Johnston, The Life of General Albert Sidney Johnston : His Service in the Armies of the United States, the Republic of Texas, and the Confederate States., Chapter 35: (search)
s data are not known to the writer. The loss of the Federal army was, according to official reports, as follows: Killed.Wounded.Captured.Total. Grant's army1,4375,6792,98410,050 Buell's army2681,816882,167 Total1,7007,4958,02212,217 A reference to the Appendix will show that General Grant's aggregate loss was 11,220 instead of 10,050, giving a total loss, including Buell's, of 13,387. Buell's loss has not been verified, and was also probably larger than the official report. Swinton, in his Decisive battles, and Prof. Coppee, in his Life of Grant (page 96), put the Federal loss at 15,000. It is probable that Grant's army did not lose much more than a thousand men on Monday. If this be so, it is apparent that his losses on Sunday were some 10,000, besides thousands of fugitives, at a cost of about 6,500 Confederates. On Monday the Federal loss was only some 3,000 or 4,000, with an equal or greater loss inflicted on the Southern army. In both cases, the assailant
Fitzhugh Lee, General Lee, Chapter 8: commands the army defending Richmond, and seven days battles. (search)
in his cousin Louis Marshall, who, I am told, is on his staff. I could forgive the latter fighting against us, but not his joining Pope. Out in the West, too, President Lincoln found his commander in chief, and on July 11th ordered that Major-General Henry W. Halleck be assigned to command the whole land force of the United States as general in chief, and that he repair to the capital. The Confederates were re-enforced by these appointments of Halleck and Pope. If the latter was, as Swinton, the historian of the Army of the Potomac, puts it, the most disbelieved man in the army, the former was a perpetual stumbling-stone in the path of the field commanders of the Federal army. His position was a most difficult one to fill. Mr. Lincoln's attention was drawn to him by his past record. Halleck graduated at the United States Military Academy in the class of 1849, and was forty-seven years old when summoned to Washington. Like Lee, McClellan, and Pope, he was an engineer office
Ulysses S. Grant, Personal Memoirs of U. S. Grant, The military situation-plans for the campaign-sheridan assigned to command of the cavalry-flank movements-forrest at Fort Pillow-General Banks's expedition-colonel Mosby-an incident of the Wilderness campaign (search)
I think, to Spottsylvania. He was accompanied by a Mr. [William] Swinton, whom he presented as a literary gentleman who wished to accompanyry of the war when it was over. He assured me and I have no doubt Swinton gave him the assurance — that he was not present as a correspondent of the press. I expressed an entire willingness to have him (Swinton) accompany the army, and would have allowed him to do so as a corresp be privileged spies of the enemy within our lines. Probably Mr. Swinton expected to be an invited guest at my headquarters, and was disarcible than polite, what he was doing there. The man proved to be Swinton, the historian, and his replies to the question were evasive and us warned against further eaves-dropping. The next I heard of Mr. Swinton was at Cold Harbor. General Meade came to my headquarters saying that General Burnside had arrested Swinton, who at some previous time had given great offence, and had ordered him to be shot that afternoon
General James Longstreet, From Manassas to Appomattox, Chapter 38: battle of the Wilderness. (search)
bloody foam from your mouth and said, Tell General Field to take command, and move forward with the whole force and gain the Brock road, but hours were lost. Letter to the writer. A Northern historian says,--It seemed, indeed, that irretrievable disaster was upon us; but in the very torrent and tempest of the attack it suddenly ceased and all was still. What could cause this surcease of effort at the very height of success was then wholly unknown to us. Decisive Battles of the War, Swinton, p. 378. Some years after the affair on the Plank road, General Hancock said to me,--You rolled me up like a wet blanket, and it was some hours before I could reorganize for battle. He explained that reinforcements crowding up through the wood, the retreating troops, and confusion caused by mixing in with wagon-trains and horses, made a troublesome tangle, but it was unravelled and his troops at rest when the final attack was made. He had sixty thousand men in hand. Bad as was b
Varina Davis, Jefferson Davis: Ex-President of the Confederate States of America, A Memoir by his Wife, Volume 2, Chapter 29: seven days battles around Richmond. (search)
uct the losses sustained in the battle of Seven Pines, as shown by the official reports of casualties, say, 6,084 and we have 56,612 as the number of effectives when General Lee took command of the Army of Northern Virginia. Before the seven days battles around Richmond, reinforcements to the number of 24, 50 were brought to the army, so that at the beginning of the contest with McClellan, Lee had 80,762 effectives for battle. If we adopt as correct the Confederate loss as given by Swinton, say 19,000, then it would appear that when McClellan reached the James River with 8s,000 to 90,000 men, he was being pursued by Lee with but 62,000. Colonel Taylor: Four Years with Lee, When the news of our great victory over such long odds came to Raleigh, everyone was breathless with excitement. The telegraph office was separated by a narrow alley from my room in the hotel. As I walked my ill baby to and fro by the window, a voice came from the street, Tell us what you know, ple
Varina Davis, Jefferson Davis: Ex-President of the Confederate States of America, A Memoir by his Wife, Volume 2, Chapter 50: Virginia campaign, 1864. (search)
siege to the city. During the campaign reinforcements reached General Lee to the extent of 14,400 men, making 78,400 as the aggregate of all troops engaged under him from the Wilderness to Cold Harbor. General Grant received 51,000 additional men during the same period, bringing his total up to 192, 60 men employed by him from the Rapidan to the James. The Federal loss in the battles of the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, North Anna, and Cold Harbor is put at above 60,000 men by Mr. Swinton, in his History of the army of the Potomac. Taylor's Four Years with Lee. The campaign of one month, from May 4th to June 4th, had cost the Federal commander 60,000 men and 3,000 officers, while the loss of Lee did not exceed 18,000 men (of whom few were officers). The result would seem an unfavorable comment upon the choice of route made by General Grant. General McClellan, two years before, had reached Cold Harbor with trifling losses. To attain the same point had cost Genera
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