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Edward L. Pierce, Memoir and letters of Charles Sumner: volume 1 6 0 Browse Search
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight) 2 0 Browse Search
Elias Nason, The Life and Times of Charles Sumner: His Boyhood, Education and Public Career. 2 0 Browse Search
Edward L. Pierce, Memoir and letters of Charles Sumner: volume 3 2 0 Browse Search
Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Carlyle's laugh and other surprises 2 0 Browse Search
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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), T. (search)
which see). Tour′nay. A printed worsted material for furniture upholstery. Tournai in Belgium (Fl. Doormick). Tour′ni-quet. （Surgical.) An instrument for compressing an artery in amputations. The invention of Morelli, 1674, modified by other distinguished surgeons. Also used in compressing aneurisms and tumors. See Fig. 212, page 103. The screw-tourniquet was invented by Petit of France, 1718. The form now in common use, an improvement on that of Petit, was patented by Savigny of London in 1800. Improvements have also been made by Nuck, Verduc, Monro, and others. The heroes before Troy had one field physician, but in general the soldiers of the armies of the ancients, or sympathizing females, gave what attention they could to the wounded. In the Roman army each cohort had a physician. The first trace of field-hospitals is in the sixth century. The convention of Ratisbon, 742, ordered that every army should have a corps of chaplains, and every colonel a c<
Elias Nason, The Life and Times of Charles Sumner: His Boyhood, Education and Public Career., Chapter 6: (search)
nd maritime law is under a larger debt, perhaps, than to any other mind, while he descanted on his favorite theme; I wander in fancy to the gentle presence of him with flowing silver locks, who was so dear to Germany,--Thibaut, the expounder of the Roman law, and the earnest and successful advocate of a just scheme for the reduction of the unwritten law to the certainty of a written text; from Heidelberg I fly to Berlin, where I listen to the grave lecture and mingle in the social circle of Savigny, so stately in person and peculiar in countenance, whom all the continent of Europe delights to honor: but my heart and my judgment, untrammelled, fondly turn to my Cambridge teacher and friend. Jurisprudence has many arrows in her golden quiver; but where is one to compare with that which is now spent in the earth? . . . I remember him in my childhood; but I first knew him after he came to Cambridge as professor while I was yet an undergraduate; and remember freshly, as if the words were
Edward L. Pierce, Memoir and letters of Charles Sumner: volume 1, Chapter 8: early professional life.—September, 1834, to December, 1837.—Age, 23-26. (search)
the present state of the controversy in Germany would be read with the deepest attention. Among us, the codification proposed is simply revision and redaction,—the reduction of a portion of the vast mass of decided cases (Jurisprudence des arrets) to a written text,—thus establishing, as it were, a stratum of written law, which will give firmness and solidity to that portion which remains unwritten. By such a course, it seems to me that we, in a great degree, avoid the evils pointed out by Savigny and the Historical School. We still preserve the historical features of the law, not presuming to frame a new system from new materials without consulting the previous' customs, habits, and history of the country. The error of Jeremy Bentham and of John Locke was in supposing that they, in their closets, could frame de novo a code for a people. Locke prepared a code, a century ago, for one of the North American colonies, which proved a signal failure. The attempt to codify the law in th
Edward L. Pierce, Memoir and letters of Charles Sumner: volume 1, Chapter 12: Paris.—Society and the courts.—March to May, 1838.—Age, 27. (search)
al and maritime law is under a larger debt, perhaps, than to any other mind, while he descanted on his favorite theme; I wander in fancy to the gentle presence of him with flowing silver locks who was so dear to Germany,—Thibaut, the expounder of Roman law, and the earnest and successful advocate of a just scheme for the reduction of the unwritten law to the certainty of a written text; from Heidelberg I pass to Berlin, where I listen to the grave lecture and mingle in the social circle of Savigny, so stately in person and peculiar in countenance, whom all the Continent of Europe delights to honor: but my heart and my judgment, untravelled, fondly turn with new love and admiration to my Cambridge teacher and friend. Jurisprudence has many arrows in her quiver, but where is one to compare with that which is now spent in the earth? Works, Vol. I. p. 144. In his argument before the Supreme Court of Massachusetts against the constitutionality of separate schools for colored childr
Edward L. Pierce, Memoir and letters of Charles Sumner: volume 1, Chapter 14: first weeks in London.—June and July, 1838.—Age, 27. (search)
nsel whether he thought many articles of fashion would be carried on a proposed railway; to which the witness promptly replied, As to articles of fashion,—I do not think they much concern either you or I, Sir Charles. The whole room was convulsed with laughter, in which Sir Charles most heartily joined. Hayward, Abraham Hayward, born about 1800; author of several legal publications; editor of the Law Magazine, from which he retired in 1844; translator of Goethe's Faust, and of one of Savigny's works; and contributor to the Quarterly Review. Among his articles published in this periodical is one on American Orators and Statesmen, Dec., 1840, Vol. LXVII. pp. 1-53. See a letter of Judge Story to him, which furnished suggestions for the article,—Story's Life and Letters, Vol. II. pp. 324-327. Sumner was indebted to Mr. Hayward for many civilities, among them an introduction to Mrs. Norton. of the Law Magazine, I know very well. Last evening I met at dinner, at his chambers in K
Edward L. Pierce, Memoir and letters of Charles Sumner: volume 3, Chapter 30: addresses before colleges and lyceums.—active interest in reforms.—friendships.—personal life.—1845-1850. (search)
eties of special pleading, penetrating the barricades of Norman French, and the peculiar abbreviations of Rastell and the Year Books. Sumner thought the distinction between law and equity, then rigidly enforced equally without reason, an anomaly in our jurisprudence and also in that of England. unworthy of an age when the law is treated as a science. Letter to Professor Mittermaier, Feb. 1, 1848 (Mss.). When in Germany I knew well the two great masters of the question of codification,— Savigny, the renowned head of the historical school; and Thibaut, who was the chief of the didactic school. The latter is now dead, leaving a name of great honor in the jurisprudence of his country. I cannot forget a long conversation I once had with him on the subject of law reform and codification. He Was then venerable in years, and his words seemed like those of an unerring teacher. He concluded our conversation by saying that in order to conduct these reforms to a successful conclusion, No
Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Carlyle's laugh and other surprises, IX: George Bancroft (search)
ward Everett, then recently appointed Professor of Greek Literature in that institution, had proposed that some young graduate of promise should be sent to Germany for purposes of study, that he might afterwards become one of the corps of Harvard instructors. Accordingly, Bancroft was selected, and went, in the early summer of 1818, to Gottingen. At that time the University had among its professors Eichhorn, Heeren, and Blumenbach. He also studied at Berlin, where he knew Schleiermacher, Savigny, and Wilhelm von Humboldt. At Jena he saw Goethe, and at Heidelberg studied under Schlosser. This last was in the spring of 1821, when he had already received his degree of Ph. D. at Gottingen and was making the tour of Europe. At Paris he met Cousin, Constant, and Alexander von Humboldt; he knew Manzoni at Milan, and Bunsen and Niebuhr at Rome. The very mention of these names seems to throw his early career far back into the past. Such experiences were far rarer then than now, and the