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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Piegan Indians. (search)
Piegan Indians. See Blackfeet. Pierce, Franklin
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Pierce, Franklin 1804-1869 (search)
Pierce, Franklin 1804-1869 Fourteenth President of the United States, from 1853 to 1857; Democrat; born in Hillsboro, N. H., Nov. 23, 1804; graduated at Bowdoin College in 1824; became a lawyer; was admitted to the bar in 1827, and made his permvention nominated him for President of the United States, and he was elected in November (see cabinet, President's). President Pierce favored the pro-slavery party in Kansas, and in January, 1856, in a message to Congress, he denounced the formation of a free-State government in Kansas as an act of rebellion. During the Civil War ex-President Pierce was in full sympathy with the Confederate leaders. He died in Concord, N. H., Oct. 8, 1869. Special message on Kansas. On Jan. 24, 1856, PrPresident Pierce sent the following message to the Congress on the affairs in Kansas: Washington, Jan. 24, 1856. To the Senate and House of Representatives,—Circumstances have occurred to disturb the course of governmental organization in the T
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Presidential elections. (search)
91.TennDem1,337,24338,175170George M. Dallas For foot-note references see page 291.PaDem170 Henry ClayKyWhig1,299,068105T. FrelinghuysenN. J.Whig105 James G. BirneyN. Y.Lib62,300Thomas MorrisO.Lib 1848. Zachary Taylor For foot-note references see page 291.LaWhig1,360,101139,557163Millard Fillmore For foot-note references see page 291.N. Y.Whig163 Lewis CassMich.Dem1,220,544127William O. ButlerKyDem127 Martin Van BurenN. Y.F. Soil291,263Charles F. AdamsMass.F. Soil 1852. Franklin Pierce For foot-note references see page 291.N. H.Dem1,601,474220,896254William R. King For foot-note references see page 291.AlaDem254 Winfield ScottN. J.Whig1,380,57642William A. GrahamN. C.Whig42 John P. HaleN. H.F. D. (i)156,149George W. JulianInd.F. D. Daniel Webster (k)Mass.Whig1,670 1856. James Buchanan For foot-note references see page 291.PaDem1,838,169496,905174J. C. Breckinridge For foot-note references see page 291.KyDem174 John C. FremontCalRep1,341,264114William
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Reeder, Andrew Horatio 1807-1864 (search)
Reeder, Andrew Horatio 1807-1864 Lawyer; born in Easton, Pa., Aug. 6, 1807; was a practitioner in Easton, where he spent the most of his life. In 1854 he accepted the office of (first) governor of Kansas from President Pierce, where he endeavored in vain to prevent the election frauds in that territory in 1855. He would not countenance the illegal proceedings of Missourians there, and (July, 1855) the President removed him from office. The antislavery people immediately elected him a delegate to Congress for Kansas; and afterwards, under the legal constitution, he was chosen United States Senator. Congress did not ratify that constitution, and he never took his seat. His patriotic course won for him the respect of all law-abiding citizens. He was one of the first to be appointed a brigadier-general of volunteers at the outbreak of the Civil War, but declined the honor. Three of his sons served in the army. He died in Easton, Pa., July 5, 1864. See Kansas.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), River and Harbor bills. (search)
River and Harbor bills. The first bill for harbor improvements in the United States was passed March 3, 1823. Polk in 1846 and Pierce in 1854 vetoed such bills. In 1870 a $2,000,000 appropriation was made, the largest amount up to that time.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Senate, United States (search)
veland administration both of the Senators from each of three different States resided in the same city, and three Senators occupying adjoining seats and representing two States were born in adjoining counties in one State. In 1892 two Senators, representing one State, had been private soldiers in one and the same volunteer regiment of the Union army. Eleven Senators afterwards became Presidents of the United States—Monroe, Adams (J. Q.), Jackson, Van Buren, Harrison (William H.), Tyler, Pierce, Buchanan, Johnson, Garfield, and Harrison (Benjamin). The first Senator that died during his term was William Grayson, of Virginia, whose death occurred March 1, 1790. The custom of taking public and official action on the decease of a Senator and of incurring expense on account thereof was of slow growth. During the first thirty-seven years of the Senate's history twenty-two of its members died and no expense was incurred by Congress in their behalf. The first record of the Senate's
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Soule, Pierre 1802- (search)
e of a shepherd. Permitted to return, he assisted in the establishment of a republican newspaper at Paris, for the utterances of which he was condemned to prison at St. Pelagie, but escaped to England, and thence went to Baltimore. In the fall of 1825 he went to New Orleans, where he became a very eminent lawyer; was elected to the United States Senate in 1847, where he served eight years, always taking ground in favor of the most extreme views on slavery and State supremacy. In 1853 President Pierce appointed him minister to Spain, where he soon became involved in a quarrel with M. Turgot, the French ambassador, whom he severely wounded in a duel. Having taken a high-handed measure in reference to a treaty for reciprocity of trade between the United States and Cuba, he joined in the Ostend conference, and was one of the framers of the Ostend manifesto (q. v.). He returned to the United States in 1855, and in 1862 was arrested by General Butler for disloyalty to the government, a
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), State sovereignty. (search)
that neither section would have a majority in both. The purpose was good, but the calculation was bad, so that in a not-distant future the North, as a section, had a majority in both Houses of Congress and in the electoral colleges for the choice of the President. Party did for many years control faction, and principles, independent of latitude and longitude, formed the cement of political parties. Thus it was, as late as 1853. that that true patriot and friend of the Constitution, Franklin Pierce, could conscientiously say that, politically, he knew no North, no South, no East, no West. The wise statesmen who formed the plan for the new Union of 1787-90, with admirable caution, required a material barrier to check majorities from aggression under the influence of self-interest and lust of dominion. They could not have been certain that their method of preserving the balance of power between the sections would be permanently successful. What, then, was the remedy in case o
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), States, the, and the popular vote in Presidential elections (search)
Jackson687,5022193,139157,313170925 Clay530,1894910,820 Harrison1,275,0172345,449146,315174841 Van Buren1,128,7026018,811 Polk1,337,2431707,86638,17565587 Clay1,299,06810512,372 Taylor1,360,1011638,344139,557363,876 Cass1,220,5441279,610 Pierce1,601,4742546,305220,8962111,047 Scott1,380,5764332,106 Buchanan1,838,16917410,564496,905608,281 Fremont1,341,26411411,765 Lincoln1,866,35218010,368491,1951682,924 Douglas1,375,15712114,596 Breckinridge845,7367211,746 Bell589,5813915,117 L, emphasizing its incompatibility with popular election of Presidents. For instance, how is it possible to harmonize the theory of equitable election laws, and the older theory of equal representation, with the fact that, in the contest of 1852, Pierce received one electoral vote for every 6,305 of popular votes, while for every 32,106 popular votes Scott got only one electoral vote? Or what more aptly illustrates the absurdity of the present system than the election of 1860, when Lincoln rece
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Stephens, Alexander Hamilton -1883 (search)
in its every important action from the beginning. The protective policy was once for a time carried against the South, but that was subsequently completely changed. Our policy ultimately prevailed. The South put in power, or joined the united country in putting in power and sustaining, the administrations of Washington for eight years. She put in and sustained Jefferson for eight years; Madison, eight years; Jackson, eight years; Van Buren, four years; Tyler, four years; Polk, four years; Pierce, four years; and Buchanan, four years. That is to say, the Southern people have aided in making and sustaining the administration for sixty years out of the seventy-two years of the government's existence. Does this look like we were or are in an abject minority, at the mercy of a despotic Northern majority, rapacious to rob and plunder us? It is true we are in a minority, and have been a long time. It is true, also, that a party at the North advocate principles which would lead to a desp
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