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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing) 12 0 Browse Search
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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Cordova, Francisco Fernandez de (search)
Cordova, Francisco Fernandez de Discoverer of Mexico. In February, 1517, he sailed from Havana, Cuba, accompanied by 100 men, and landed on the coast of Yucatan. In a battle with the natives, forty-seven of his men were killed, and he was wounded in twelve places. Hastening back to Cuba, he died of his wounds in 1518.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Cortez, Hernando 1485- (search)
founded, and Cortez was made alcalde, or mayor. He married a Spanish lady and employed the natives in mining gold, treating them most cruelly. Velasquez placed him at the head of an expedition to conquer and colonize Mexico, portions of which Cordova and Grijalva had just discovered. Before he sailed Velasquez countermanded the order, but the ambitious Cortez, disobedient, sailed for Mexico, in 1519, with ten vessels, bearing 550 Spaniards, over 200 Indians, a few negroes and horses, and soer parts of it, by whichever route one chooses to enter, the distance is 2 leagues. There are four avenues or entrances to the city, all of which are formed by artificial causeways, 2 spears' length in width. The city is as large as Seville or Cordova; its streets—I speak of the principal ones—are very wide and straight; some of these, and all the inferior ones, are half land and half water, and are navigated by canoes. All the streets at intervals have openings, through which the water fl
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Cuba (search)
, promised him immediate admittance to the joys of heaven if he would embrace the Christian faith, and threatened him with eternal torment if he should continue in his unbelief. The cacique asked whether there were any Spaniards in that region of bliss, and being answered in the affirmative, replied, I will not go to a place where I may meet one of that accursed race. De Soto was made captain-general of Cuba in 1537, and from that island he sailed to make a conquest of Florida. From it Cordova also sailed, and Grijalva, when they went and discovered Mexico; and from it Velasquez sent Cortez to make a conquest of the empire of Montezuma. From the advent of the Spaniards in 1511 the natives began to suffer, and they were persecuted steadily till 1898. During its early history the island changed hands several times, the Dutch once owning it for a short time and England conquering it in 1762, but restoring it to Spain in return for Florida. In 1829 occurred the Black Eagle rebelli
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Diaz del Castillo, Bernal, 1498-1593 (search)
Diaz del Castillo, Bernal, 1498-1593 Military officer; born in Medina del Campo, Spain, about 1498; came to America as an adventurer in 1514, joining the expedition of Cordova in 1517, and of Grijalva in 1518. He served Cortez faithfully and valiantly. During his adventurous career he was engaged in 119 battles and skirmishes, and was wounded several times. He wrote a history of the conquest of New Spain, which he completed in 1568, intended to correct the misstatements of Gomara's Chronicle of New Spain, in which nearly all the glory of its conquest was given to Cortez. Diaz was a rough, unlettered soldier, and his history has been pronounced a collection of fables. He died in Guatemala, about 1593.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Grijalva, Juan de 1518- (search)
Grijalva, Juan de 1518- Adventurer; born in Cuellar, Spain, near the close of the fifteenth century. His uncle, Diego Velasquez (q. v.), the first governor of Cuba, sent him in command of four vessels, to complete the discoveries of Cordova. He sailed from Santiago, Cuba, in the spring of 1518. He cruised along the peninsula of Yucatan as far as the region of the Panuco, where he held friendly communication with the Aztecs, the subjects of Montezuma. From them he obtained gold, jewels, and other treasures, with which he freighted one of his ships. Grijalva afterwards settled in Nicaragua, where he was killed by the natives, Jan. 21, 1527. He was the discoverer of Mexico.