pistons being raised by the direct pressure of the steam, necessitating the use of piston-rods.
A four-way cock of ingenious construction made the necessary changes of induction and eduction.
The steam was used at full power, and then exhausted into the atmosphere.
This latter feature was novel.
The positive pressure of steam was not. Papin had used it 25 years before.
The two coacting, alternate cylinders was a novel feature.
The engine never had any practical importance.
In 1756, Blakey took out a patent for a water-raising apparatus, as an improvement on Savery's, to avoid the condensation of steam incident to its contact with the water.
To avoid this he interposed a stratum of oil or air between the water and the steam.
Smeaton devoted himself to the details of the Newcomen engine, laid down some rules for proportions, and determined a mode of measuring the power.
It was formed upon the data:—
Rate of the piston.
Area of the piston.
Pressure of the steam.
n, Patrick, Pendleton, Porter, Pugh, Rives, Saunders, Sharp, Sitlington, Spurlock, Staples, A. H. H. Stuart, C. J. Stuart, Taylor, Waller, White, Wickham, Willey, Wilson, and Woods.--77.
nays.--Messrs. Janney, (President,) Ambler, Armstrong, Blakey, Boissean, Borst, Bouldin, Bruce, Cecil, Chambliss, Chapman, Conn, R. H. Cox, Fisher, Flournoy, Forbes, Garland, Graham, Gregory, Goggin, Jno Goode.
T. F. Goode, Hale, C. Hall, L. S. Hall, Harvie, Holcombe, Hunton, Isbell, M. Johnson, Kent, Kilb, Pugh, Rives, Saunders, Robert E. Scott Sharp, Sheffey, Sitlington, Slaughter, Southall, Speed, Spurlock, Staples, Alex. H. H. Stuart, Chapman J. Stuart, Taylor, Tredway, Waller, white, Wickham, Willey, and Woods--95.
nays.--Messrs. Ambler, Blakey, Boissean, Borst, Cecil, Chambliss, Chapman, Conn, R. H. Cox, Fisher, Graham, Gregory, John Goode, Jr. , Thos. F. Goode, Cyrus Hall, L. S. Hall, Harvie, Holcombe, Hunton, Isbell, Kent, Kilby, Kindred, Leake, Montague, Morris, Morton, Neblett, Par
g resolution:
Resolved. That the thanks of the people of Virginia be and they are hereby most cordially tendered to the Hon. John J. Crittenden, for his reasonable, jealous and patriotic efforts in the Senate of the United States to bring about a just and honorable adjustment of our national difficulties.
Mr. Wise, of Princess Anne, moved to lay the resolution upon the table, upon which motion Mr. Brown called for the yeas and nays, and the vote resulted as follows:
Yeas.--Messrs. Blakey, Bolssean, Borst, Boulbin, Conn, Fisher, Graham, Harvie, Hunton, Isbeth, Leake, Macfarland, Millor, Morton, Orrick, Baldwin, Seawell, Slanghter, Speed, Strange, Thernton, Ro. H. Turner, Wise, and Woods--23.
Nays.--Messrs. Janney, (President,) Aston, baldwin, Alfred Mr. Barbour, James Barbour, Taylor, Berlin, Blow, Jr., Boggess, Branch, Brent, Brown, Bruce, Burdett, Burley, Caperton, Carder, Chapman, Clemens, Coffman, C. B. Conrad, Ro. Y. Conrad, Couch, Critcher, Custis, Dent, Beskia
essrs. Janney, (President,) Aston, Bayler, Berlin, Boggess, Brent, Brown, Burley, Campbell, Carlile, Carter, C. B. Conrad, Couch, Curtis, Deskins, Dorman, Early, Fugate, Gillespie, Gravely, Addison Hall, Ephraim B. Hall, Hammond, Hoge, Hubbard, Hughes, Hull, Jackson, Peter C. Johnston, Lewis, McGiew, McNeill, Masters, Moffett, Orrick, Osburn, Patrick, Porter, Pugh, Sharp, Sitlington, Staples, Alex, H. H. Stuart, Chapman J. Stuart, White, and Willey--46.
Nays--Messrs. Ambler, Armstrong, Blakey, Blow, Rouldin, Boyd. Branch, Bruce, Caperton, Chambliss, Conn, Robert Y. Conrad, James H. Cox. Richard H. Cox. Fisher, Flournoy, Garland, Holcombe, Hunton, Isbell. Marmaduke Johnson, Kent, Kilby, Leake, McComas, James B. Mallory, Marshall, Marye, Miller, Montague, Morrie, Morton, Neblett, Nelson, Parks, Preston. Price, Randolph, Richardson, Robert E. Scott, William C. Scott Seawell, Sheffey, Slaughter, Southall, Speed, Spurieck, Strange, Sutherlin, Tredway, Robert H. Turner, Franklin P. Tur
them than heretofore.
Mr. Wise replied, arguing that the two propositions — that of the Peace Conference and that of the committee — were not the same, but that the former had undergone essential changes.
The question was then put on the motion to strike out the report of the Committee and insert the substitute offered by Mr. Carlile, and resulted as follows:
Year.--Messrs. Burley, Carlile, Hubbard, and Porter--4.
Nays.--Messrs. Ambler, Armstrong, Aston, Baylor, Berlin, Blakey, Blow, Jr., Boggess, Boisseau, Borst, Boyd, Branch, Brent, Brown, Bruce, Burdett, Byrne, Cabell, Campbell, Caperton, Carter, Chambliss, Chapman, Clemens, Coffman, Conn, C. B. Conrad, R. Y. Conrad, J. H. Cox, R. H. Cox, Custis Deskins, Dulany, Early, Echols, Fisher, Forbes, French, Fugate, Garland, Gillespie, Graham, Gravely, Gray, Goggin, J. Goode, Jr., T. F. Goode, Addison Hall, Cyrus Hall, E. B. Hall, L. S. Hall, Hammond, Harvie, Haymond, Hoge, Holcombe, Holladay, Hull, Isbell, Jackson, Ma
ral states of the Union on or before the first Monday in October next.
Resolved, That the said amendments and ordinance be submitted to the people of this State, at the next general election, for their approval or rejection.
The motion being to strike out the report of the committee and insert the substitute offered by Mr. Turner, the yeas and nays were demanded by Mr. Conrad, of Frederick.
The roll was then called, and the vote resulted as follows:
Yeas.--Messrs. Ambler, Blakey, Boisseau, Borst, Chambliss, Coffman, Conn, Richard H. Cox, Fisher, Graham, Gregory, John Goode, Jr., Tho F Goode, Harvie, Holcombe, Hunton, Isbell, Kledred, Lawson, Leake, Chas. K. Mallory, Jas. B. Mallory, Montague, Morris, Morton, Neblett, Randolph, Richardson, Seawell, Strange, Thornton, Robt. H. Turner, Franklin P. Turner, Tyler, Williams, Wise, and Woods.--37.
Nays.--Messrs Janney, (President,) Armstrong, Asion, Baldwin, Baylor, Berlin, Blow, Boggess, Boyd, Brent, Brown, Burdett,
decided that, under the rule, any member could speak ten minutes upon the previous question.
The resolution was then opposed by Messrs. Johnson of Richmond, Woods of Barbour, Mallory of Brunswick, Barbour of Culpeper, Wise of Princess Anne, Blakey of Madison, and Harvie of Amelia, and favored by Messrs, Conrad of Frederick, and Jackson of Wood.
Mr. Branch, of Petersburg, was in favor of compromise, and moved to amend by substituting Friday week for Monday next.
Decided out of ordter, Price, Pugh.
Wm. C. Scott, Sharp, Sitlington, Spurlock, A. H. H. Stuart, C. J. Stuart, Summers, Tarr, Taylor, Whitfield, Wickham, Willey, and Wilson--66.
Nays.--Messrs. Janney, (President,) Ambler, Baldwin, A. M. Barbour, Jas. Barbour, Blakey, Blow, Boisseau, Borst, Boyd, Branch, Brent, Cabell, Campbell, Chambliss, Chapman, Coffman, Coun, Richard H. Cox, Echols, Fisher, Flourney, Forbes, Garland, Graham, Gravely, Gregory, Goggin, John Goode, T. F. Goode, C. Hall, L. S. Hall, Hammond,