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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Arsa'cidae (search)
oes, established by the Romans.--A. D. 314. Interregnum. Sanadrug seizes northern Armenia, and Pagur southern Armenia, but only for a short time.--A. D. 316. Chosroes or Khosrew II., surnamed P'hok'hr, or " the Little," the son of Tiridates Mezd.--A. D. 325. Diran or Tiranus I., his son.--A. D. 341. Arsaces or Arshag III., his son. --A. D. 370. Bab or Para.--A. D. 377. Waraztad, usurper.--A. D. 382. Arsaces IV. (and Valarsaces or Wagharshag II., his brother).--A. D. 387. Armenia divided.--A. D. 389. Arsaces IV. dies. Cazavon in Roman Armenia, Chosroes or Khosrew III. in Persarmenia.--A. D. 392. Bahram Shapur (Sapor), the brother of Chosroes III.--A. D. 414. Chosroes re-established by Yezdegerd.--A. D. 415. Shapur or Sapor, the son of Yezdegerd--A. D. 419. Interregnum.--A. D. 422. Ardashes or Ardashir (Artasires) IV.--A. D. 428. End of the kingdom of Armenia. (Comp. Vaillant, Regnum Arsacidarum, especially Elenchus Regum Armeniae Majoris, in the 1st. vol.; Du Four de Longuerue, Annale
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Hesy'chius (search)
ed by a number of later interpolations. But a close examination of the prefatory epistle does not bring forth any thing which is at variance with the work to which it is prefixed, nor does it contain any thing to justify the opinion of Valckenaer. The investigations of Alberti and Welcker (in the Rhein. Mus. ii. pp. 269, &c., 411, &c.) have rendered it highly probable that Hesychius was a pagan, who lived towards the end of the fourth century of our era, or, as Welcker thinks, previous to A. D. 389. This view seems to be contradicted by the fact that the work also contains a number of Christian glosses and references to ecclesiastical writers, as Epiphanius and others, whence Fabricius and other critics consider Hesychius as a Christian, and identify him with the Hesychius who in the third century after Christ made a Greek translation of the Old Testament, and is often quoted by Hieronymus and others. But it is now a generally established belief that the Christian glosses and the ref
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Hiero'nymus or St. Jerome (search)
Prophetas minores, drawn up at intervals between A. D. 392 and 406. Nahum, Micah, Zephaniah, Haggai, and Habakkuk were printed in 392, Jonah in 397, Obadiah probably in 403, the remainder in 406. (Ed. Bened. vol. iii. p. 1234-1806.) Vol. VII. 11. Commentarii in Matthaeum, Commentarii in Matthaeum, in four books. They belong to the year 398. (Ed. Bened. vol. iv. pt. i. p. 1.) 12. Homiliae XXXIX. in Lucam ex Origene. Homiliae XXXIX. in Lucam ex Origene. A translation, executed about A. D. 389. 13. Commentarii in Pauli Epistolas. Commentarii in Pauli Epistolas. Those namely to the Galatians, to the Ephesians, to Titus, and to Philemon. Written about A. D. 387. (Ed. Bened. vol. iv. pt. i. p. 222-242.) Vol. VIII. >Chronica Eusebii (The Chronicle of Eusebius） Chronica Eusebii. The Chronicle of Eusebius, translated from the Greek, enlarged chiefly in the department of Roman history, and brought down to A. D. 378, that is, to the sixth consulship of Valens, the events of fift
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Hono'rius (search)
us and the Chronicon Paschale with that of Caesar. In A. D. 388 or 389, most probably the latter, at any rate after the usurper Maximus had been defeated, Honorius was sent for from Constantinople into Italy by his faother, whom he accompanied (A. D. 389) when with Valentinian II. he made his triumphal entry into Rome. In A. D. 393, while his father was preparing for the war against Eugenius, he was declared Augustus, or, according to Marcellinus, Caesar. But Marcellinus is in this instance nHebdomum (*(/Ebdomon), near Constantinople. (Comp. Ducange, Constantinop. Christian. 2.6.3.) The statement of the Chronicon Paschale that Theodosius had crowned Honorius Augustus (ei)s *Basile/a) at Rome, on occasion of their triumphal entry in A. D. 389, must be rejected, as inconsistent with the recognised right of Valentinian II. (then living) to the dominion of the West. It is proable that the error arose from the circumstance, that Theodosius, after his victory over Eugenius, the successor
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Siri'cius (search)
f Quesnel (Append. ad Leonis Magni Opera Diss. xv.), although its anthenticity has found a warm advocate in Baluze. (See his Dissertatio de Concilio Teleptensi.） IV. Ad diversos Episcopos. The original title is lost. Written, probably, about A. D. 386, exhorting the prelates to whom it is addressed to observe closely the rules laid down by the Council of Nice regarding the choice and ordination of bishops. V. Ad diversos Episcopos contra Jovinianum written about the commencement of A. D. 389, announcing to the Church at Milan the condemnation of Jovinian by the unanimous voice of the whole Roman clergy assembled in judgment (omnium nostrum tam Presbyterorum et Diaconorum, quam etiam totius Cleri una sententia). The reply of Ambrose is still extant. VI. Ad Anysium Thessalonicensem Episcopum et alios Illyrici Episcopos de Bonoso. Written at the very end of A. D. 391, or in the early part of A. D. 392, in reply to the application of the Illyrian bishops, who had requested his
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Sophro'nius (search)
y Fabricius (Bibl. Graec. bk. v. c. 16.7), there are only two that require any notice here. Sophro'nius 1. A contemporary and friend of St. Jerome, who gives him a section in his treatise De Viris Illustribus (100.134). Works Jerome informs us that Sophronius, a man of distinguished learning, wrote the Praises of Bethlehem (Laudes Bethlehem) while yet a boy, and lately composed an excellent work, De Subversione Serapis; that is, on the destruction of the temple of Serapis at Rome, in A. D. 389 or 390 (see Clinton, Fast. Rom. s. a. 389). Translations of Jerome into Greek Jerome also informs us that Sophronius translated into Greek, in an elegant style, my works, De Virginitate ad Eustochium and Vita Hilarionis monachi; also the Psalter and the Prophets, which we translated from Hebrew into Latin. Now, since the Catalogue of Jerome was written in A. D. 392, the date of Sophronius is clearly determined by this passage. We have no information respecting his country or condition i
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Sophro'nius (search)
Sophro'nius 1. A contemporary and friend of St. Jerome, who gives him a section in his treatise De Viris Illustribus (100.134). Works Jerome informs us that Sophronius, a man of distinguished learning, wrote the Praises of Bethlehem (Laudes Bethlehem) while yet a boy, and lately composed an excellent work, De Subversione Serapis; that is, on the destruction of the temple of Serapis at Rome, in A. D. 389 or 390 (see Clinton, Fast. Rom. s. a. 389). Translations of Jerome into Greek Jerome also informs us that Sophronius translated into Greek, in an elegant style, my works, De Virginitate ad Eustochium and Vita Hilarionis monachi; also the Psalter and the Prophets, which we translated from Hebrew into Latin. Now, since the Catalogue of Jerome was written in A. D. 392, the date of Sophronius is clearly determined by this passage. We have no information respecting his country or condition in life. Editions In the year 1539, Erasmus published at Basel, from what he calls an ancien
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
time of this order. Maximius, who had usurped the throne of Gratian, left Valentinian a precarious authority out of fear for Theodosius I. : but in August, A. D. 387, he suddenly crossed the Alps, and advanced towards Milan, the usual residence of Valentinian. The emperor and his mother fled to the Hadriatic, where they took shipping and arrived at Thessalonica. In A. D. 388, Theodosius defeated Maximus, and restored Valentinian to his authority as emperor of the West. [THEODOSIUS I.] In A. D. 389, Valentinian went into Gaul to conduct operations against the Franks on the Rhine. Arbogast was at that time commander of the Roman forces in Gaul. Nothing further is recorded of this campaign, except that Valentinian had a conference with Marcomir and Sunnon, the chiefs of the Franks, who gave him hostages. Valentinian spent the winter at Trèves, as appears from a constitution dated the 8th of November. Tillemont remarks, " that Theodosius, who spent about three years in Italy, after t
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
lii Valerii viri clarissimi Res Gestae Alexandri Macedonis translatae ex Aesopo, Graeco The author was probably a native of Alexandria (1.27); and it has been conjectured, from some peculiarities in the language, that Valerius was an African. The work, as the title imports, is taken from the Greek of Aesopus, and the original must have been composed before the middle of the fourth century, and probably before the division of the empire, since the temple of Serapis which was destroyed in A. D. 389 by an edict of Theodosius, and the tomb of Alexander which had been removed in the age of Chrysostom, are both spoken of as if standing in their original state (1.30, 3.57), while in describing the dimensions of the most famous cities (1.20) no notice is taken of Constantinople. We cannot determine with the same certainty a limit for the period when the translation was executed, but judging from the general tone of the Latinity it could not have been later than the beginning of the fifth c