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The Photographic History of The Civil War: in ten volumes, Thousands of Scenes Photographed 1861-65, with Text by many Special Authorities, Volume 5: Forts and Artillery. (ed. Francis Trevelyan Miller), The Ordnance department of the Federal army (search)
ylvania. It was mounted at Fort Hamilton, New York Harbor, very soon afterwards, but on account of the tremendous size and destructive effect of its projectiles it was fired only four times during the war. It was almost impossible to get a target that would withstand the shots and leave anything to show what had happened. These four shots were fired with 50, 75, 100 and 125 pounds of powder. The projectile weighed 1,080 pounds, and the maximum pressure on the bore was 25,000 pounds. In March, 1867, it was again fired four times with 125, 150, 175 and 200 pounds of powder, each time with an elevation of twenty-five degrees, the projectile attaining a maximum range of 8,001 yards. This is no mean record even compared with twentieth century pieces. we publish on page 255 an accurate drawing of the great fifteen-inch gun at Fort Monroe, Virginia; and also a picture, from a recent sketch, showing the experiments which are being made with a view to test it. It is proper that we sh
Southern Historical Society Papers, Volume 3. (ed. Reverend J. William Jones), Comments on the First volume of Count of Paris' civil War in America. (search)
r that he may enjoy this pretended good fortune, he has to be reduced to the moral level of his fellow-slaves and have the light of intelligence within him extinguished forever; for if he carries that divine spark in his bosom he will be unhappy, for he will feel that he is a slave. Page 80. If the Comte de Paris really believes that this picture represents the true condition of the negro slave, under the most favorable circumstances, what must he think of his Northern friends, who in March, 1867, less than two years after the abolition of slavery by the result of the war, enacted the Reconstruction Laws, by which they disfranchised a large portion of the white people of the South, and that the most experienced and intelligent, and conferred suffrage on the recently emancipated slaves — by which the latter were entrusted with the formation of constitutions and governments for all the Southern States? What does he think of the fact that some of those emancipated slaves, within who
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Barnard, Henry, 1811- (search)
where he established a model system of popular education. Dr. Barnard took great interest in the subject of school-house architecture; and from 1850 to 1854 he was State superintendent of public schools of Connecticut. In 1855 he began the publication of the American journal of education. The same year he became president of the American Association for the Advancement of Education, and was offered the presidency of two State universities. When the Bureau of Education was established at Washington, he was appointed the first commissioner (March, 1867). He resigned this office in 1870. Dr. Barnard wrote much and well on the subject of popular education. A London review, speaking of his work on National education in Europe (1854), said: He has collected and arranged more valuable information and statistics than can be found in any one volume in the English language. Dr. Barnard received the degree of Ll.D. from Harvard, Yale, and Union colleges. He died in Hartford, July 5, 1900.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Cullum, George Washington 1809-1892 (search)
Cullum, George Washington 1809-1892 Military officer; born in New York City Feb. 25, 1809; graduated at West Point in 1833, entering the engineering corps, and becoming captain in July, 1838. He was made major in August, 1861; lieutenantcolonel in March, 1863, and colonel, March, 1867, and was retired in 1874. In the volunteer service he reached the rank of brigadier-general and brevet major-general during the Civil War. He was one of the most accomplished and useful officers of engineers in the United States army, as the military works he superintended the construction of attest. From 1845 to 1848 he was instructor of practical engineering in the West Point Military Academy, during which time he spent two years in Europe. He served as aidede-camp to General Scott in 1861, and on the staff of General Halleck in 1862, accompanying him to Washington. He was an efficient member of the United States sanitary commission, and superintendent of West Point Academy from 1864 to 1866
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Currency, National (search)
the United States, except for duties on imports, and also for all salaries and other debts and demands owing by the United States to individuals, corporations, and associations within the United States, except interest on the public debt, and in redemption of the national currency; that the rate of interest to be charged should be that allowed by the State or Territory where the bank should be located, and that any State bank might become a national bank under the act. By an act passed in March, 1867, it was provided that temporary loan-certificates, bearing 3 per cent. interest, might be issued to an amount not exceeding $50,000,000, and that such certificates might constitute for any national bank a part of the reserve provided for by law, provided that not less than three-fifths of the reserve of each bank should consist of lawful money of the United States. In January, 1868, an additional amount of $25,000,000 of temporary loan-certificates was authorized, and in July, 1870, prov
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Grierson, Benjamin Henry 1826- (search)
oyed 3,000 stand of arms, and inflicted a loss on their foes of property valued at $6,000,000. Grierson's loss was twenty-seven men and a number of horses. During the twenty-eight hours preceding the arrival of the raiders at Baton Rouge they had travelled 76 miles, engaged in four skirmishes, and forded the Comite River. Grierson declared that he found the Confederacy to be only a shell. This was in 1863. He was made major-general of volunteers in May, 1865, and for his services in the war was brevetted majorgeneral, United States army, in March, 1867. He had been commissioned lieutenant-colonel of United States cavalry in July, 1866. From 1868 till 1873 he was in command of the Indian Territory district, and was actively employed in campaigns against hostile Indians; and in 1873-81 was similarly engaged in western Texas and New Mexico. In 1886 he became commander of the District of New Mexico, and in 1890 he was retired with the rank of brigadier-general in the regular army.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Reynolds, Joseph Jones 1822-1899 (search)
Reynolds, Joseph Jones 1822-1899 Military officer; born in Flemingsburg, Ky., Jan. 4, 1822; graduated at West Point in 1843, where he was assistant professor from 1846 to 1855. He entered the service in the Civil War as colonel of the 10th Indiana Volunteers, and was made a brigadier-general in May, 1861. He was at first active in western Virginia, and then in the Army of the Cumberland, 1862-63. He was Rosecrans's chief of staff in the battle of Chickamauga, and in the summer of 1864 commanded the 19th Army Corps, and organized a force for the capture of Forts Morgan and Gaines, near Mobile. Late in 1864 he was placed in command of the Department of Arkansas, where he remained until April, 1866. In March, 1867, he was brevetted major-general, United States army; in 1867-72 commanded the 5th Military District; in 1871 was elected United States Senator from Texas, but declined; and in 1877 was retired. He died in Washington, D. C., Feb. 26, 1899.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), State of South Carolina, (search)
National troops, and for about four years afterwards kept up a warfare upon the life of the republic. At the close of the war a provisional governor was appointed (June 30, 1865) by the President, and in September a State convention, at Columbia, repealed the ordinance of secession, and declared slavery abolished. In October James L. Orr was chosen governor, with other State officers, and the government passed into their hands Dec. 25, 1865. This government continued until superseded (March, 1867) by military government, South and North Carolina being included in one military district. On Jan. 14, 1868, at a convention composed of thirty-four white people and sixty-three colored, a constitution was adopted, which was ratified at an election in April, 1869, by a large majority. Members of the legislature (72 white and 85 colored) and representatives in Congress were chosen. Reorganization was practically completed on the ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment, by the withdrawa
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Georgia, (search)
re appropriates $200,000 to buy corn for indigent poor of the State, and distributes it to 45,000 people......March 12, 1866 Legislature passes over the governor's veto a stay-law forbidding levy or sale under execution upon any contract or liability made or incurred prior to Jan. 1, 1865, or any subsequent renewal, except for one-third of the principal and interest, after Jan. 1, 1868, and one-third after each subsequent year ......1866 New constitution set aside by Congress......March, 1867 Maj.-Gen. John Pope assumes command of 3d Military District......April 1, 1867 Use of chain gang as a legal mode of punishment except in penitentiary discontinued......May 1, 1867 Republican State mass convention held at Atlanta adopts the name Union Republican party of Georgia, and pledges hearty support of reconstruction measures......July 4, 1867 Convention of native white citizens of Georgia, at Macon, under name of Conservative party of Georgia ......Dec. 5, 1867 Const
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Louisiana, (search)
ed military governor by the President......March 15, 1864 Convention at New Orleans to revise the constitution......April 6, 1864 Bureau of free labor, predecessor of the Freedmen's bureau, opened at New Orleans......1865 Governor Hahn resigning, is succeeded by Lieut.-Gov. J. M. Welles......March 4, 1865 Confederate Governor Allen resigns......June 2, 1865 Governor Welles re-elected......Nov. 6, 1865 [This government, though never recognized by Congress, continued until March, 1867.] Constitution of 1864 left the negroes still disfranchised; a convention, chiefly of blacks who wished to frame a new constitution, meets in New Orleans and results in a riot; several hundred negroes killed......July 30, 1866 Congress passes the military reconstruction act......March 2, 1867 General Sheridan appointed commander of the 5th Military District, Louisiana and Texas......March 19, 1867 General Sheridan removes Governor Wells for making himself an impediment to the
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