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Robert Underwood Johnson, Clarence Clough Buell, Battles and Leaders of the Civil War: The Opening Battles. Volume 1., Responsibilities of the first Bull Run. (search)
se for General Johnston, which, in this connection, will be of interest to the reader: It gives me pleasure to state that, from all the accounts received at the time, the plans of General Johnston for masking his withdrawal to form a junction with General Beauregard were conducted with marked skill ( Rise and fall, I., 347).-editors. As to Mr. Davis's telegram ( Rise and fall, I., 348） This telegram, sent in response to an inquiry from General Johnston, read as follows: Richmond, July 20, 1861.General J. E. Johnston, Manassas Junction, Virginia: You are a general in the Confederate Army, possessed of the power attaching to that rank. You will know how to make the exact knowledge of Brigadier-General Beauregard, as well of the ground as of the troops and preparation, avail for the success of the object in which you cooperate. The zeal of both assures me of harmonious action. Jefferson Davis., and the anxiety in Mr. Davis's mind lest there should be some unfortunate mi
Judith White McGuire, Diary of a southern refugee during the war, by a lady of Virginia, 1861. (search)
day before, near Manassas, and that another fight was hourly pending. The troops became wild with excitement. It is said that General Patterson has gone to join McDowell. I trust that General Johnston may get there in time. They were passing here from about four in the afternoon until a late hour in the night. After midnight the heavy army wagons were lumbering by, and we ever and anon heard the tap of the drum. We did not retire until all was still, and then none of us slept. July 20, 1861. R. P. arrived to-night from Norfolk. He passed Manassas yesterday, and saw J. very busy with the wounded. The fight of the 18th quite severe; the enemy were very decidedly repulsed; but another battle is imminent. We were shocked by the death of Major C. Harrison. J. wrote to his father. He fears to-morrow may be a bloody Sabbath. Oh, that Providence would now interpose and prevent further bloodshed! Oh, that strength may be given to our men. Let not the enemy overcome them.
Varina Davis, Jefferson Davis: Ex-President of the Confederate States of America, A Memoir by his Wife, Volume 2, Chapter 9: the President arrives in Richmond. (search)
eneral: I have had the honor to receive your telegram of yesterday. General Patterson, who had been at Bunker Hill since Monday, seems to have moved yesterday to Charleston, twenty-three miles east of Winchester. Unless he prevents it, we shall move toward General Beauregard to-day. Joseph E. Johnston. After Johnston moved to join Beauregard, he telegraphed an inquiry to Mr. Davis, regarding his relative rank to Beauregard, and the following answer was returned: Richmond, July 20, 1861. General J. E. Johnston, Manassas, Va. You are a General in the Confederate Army, possessed of the power attached to that rank. You will know how to make the exact knowledge of Brigadier-General Beauregard, as well of the ground as of the troops and preparation, avail for the success of the object in which you co-operate. The zeal of both assures me of harmonious action. Jefferson Davis. Though the date of General Johnston's commission gave him precedence, to avoid a misu
Benson J. Lossing, Pictorial Field Book of the Civil War. Volume 1., Chapter 25: the battle of Bull's Run, (search)
d of McDowell's force and position by spies and traitors, Beauregard was contemplating an attack upon the Nationals at Centreville at the same time. The orders for an advance and attack by McDowell and Beauregard were dated on the same day. July 20, 1861. The latter ordered the brigades of Ewell and Holmes to cross Bull's Run at Union Mill Ford, to be ready to support the attack on Centreville. The brigades of Jones and Longstreet were directed to cross at McLean's Ford, for the same purposehe Fourth and Fifth Divisions of his army to advance to the attack of Fairfax Court House by way of the Old Braddock Road, after the fall of Centreville. Beauregard's special and confidential orders, dated Headquarters Army of the Potomac, July 20, 1861. McDowell issued specific orders on the 20th, July, 1861. for the advance and method of attack by the three divisions chosen for the work. The troops were supplied with three days rations. The columns were to move at about two o'clock
Horace Greeley, The American Conflict: A History of the Great Rebellion in the United States of America, 1860-65: its Causes, Incidents, and Results: Intended to exhibit especially its moral and political phases with the drift and progress of American opinion respecting human slavery from 1776 to the close of the War for the Union. Volume I., Xxxi. The forces in conflict. (search)
s own luxury, sensuality, indolence, and pride, as Slavery does to those of the slaveholders, was either unjust, pernicious, or unprofitable. With greater truth and plausibility, Mr. Davis assured his Congress that There is every reason to believe that, at no distant day, other States, identical in political principles and community of interest with those which you represent, will join this Confederacy. This expectation was, in good part, fulfilled. When Mr. Davis was next July 20, 1861. called to address his Congress — which had meantime adjourned from Montgomery to Richmond — in announcing the transfer of the Executive departments likewise to the new capital, he said: Gentlemen of the Congress of the Confederate States of America: My Message addressed to you at the commencement of the last session contained such full information of the state of the Confederacy as to render it unnecessary that I should now do more than call your attention to such important facts
General Joseph E. Johnston, Narrative of Military Operations During the Civil War, Letters. (search)
Letters. Confidential. Headquarters Army of the Potomac, July 20, 1861. Special Order, No. — The following order is published for the information of division and brigade commanders: 1st. Brigadier-General Ewell's brigade will march via Union Mills Ford, and place itself in position of attack upon the enemy. It will be held in readiness, either to support attack upon Centreville, or to move in the direction of Sangster's Cross-roads, according to circumstances. The order to advntially as stated; and probably others of my staff. Yours very truly, M. L. Bonham. General J. E. Johnston. General McDowell's orders for the 21st of July were as follows: Headquarters Department Army of Eastern Virginia, Centreville, July 20, 1861. The enemy has planted a battery on the Warrenton turnpike to defend the passage of Bull Run; has seized the Stone Bridge and made a heavy abattis on the right bank, to oppose our advance in that direction. The ford above the bridge is a
Rebellion Record: a Diary of American Events: Documents and Narratives, Volume 2. (ed. Frank Moore), Battle of Bull Run. (search)
e Bridge. this battle is variously known as the battle of Bull Run, Manassas, and Stone Bridge. Headquarters, Department Army Eastern Va., Centreville, July 20, 1861. The enemy has planted a battery on the Warrenton turnpike to defend the passage of Bull Run; has seized the stone bridge and made a heavy abatis on the rig Fry, Adjutant-General. The following was General McDowell's order for the issue of rations: Headquarters, Department Northeastern Va., Centreville, July 20, 1861. The commanders of divisions will give the necessary orders that an equal distribution of the subsistence stores on hand may be made immediately to the diffe army at and in the vicinity of Centreville-sufficient for its subsistence for five days. In a circular from Department Headquarters, dated at Centreville, July 20, 1861, commanders of divisions were directed to give the necessary orders that an equal distribution of the subsistence stores on hand might be made immediately to t
Rebellion Record: a Diary of American Events: Documents and Narratives, Volume 2. (ed. Frank Moore), chapter 114 (search)
misfortune will not delay the attack on Manassas. On the contrary, it will hasten it. But I think that, instead of leading troops directly against batteries, whether masked or not, Gen. McDowell will turn their entire position. The movement of troops, to-night, indicates a purpose to throw the troops upon the north side of the intrenched camp, from this point, while other columns will approach it from other directions. The result will vindicate the movement. H. J. R. --N. Y. Times, July 20, 1861. N. Y. Tribune narrative. encampment near Bull Run, Friday, July 19, 1861. The skirmish of yesterday, as I have before intimated, was, after all, an affair of very slight consequence. It is true that an attempt upon the enemy's position was begun, and that it failed; but it was not made in force, and it occasioned us no serious loss. It is difficult to understand, even now, the precise intention of our Generals in arranging the attack. The preparations were too important fo
Rebellion Record: a Diary of American Events: Documents and Narratives, Volume 2. (ed. Frank Moore), Secession accounts of the fight. (search)
sippi regiment by mistake. The enemy were repulsed three different times with heavy loss. To use the expression of one of their men taken prisoner, they were slaughtered like sheep --among them several field-officers. F. L. Fred. Account by a Washington artillerist. The Memphis Avalanche, of July 26, has the following letter from a member of the Washington Artillery, to a sister living in Memphis. The writer graphically describes the battle at Bull Run: Culpepper, Va., July 20, 1861. Dear Sister Olivia: I suppose that ere this you have heard of the fight we had with the Yankees on the 18th inst. However, I will give you a correct history of it, or at least as near as I can. Our battalion (the New Orleans Washington Artillery) were stationed on a small creek called Bull Run, five miles north of Manassas Junction. On the morning of the 17th couriers came running into our camps, bringing the information that the enemy had taken Fairfax Court House, and were adv
Rebellion Record: a Diary of American Events: Poetry and Incidents., Volume 4. (ed. Frank Moore), Spies for Cincinnati. (search)
Spies for Cincinnati. Navy Department, Richmond, July 20, 1861. Lieut. Isaac N. Brown, Navy Confederate States, Memphis: Sir: I desire to learn, as early as practicable, the character of the vessels which it is said the enemy is preparing at Cincinnati. Reports and rumors declare that iron-clad or armored boats are being built, and that vessels are being thus altered; but the testimony of some reliable expert is deemed important. You will, therefore, do a good service by employing a competent man to proceed to that city and procure the desired information, to be communicated through you to this Department. A mechanic who could and would obtain means of accurately reporting the character of the vessels, whether steamers or not; and if steamers, whether propellers, their size and armament, and whether and to what extent they are protected by iron; in what manner it is secured, and its thickness. Such details as these, together with the number of vessels being prepared at C
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