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Jefferson Davis, The Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government, Chapter 1: (search)
f the states; and, with regard to the other, that no authority existed to prohibit the migration or importation of such persons as the states might think proper to admit, prior to the year 1808. So distinct and final was this statement of the limitations of the authority of Congress considered to be that, when a similar petition was presented two or three years afterward, the clerk of the House was instructed to return it to the petitioner. See Benton's Abridgment, Vol. I, p. 397. In 1807 Congress, availing itself of the very earliest moment at which the constitutional restriction ceased to be operative, passed an act prohibiting the importation of slaves into any part of the United States from and after the first day of January, 1808. This act was passed with great unanimity. In the House of Representatives there were one hundred thirteen (113) yeas to five (5) nays; it is a significant fact, as showing the absence of any sectional division of sentiment at that period, tha
Jefferson Davis, The Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government, Chapter 38: (search)
States, with a naval force insufficient to blockade effectively the coast of a single state, proclaimed a paper blockade of thousands of miles of coast, extending from the Capes of the Chesapeake to those of Florida, and encircling the Gulf of Mexico from Key West to the mouth of the Rio Grande. Compared with this monstrous pretension of the United States, the blockades known in history under the names of the Berlin and Milan Decrees, and the British Orders in Council, in the years 1806 and 1807, sink into insignificance. Those blockades were justified by the powers that declared them, on the sole ground that they were retaliatory; yet they have since been condemned by the publicists of those very powers as violations of international law. It will be remembered that those blockades evoked angry remonstrances from neutral powers, among which the United States were the most conspicuous, and were in their consequences the chief cause of the war between Great Britain and the United Stat
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Abolition. (search)
constitutions were adopted by Massachusetts, including Maine, in 1780, and by New Hampshire in 1783. Gradual abolition was secured by statute in Pennsylvania in 1780, in Rhode Island and Connecticut in 1784, in New York in 1799, and in New Jersey in 1804. Abolition of slavery in the Northwest Territory, north of the Ohio and east of the Mississippi, including the present States of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, and part of Minnesota, was secured by the Ordinance of 1787. In 1807, Congress passed an act for the abolition of the slave-trade on Jan. 1, 1808. Slavery in part of the Louisiana Purchase, including the present States of Iowa, Oregon, Kansas, Nebraska, part of Colorado, and part of Minnesota, was abolished by the Missouri compromise (q. v..), whose validity was rejected by the Supreme Court (see Dred Scott decision); but the provision for abolition was embodied in the constitutions of these States as they were severally admitted. In course of tine gradual a
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Abolitionists. (search)
. Other abolition societies followed — in Rhode Island in 1786, in Maryland in 1789, in Connecticut in 1790, in Virginia in 1791, and in New Jersey in 1792. These societies held annual conventions, and their operations were viewed by the more humane slave-holders with some favor, since they aimed at nothing practical or troublesome, except petitions to Congress, and served as a moral palliative to the continuance of the practice. The abolition of the African slave-trade by Great Britain in 1807, and by the United States in 1808, came as a great relief to the abolition societies, which had grown discouraged by the evident impossibility of effecting anything in the South, and were now ready to accept this success as the limit of possibility for the present. In 1801, Thomas Jefferson and Gov. James Monroe, of Virginia, had considerable correspondence on the subject of colonizing free blacks outside of the country. In the autumn of 1816, a society for this purpose was organized in Pr
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Aboville, Francois Marie, Count Da, (search)
Aboville, Francois Marie, Count Da, Military officer; born in Brest, France, in January, 1730; came to America with the rank of colonel during the Revolutionary War, and at the siege of Yorktown commanded Rochambeau's artillery. In 1788 he was commissioned a brigadier-general; in 1792 was commander of the French Army of the North; and in 1807 became governor of Brest with the rank of lieutenant-general. He supported the cause of the Bourbons and after the Restoration was made a peer. He died Nov. 1, 1817.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Adams, Charles Francis, 1807-1886 (search)
Adams, Charles Francis, 1807-1886 Statesman; born in Boston, Mass., Aug. 18, 1807; Charles Francis Adams. son of John Quincy Adams; was graduated at Harvard College in 1825. He accompanied his father to St. Petersburg and England, where he passed much of his childhood until the return of his family to America in 1817. Mr. Adams studied law in the office of Daniel Webster, and was admitted to the bar in 1828, but never practised it as a vocation. In 1829 he married a daughter of Peter C. Brooks, of Boston. For five years he was a member of the legislature of Massachusetts. Having left the Whig Party, he was a candidate of the free-soil party (q. v.) in 1848 for the Vice-Presidency of the United States. Mr. Van Buren being the candidate for the Presidency. They were defeated. In 1850-56 Mr. Adams published the Life and works of John Adams (his grandfather), in 10 volumes. In 1859 he was elected to Congress from the district which his father long represented. He was then a
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Agassiz, Louis John Rudolph, 1807-1873 (search)
Agassiz, Louis John Rudolph, 1807-1873 Naturalist; born in Motier parish, near Neuchatel, Switzerland, May 28. 1807. He was of Huguenot descent, was thoroughly educated at Heidelberg and Munich, and received the honorary degree of Ph.D. He prosecuted his studies in natural history in Paris, where Cuvier offered him his collection for the purpose. The liberality of Humboldt enabled him to publish his great work (1834-44) on Fossil fishes, in 5 volumes, with an atlas. He arrived in Boston in 1846, and lectured there Louis Agassiz. on the Animal Kingdom and on Glaciers. In the summer of 1847 the superintendent of the Coast Survey tendered him the facilities of that service for a continuance of his scientific investigations. Professor Agassiz settled in Cambridge, and was made Professor of Zoology and Geology of the Lawrence Scientific School at its foundation in 1848. That year he made. with some of his pupils, a scientific exploration of the shores of Lake Superior. He aft
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Albright, Jacob, -1808 (search)
Albright, Jacob, -1808 Clergyman; born near Pottstown, Pa., May 1, 1759. In youth he was a the-burner, but entered the Methodist ministry in 1790. He male many converts, almost exclusively among the Germans, and in 1800 a separate Church organization was formed for them. Albright becoming their first presiding elder. He was appointed bishop in 1807. His denomination is known as the Evangelical Association (q. v.). He died in 1808.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Alexander, Archibald, 1772- (search)
Alexander, Archibald, 1772- Theologian; born in Augusta (now Rockbridge) county. Va., April 17, 1772; was of Scotch descent, and became teacher in a Virginian family at the age of seventeen years. In 1791 he entered the ministry as an itinerant missionary in his native State. In 1789 he became president of Hampden-Sidney College; left it in 1801; married a daughter of Rev. Mr. Waddell, the celebrated blind preacher in Virginia, and afterwards (1807) became pastor of a Presbyterian church in Philadelphia. In 1810 he was elected president of Union College, Georgia, but did not accept it. On the establishment of the Theological Seminary at Princeton. N. J., in 1811, Dr. Alexander was chosen its first professor, which position he held until his death. Oct. 22, 1851. Among his numerous writings his Outlines of the evidences of Christianity, used as a text-book in several colleges, is most extensively known. It has passed through many editions in various languages.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Allen, William Henry, 1784- (search)
Allen, William Henry, 1784- Naval officer; born in Providence, R. I., Oct. 21, 1784; entered the navy as a midshipman in April, 1800, and sailed in the frigate George Washington to Algiers. He afterwards William Henry Allen. went to the Mediterranean in the Philadelphia, under Barron; then in the John Adams, under Rodgers; and in 1804 as sailing-master to the Congress. He was in the Frigate Constitution in 1805; and in 1807 he was third lieutenant of the Chesapeake when she was attacked by the Leopard. It was Lieutenant Allen who drew up the memorial of the officers of the Chesapeake to the Secretary of the Navy, urging the arrest and trial of Barron for neglect of duty. In 1809 he was made first lieutenant of the frigate United States, under Decatur. He behaved bravely in the conflict with the Macedonian; and after her capture took her safely into New York Harbor, Jan. 1, 1813. In July, 1813, he was promoted to master-commandant while he was on his voyage in the brig Angu
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