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Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), R. (search)
the proper acceptation of the term, the grooves being straight and intended merely to prevent fouling of the bore and facilitate cleaning. The grooves were made spiral by Koster of Birmingham, England, about 1620. In Berlin is a rifled cannon of 1664, with 13 grooves, and one in Munich of perhaps equal antiquity has 8 grooves. The French Carabineers had rifled arms in 1692. Pere Daniel, who wrote in 1693, mentions rifling the barrels of small-arms, and the practice was apparently well knowlver plates, it being so small, that Browne, that made it, cannot get one to do it. So I got Cocker [the celebrated arithmetician, Ob. 1679], the famous writing master, to do it, and I set an hour by him, to see him design it all. — Pepys's Diary, 1664. Rules. Some rules have a slider in one leg; in Gunter's scale this is graduated and engraved with figures, enabling various simple computations to be made mechanically. When Dalton (who died in 1844, aet. 78) made known his discovery of
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), S. (search)
（Architecture.) A hollow, curved molding. It occurs in the base of the Ionic column, and also in the projecting angle of the Doric corona. Synonymous with cavetto. Sco′to-graph. An instrument to assist in writing in the dark or without seeing. Sco′to-scope. An optical instrument by which objects may be discerned in the dark. The scotoscope he [Mr. Reeve] gives me, and is of value; and a curious curiosity it is to discover objects in a dark room with. — Pepys's. Diary, 1664. Scots′man. （Nautical.) See Scotchman. Scour′ing. 1. (Woolen-manufacture.) The pounding of woven woolen cloth by mallets in a trough provided with a detergent and water, in order to remove the oil and acquired dirt incident to its deck-load. The example shows one strongly trussed, to prevent sagging or hogging. Scrap. 1. The integuments that remain after the rendering of fat. 2. Broken iron, cast or wrought, for remelting or reworking. Scrap-book. A bla
Knight's Mechanical Encyclopedia (ed. Knight), T. (search)
. The annals of China place the use of the leaf at a very remote date. It was introduced into Japan in the ninth century A. D., but was not brought to Europe till some seven centuries later. It was about the middle of the seventeenth century (1664) that the East India Company presented to the queen of England a package of two pounds of tea, then valued at forty shillings a pound. About the same time some Russian ambassadors returned to Moscow, bringing some carefully packed green tea, whicic intensity of the earth alone. The-or′bo. （Music.) A large lute, having two heads, to each of which strings are attached. One slovenly and ugly fellow, Signor Pedro, who sings Italian songs to the theorbo most neatly. — Pepys's Diary, 1664. Ther′mal a-larm′. An attachment for giving indication of a hot-bearing. A tube j has a plug l of such material or alloy as will melt at the degree at which it is desired the alarm should be given. See table of fusible alloys, page
The Cambridge of eighteen hundred and ninety-six: a picture of the city and its industries fifty years after its incorporation (ed. Arthur Gilman), The Protestant churches of Cambridge. (search)
ignation of his office and his removal from Cambridge. But he asked that his burial might be in Cambridge, and so it was. By a singular error, the slab which bears the record of his virtues has been for many years over Mitchel's grave. Another incident in this pastorate was the setting off of the people of Cambridge Village, on the south side of the river, and more than four miles from the meeting-house, that they might have separate services. This was strongly objected to, but at last, in 1664, a new church was organized, and it has had a good history as the First Church in Newton. Rev. Urian Oakes was the minister here from 1671 for ten years, and acting-president and president of the college from 1675 to 1681. Rev. Nathaniel Gookin, son of the famous Major-General Daniel Gookin, assisted Mr. Oakes for two years, and followed him as the pastor of the church from 1682 to 1692. In his time, the people of Cambridge Farms, now Lexington, were begging to be set off as a separate prec
Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Henry Walcott Boynton, Reader's History of American Literature, chapter 13 (search)
mouth. 1620. William Bradford's Hitory of Plymouth plantation. 1626. George Sandys's Translation of the first fifteen books of Ovid's Metamorphoses. 1630-1648. John Winthrop's History of New England. 1640. The Bay Psalm book by Richard Mather, John Eliot, etc. 1640. (The first book printed in America.) 1647. Nathaniel Ward's The simple Cobbler of Agawam. 1650. Anne Bradstreet's The Tenth Muse lately sprung up in America. 1662. Michael Wigglesworth's The day of doom. 1664. New Amsterdam became New York. 1673-1729. Samuel Sewall's Diary. 1675. King Philip's War. 1682. Philadelphia founded by Penn. 1689. Cotton Mather's Memorable Providences 1702. Cotton Mather's Magnalia 1706. Franklin born. 1729. William Byrd's History of the dividing line. 1732. Washington born. 1732. Franklin's Poor Richard's almanac begun. 1745. Braddock defeated. 1754. Jonathan Edwards's Freedom of the will. 1764. Otis's Rights of the British colonies.
Thomas Wentworth Higginson, Atlantic Essays, The Puritan minister. (search)
he Puritan minister had public duties also upon him. New England being a country, said Cotton Mather, whose interests are remarkably enwrapped in theological circumstances, ministers ought to interest themselves in politics. Indeed, for many years they virtually controlled the franchise, inasmuch as only male church-members could vote or hold office, at least in the Massachusetts Colony. Those malecontents who petitioned to enlarge the suffrage were fined and imprisoned in 1646, and even in 1664 the only amendment was by permitting non-church-members to vote on a formal certificate to their orthodoxy from the minister. The government they aimed at was not democracy, but theocracy. God never did ordain democracy as a fit government, said Cotton. Accordingly, when Cotton and Ward framed their first code, Ward's portion was rejected by the Colony as heathen,--that is, based on Greek and Roman models, not Mosaic,--and Cotton's was afterwards rebuked in England as fanatical and absurd.
Edward L. Pierce, Memoir and letters of Charles Sumner: volume 4, Chapter 55: Fessenden's death.—the public debt.—reduction of postage.— Mrs. Lincoln's pension.—end of reconstruction.—race discriminations in naturalization.—the Chinese.—the senator's record.—the Cuban Civil War.—annexation of San Domingo.—the treaties.—their use of the navy.—interview with the presedent.—opposition to the annexation; its defeat.—Mr. Fish.—removal of Motley.—lecture on Franco-Prussian War.—1869-1870. (search)
truction and specie payments in bills which he introduced at the beginning of the session, Dec. 7, 1869, Works, vol. XIII. pp. 184, 185; Jan. 12, 1870, Ibid., pp. 234-236. The New York Evening Post, in its leader (January 13), wrote approvingly of his scheme. and maintained them in a series of instructive speeches. Jan. 12, 26, Feb. 1, March 2, 10, 11, 1870, Works, vol. XIII. pp. 237-298; January 31, Congressional Globe, p. 908; March 2, Globe, p. 1634; March 3, Globe, pp. 1660, 1663, 1664; March 9, Globe, p. 1795; March 10, Globe, pp. 1839, 1841; March 11, Globe, pp. 1861, 1871. Except Sherman, no senator at this session contributed so much to the debate on the refunding and consolidation of the public debt. He succeeded in modifying in some points the committee's bill, but in his insistence on definite measures of resumption he was in advance of his associates. Sumner had from his first entrance into the Senate taken a constant interest in the reduction of postage, both o
Cambridge sketches (ed. Estelle M. H. Merrill), Historic churches and homes of Cambridge. (search)
nd of these were Shepard, Cotton, Wilson, Harlakenden, Stoughton, Dudley and Winthrop. Thus from the first, college interests were closely linked to those of the First Church. Church and State were one in those days; Christo et Ecclesiae was the college motto. In 1638 Newtowne became Cambridge, and the same year the college was called Harvard. Its first leader, Nathaniel Eaton, for maltreating his pupils was dismissed, and for a time Samuel Shepard administered the college affairs. In 1664, however, Henry Dunster became president. He was a member of Shepard Church, as was also Elijah Corlet, master of the Faire Grammar School, on the site of which the Washington Grammar School now stands. In 1642 the first college commencement was held in the First Church. In 1649 a new church was erected on nearly the present site of Dane Hall at Harvard Square. In this same year, before the church was completed, Mr. Shepard died. We have the record of him as the holy, heavenly, sweet-af
Lucius R. Paige, History of Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1630-1877, with a genealogical register, Chapter 7: civil History. (search)
, XVIII. 47, 48. This letter, manifesting the same spirit which was exhibited a hundred years afterwards,—personal loyalty to the King, but an unwillingness to submit to the arbitrary government of a Council or Parliament in which they were not represented,— was not satisfactory to the English Government; and after some further correspondence, a board of commissioners, consisting of Col. Richard Nichols, Sir Robert Carr, George Cartwright, Esq., and Samuel Maverick, Esq., was appointed in 1664, to visit the New England Colonies and enforce their subjection. A long controversy, shrewdly managed on the part of the Court, resulted in the departure of the commissioners without having accomplished their object. The inhabitants of Cambridge were not backward in rendering encouragement to their magistrates. At a special session, commencing Oct. 19, 1664,— The Court being met together and informed that several persons, inhabitants of Cambridge, were at the door and desiring liber<
Lucius R. Paige, History of Cambridge, Massachusetts, 1630-1877, with a genealogical register, Chapter 9: civil History. (search)
hither again; which made him take a more particular leave than otherwise he would have done. Sixth day, Nov. 10, 1699. Mr. Danforth is entombed about 1/4 of an hour before 4 P. M. Very fair and pleasant day; much company. Bearers: on the right side, Lt-Governor, Mr. Russell, Sewall; left side, Mr. W. Winthrop, Mr. Cook, Col. Phillips. I helped lift the corpse into the tomb, carrying the feet. In the long and perilous conflict on behalf of chartered rights, Gookin and Danforth were supported by their brethren the Deputies from Cambridge, all good men and true. Deacon Edward Collins was Deputy from 1654 to 1670, without intermission; Edward Oakes, 1659, 1660, 1669-1681; Richard Jackson, 1661, 1662; Edward Winship, 1663, 1664, 1681-1686; Edward Jackson, 1665-1668, 1675, 1676; Joseph Cooke, 1671, 1676-1680; Thomas Prentice, 1672-1674; Samuel Champney, 1686, and again, after the Revolution, from 1689 to 1695, when he died in office. Their names should be in perpetual remembrance.
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