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Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), New Netherland. (search)
Netherland soon passed into the possession of the English. Charles II. granted the province of New Netherland to his brother James, Duke of York, without competent authority, and, having the power, the duke took possession by an armed force in 1664, and ruled it by governors appointed by himself. The name of the province was changed to New York. In 1673, the English and Dutch were again at war. A Surrender of Fort Amsterdam. Dutch squadron, after capturing many English trading vessels d of the Indians by the Dutch some time before. The argument was unanswerable. Here the controversy about jurisdiction ceased, but the matter was never adjusted between the Dutch and English. On the surrender of New Netherland to the English (1664) and the change of its name to New York, the commissioners to whom the conquest of the Dutch province and the settlement of troubles in New England had been intrusted, proceeded to define the boundary between the colonies of New York and Connectic
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), New York, colony of (search)
ew Netherland. Finally serious political troubles overtook the colony. From the beginning of the settlement the English claimed New Netherland as a part of Virginia, resting their claim upon the discovery of Cabot. In 1622 the English minister at The Hague demanded the abandonment of the Dutch settlements on the Hudson. Five years afterwards Governor Bradford, of Plymouth, gave notice to Governor Minuit that the patent of New England covered the domain of New Netherland. In the spring of 1664 Charles II. granted to his brother James, Duke of York, all New Netherland, including the region of country between the Hudson and Delaware rivers; and in August the same year an English fleet appeared before New Amsterdam and demanded its surrender. Governor Stuyvesant resisted for a while, but was compelled to comply, and the whole territory claimed by the Dutch passed into the possession of the English on Sept. 8, 1664. At the treaty of peace between England and Holland, the Dutch w
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Penn, William 1644- (search)
rm to the worship of the Established Church, or to wear the surplice, or gown, of the student. He and his companions even went so far as to strip some of the students of their robes, for which he was expelled from the college. For this offence his father beat him and turned him out of the house. The mother reconciled them, and the youth was sent to France, with the hope that gay society in Paris might redeem him from his almost morbid soberness. It failed to do so, and, on his return, in 1664, in compliance with the wishes of his father, he became a student of law. The great fire in London, in 1665, drove him from the city and deepened his serious convictions. Then he was sent to the management of his father's estates, near Cork, Ireland, where he again fell in with Thomas Loe, and became a Quaker in all but garb. On returning to England, his father tried to persuade him to conform to the customs of polite society, but he steadily refused. He soon became a Quaker preacher and
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Regicides, the (search)
st them and take them back to England. Feeling insecure at Cambridge, the regicides fled to New Haven, where the Rev. Mr. Davenport and the citizens generally did what they could to protect them. Learning that their pursuers were near, they hid in caves, in clefts of rocks, in mills, and other obscure places, where their friends supplied their wants. There is still to be seen in New Haven the cave, known as the Judges' Cave, wherein they took refuge from the King's officers. Finally, in 1664, they went to Hadley, Mass., where they remained, in absolute seclusion, in the house of Rev. Mr. Russell, for about fifteen years. Dixwell was with Whalley and Goffe most of the time until they died—the former in 1678, and the latter in 1679—and were buried at New Haven. Dixwell lived at New Haven under the assumed name of James Davids. He was twice married, leaving three children. He died in New Haven, March 18, 1689, in the eighty-second year of his age. In the burying-ground in the rea
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Representative government. (search)
ir proceedings by his presence. They bluntly told him there would be another convention soon, and he might prevent it if he could. He stormed, but prudently yielded to the demands of the people for another convention, and issued a call. The delegates met (Dec. 10, 1653) in New Amsterdam. Of the eight districts represented, four were Dutch and four English. Of the nineteen delegates, ten were Dutch and nine English. Baxter, English secretary of the colony, led the English delegates. He drew up a remonstrance against the tyrannous rule of the governor. Stuyvesant met the severe document with his usual pluck, denouncing it and the Assembly, every member of which signed it; and until the end of his administration (1664) he was at swords' points with the representatives of the people, who more and more acquired legislative functions under Dutch and English rule until the beginning of the eighteenth century, when the Assembly was the most powerful branch of the colonial government.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Southampton, (search)
Southampton, A town in Suffolk county, N. Y., on the south shore of Long Island. It is noted as the oldest English settlement in the State; was known by the Indians as Agawam; settled by colonists from Massachusetts in 1640; passed under the jurisdiction of Connecticut in 1645; and has belonged to New York since 1664, when it was granted to the Duke of York. The town is also noted for having been occupied by the British during the Long Island campaign in the Revolutionary War, and for possessing the remains of a defensive work of that time.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), States, origin of the names of (search)
ndian), whitish water. Mississippi (Indian), great, long river. Missouri (Indian), muddy river. Nebraska (Indian), water valley, or shallow river. Nevada, a Spanish word. New Hampshire, so named by George Mason after Hampshire, a county in England. New Jersey, so called in honor of Sir George Carteret, one of its proprietors. who had been governor of the island of Jersey, in the British Channel. New York, so named in compliment to the Duke of York, to whom the territory was granted in 1664. Carolina, North and South, so named in compliment to Charles II. (Latin Carolus), who granted the colonial charter. Ohio (Indian), O-hee-yuh (Seneca) beautiful river. The French spell it O-y-o. Oregon, from oregano (Spanish)., the wild marjoram, which grows abundantly on the Pacific coast. Pennsylvania, Penn's woods, so named in honor of Admiral Penn, to whose son William it was granted by Charles II. Rhode Island, a corruption of Roode Islandt, Red Island, so named by the Dutch traders
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Stuyvesant, Peter 1602-1682 (search)
d to the pressure of changing circumstances around him. Finally, when an English military and naval force came from England to assert the claim of the Duke of York to New Netherland, and revolutionary movements occurred on Long Island, his troubles tried him most severely; but his fortitude and obstinacy never forsook him. When Col. Richard Nicolls appeared Sounding machine on a cable steamer. with four ships-of-war and 450 soldiers operated by in front of New Amsterdam (August, tion. 1664) and demanded the surrender of the province (Aug. 31), he found his alienated people willing to submit to English rule. Yet he stoutly refused the demand. Nicolls sent Governor Winthrop, of Connecticut, with a letter to Stuyvesant, repeating his demand. He laid it before the council, who said, Read it to the people. Stuyvesant would not. The council and magistrates insisted that he should, when the enraged governor, who had fairly earned the title of Peter the headstrong, unable to contro
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Connecticut, (search)
York all land west of the Connecticut River......1675 Major Andros appears before the fort at Saybrook with an armed force and demands its surrender......July 11, 1675 [It is refused by Captain Bull, and the patent and commission forbidden to be read.] War with Philip, sachem of the Wampanoags......1675 Connecticut furnishes 315 men in the fight at Narraganset fort......Dec. 19, 1675 Death of Gov. John Winthrop......April 5, 1676 Boundary between Connecticut and New York of 1664 superseded by that of......1683 Sir Edmund Andros, the royal governor, comes to Hartford and demands the charter in the name of King James II......Oct. 31, 1687 [After a long discussion in the assembly, early in the evening the lights are extinguished, and the charter is taken from the table and secreted by Capt. Willliam Wadsworth, of Hartford, in a hollow oak-tree, known since as the charter oak, on the estate of the Wyllyses, across the river.] Sir Edmund Andros assumes the gove
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Massachusetts (search)
w Netherland. They bring four commissioners to arrange affairs in New England—viz., Col. Richard Nicolls, Sir Robert Carr, Col. George Cartwright, and Samuel Maverick, who reach Boston......July 23, 1664 Governor Endicott dies (aged seventy-seven)......May 3, 1665 Massachusetts ordered by the English government to send agents to England to answer for refusing the commissioners jurisdiction; she replies evasively......1666 Baptists form a church in Boston, first in Massachusetts......1664-68 Church of Massachusetts debates with Baptists at Boston......April 14, 1668 Title of reverend first applied to the clergy of New England......1670 Two young married Quaker women walk naked through the towns of Newbury and Salem, in emulation of the prophet Ezekiel, as a sign of the nakedness of the land......1671 George Fox, founder and apostle of the Quakers, comes to Rhode Island, but does not venture into Massachusetts......1672 Governor Bellingham dies in office......167
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