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HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF MEDFORD, Middlesex County, Massachusetts, FROM ITS FIRST SETTLEMENT, IN 1630, TO THE PRESENT TIME, 1855. (ed. Charles Brooks), Chapter 6: ecclesiastical history. (search)
ers and messengers being assembled at the house of Br. John Bradshaw, the first thing they did was the gathering a church; which was done by a number of the brethren's signing to a covenant prepared for that purpose. By a law of the General Court, passed March 3, 1636, each church must be recognized and approved by the magistrates soon after its organization; otherwise its members cannot be admitted as freemen of the Commonwealth. The Medford church was so approved. Maiden was fined, in 1651, for settling a minister without the consent of the neighboring churches or the allowance of the magistrates. Covenant.--We, whose names are hereunto subscribed, apprehending ourselves called of God to join together in church communion (acknowledging ourselves unworthy of such a privilege, and our inability to keep covenant with God, or to perform any spiritual duty, unless Christ shall enable thereunto), in humble dependence on free grace for divine assistance and acceptance, we do, i
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Attiwandaronk Indians, (search)
Attiwandaronk Indians, Members of the family of the Hurons and Iroquois, named by the French the Neutral Nation. In early times they inhabited both banks of the Niagara River, but were mostly in Canada. They were first visited in 1627 by the Recollet Father Daillon, and by Brebeuf and Chaumonot in 1642. The Iroquois attacked them in 1651-53, when a part of them submitted and joined the Senecas. and the remainder fled westward and joined the remnant of the fallen Hurons on the borders of Lake Superior.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Bennet, or Bennett, Richard, (search)
Bennet, or Bennett, Richard, Colonial governor; was appointed one of the Virginia commissioners to reconcile Virginia to the administration of Oliver Cromwell in 1651. In 1654 the Maryland royalists, under the instigation of Lord Baltimore, revolted, and intercolonial hostilities followed, resulting in a victory for the Virginians under Governor Bennet. During the night of March 25, 1655, many prisoners were taken, including the royalist Governor Stone. Some of these were afterwards executed.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Claiborne, or Clayborne, William 1589- (search)
y decided that Claiborne might go to England to justify his conduct before the home government. A court of inquiry—held three years afterwards to investigate the matter—resulted in a formal indictment of Claiborne, and a bill of attainder passed against him. Thomas Smith, next in rank to Warren, was hanged. Claiborne, who was now treasurer of Virginia, retaliated against Maryland by stirring up civil war there, and, expelling Gov. Leonard Calvert (1645), assumed the reins of government. In 1651 Claiborne was appointed, by the council of state in England, one of the commissioners for reducing Virginia to obedience to the commonwealth ruled by Parliament; and he also took part in governing Maryland by a commission. He was soon afterwards made secretary of the colony of Virginia, and held the office until after the restoration of monarchy (1660) in England. Claiborne was one of the court that tried the captured followers of Nathaniel Bacon (q. v.). He resided in New Kent county, Va.,
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Clarke, John 1609-1676 (search)
shire, England, Oct. 8, 1609; emigrated to Boston in 1637, but, espousing the cause of Anne Hutchinson (q. v.), and claiming full toleration in religious belief, he was obliged to flee. He was welcomed to Providence by Roger Williams. He was one of the company who gained Rhode Island from the Indians, and began a settlement at Pocasset in 1638. A preacher of the Gospel, he founded, at Newport (1664), the second Baptist church in America. He was treasurer of the colony in 1649. Mr. Clarke was persecuted while visiting friends in Massachusetts, and driven out of the colony. He accompanied Williams to England in 1651 as agent for the colony, where he remained nearly twelve years, and returned (1663) with a second charter for Rhode Island. He resumed his pastorate at Newport, where for three successive years he was deputygovernor of the colony. His publications include Ill news from New England; Or a narrative of New England's persecution. He died in Newport, R. I., April 20, 1676.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Coddington, William 1601- (search)
Coddington, William 1601- Founder of Rhode Island; born in Lincolnshire, England, in 1601; came to America in 1630 as a magistrate of Massachusetts appointed by the crown. He was a prosperous merchant in Boston, but, taking the part of Anne Hutchinson (q. v.), he was so persecuted that, with eighteen others, he removed to the island of Aquidneck (now Rhode Island), where, on the organization of a government, he was appointed judge, or chief ruler. In March, 1640, Coddington was elected governor, and held the office seven years. He went to England in 1651, and in 1674-75 he was again governor. He adopted the tenets of the Quakers. He died Nov. 1, 1678.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Davenant, Sir William, 1605-1668 (search)
nkeeper, at whose house Shakespeare often stopped while on his journeys between Stratford and London, and who noticed the boy. Young Davenant left college without a degree. Shoving much literary talent, he was encouraged in writing plays by persons of distinction, and on the death of Ben Jonson in 1637 he was made poet-laureate. He adhered to the royal cause during the civil war in England, and escaped to France, where he became a Roman Catholic. After the death of his King he projected (1651) a colony of French people in Virginia, the only American province that adhered to royalty, and, with a vessel filled with French men, women, and children, he sailed for Virginia. The ship was captured by a parliamentary cruiser, and the passengers were landed in England, where the life of Sir William was spared, it is believed, by the intervention of John Milton, the poet, who was Cromwell's Latin secretary. Sir William had a strong personal resemblance to Shakespeare, and it was currently
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Fenelon, Francois de Salignac de La Mothe-fenelon 1651-1715 (search)
Fenelon, Francois de Salignac de La Mothe-fenelon 1651-1715 French prelate; born in Dordogne, France, Aug. 6, 1651; was sent to Canada while yet inferior in orders, and, during his missionary service there, he so boldly attacked the public authorities for their shortcomings that Frontenac had him arrested, while serving in the Seminary of St. Sulpice, and put in prison. It is believed that this noted archbishop, orator, and author received many hints, while engaged in missionary work in Canada, which were subsequently put into telling form in his noted Aventures de Telemaque (1699). He died in Cambria, France, Jan. 7, 1715.
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), James ii., 1633-1671 (search)
of England; born in St. James's Palace, London, Oct. 14, 1633; son of Charles I. and Henrietta Maria. During the civil war, in which his father lost his head, James and his brother Gloucester and sister Elizabeth were under the guardianship of the Duke of Northumberland, and lived in the palace. When the overthrow of monarchy appeared inevitable, in 1648, he fled to the Netherlands, with his mother and family, and he was in Paris when Charles I. was beheaded. He entered the French service (1651), and then the Spanish (1655), and was treated with much consideration by the Spaniards. His brother ascended the British throne in 1660 as Charles ii., and the same year James married Anne Hyde, daughter of the Earl of Clarendon. She died in 1671, and two years afterwards, James married Maria Beatrice Eleanor, a princess of the House of Este, of Modena, twenty-five years younger than himself. While in exile James had become a Roman Catholic, but did not acknowledge it until 1671. He had
Harper's Encyclopedia of United States History (ed. Benson Lossing), Massachusetts, (search)
tter that the laws should be taken from the Scriptures rather than on the authority of the wisdom and justice of those heathen commonwealths. The Body of liberties compiled by Mr. Ward was really the first constitution of Massachusetts Bay. In 1651 Roger Williams and John Clarke were appointed agents to seek in England a confirmation of the Rhode Island charter. Before their departure, Mr. Clarke, with Mr. Crandall and Obadiah Holmes, delegates from the Baptist Church in Newport, visited 4 governors of the Massachusetts colonies— Continued. Massachusetts Bay colony. Name.Term. John Endicott1644 to 1645 Thomas Dudley1645 to 1646 John Winthrop1646 to 1649 John Endicott1649 to 1650 Thomas Dudley1650 to 1651 John Endicott1651 to 1654 Richard Bellingham1654 to 1655 John Endicott1655 to 1665 Richard Belling1665 to 1673 John Leverett1673 to 1679 Simon Bradstreet1679 to 1684 Joseph Dudley, president1684 to 1686 Sir Edmund Andros, governor-general1686 to 1689 Thomas
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