Bellutus, C. Sici'nius
was the leader of the plebs in their secession to the Sacred Mountain, B. C. 494, and was afterwards one of the first tribunes of the plebs elected in that year. (Liv. 2.32, 33; Dionys. A. R. 6.45, 70, 72, 82, 89.)
He was plebeian aedile in 492 (Dionys. A. R. 7.14), and tribune again in 491, when he distinguished himself by his attacks upon Coriolanus, who was brought to trial in that year. (Dionys. A. R. 7.33-39, 61.) Asconius calls him (in Cornel. p. 76, ed. Orelli) L. Sicinius L. f. Bellutus.
It is most probable that his descendants, one of whom we are expressly told was tribune in B. C. 449 (Liv. 3.54), also bore the cognomen Bellutus; but as they are not mentioned by this name in ancient writers, they are given under SICINIUS.
uthority of Aeschines the Socratic, speaks of a capital prosecution instituted against him on extremely weak grounds. Aristeides, who was his cousin, was a witness on the trial, which must therefore have tatken place before B. C. 468, the probable date of Aristeides' death. In Herodotus (7.151) Callias is mentioned as ambassador from Athens to Artaxerxes; and this statement we might identify with that of Diodorus, who ascribes to the victories of Cimon, through the negotiation of Callias, B. C. 449, a peace with Persia on terms most humiliating to the latter, were it not that extreme suspicion rests on the whole account of the treaty in question. (Paus. 1.8; Diod. 12.4; Wesselling, ad loc.; Mitford's Greece, ch. xi. sec. 3, note 11; Thirlwall's Greece, vol. iii. pp. 37, 38, and the authorities there referred to; Böckh, Publ. Econ. of Athens, b. iii. ch. 12, b. iv. ch. 3.) Be this as it may, he did not escape impeachment after his return on the charge of having taken bribes, and was c
ius Varus. A lex de multae sacramento which was carried in his consulship, is mentioned by Festus (s. v. peculatus, comp. Cic. de Re Publ. 2.35; Liv. 3.31; Dionys. A. R. 10.48, 50).
After the close of their office both consuls were accused by a tribune of the people for having sold the booty which they had made in the war against the Aequians, and giving the proceeds to the aerarium instead of distributing it among the soldiers. Both were condemned notwithstanding the violent opposition of the senate. In B. C. 449, when the Roman army advanced towards Rome to revenge the murder of Virginia, and had taken possession of the Aventine, Sp. Tarpeius was one of the two ambassadors whom the senate sent to the revolted army to remonstrate with then.
In the year following, he and A. Aternius, though both were patricians, were elected tribunes of the plebs by the cooptation of the college to support the senate in its opposition to the rogation of the tribune L. Trebonius. (Liv. 3.50, 55.) [L.S]
Crates
（*Kra/ths), of ATHENS, a comic poet, of the old comedy, was a younger contemporary of Cratinus, in whose plays he was the principal actor before he betook himself to writing comedies. (D. L. 4.23; Aristoph. Kn. 536-540, and Schol.; Anon. de Com. p. xxix.)
He began to flourish in Ol. 82. 4, B. C. 449, 448 (Euseb. Chron.), and is spoken of by Aristophanes in such a way as to imply that he was dead before the Knights was acted, Ol. 88. 4, B. C. 424.
With respect to the character of his dramas, there is a passage in Aristotle (Aristot. Poet. 5) which has been misunderstood, but which seems simply to mean, that, instead of making his comedies vehicles of personal abuse, he chose such subjects as admitted of a more general mode of depicting character.
This is confirmed by the titles and fragments of his plays and by the testimony of the Anonymous writer on Comedy respecting his imitator, Pherecrates (p. xxix). His great excellence is attested by Aristophanes, though in a somewhat ir
437, and when he was more than 80 years old.
This date is suspicious in itself, and is falsified by circumstantial evidence. For example, in one fragment he blames the tardiness of Pericles in completing the long walls which we know to have been finished in B. C. 451, and there are a few other fragments which evidently belong to an earlier period than the 85th Olympiad. Again, Crates the comic poet acted the plays of Cratinus before he began to write himself ; but Crates began to write in B. C. 449-448. We can therefore have no hesitation in preferring the date of Eusebius (Chron. s. a. Ol. 81. 3; Syncell. p. 339), although he is manifestly wrong in joining the name of Plato with that of Cratinus.
According to this testimony, Cratinus began to exhibit in B. C. 454-453, in about the 66th year of his age.
Of his personal history very little is known. His father's name was Callimedes, and he himself was taxiarch of the *Fulh/ *Oi)nh/i+s. (Suid. s. vv. *Krati=nos, *)Ereiou= deilo/teros
Dui'lius
1. M. Duilius, was tribune of the plebs in B. C. 471, in which year the tribunes were for the first time elected in the comitia of the tribes.
In the year following, M. Duilius and his colleague, C. Sicinus, summoned Appius Claudius Sabinus, the consul of the year previous, before the assembly of the people, for the violent opposition he made to the agrarian law of Sp. Cassius. [CLAUDIUS, No. 2.] Twenty-two years later, B. C. 449, when the commonalty rose against the tyranny of the decemvirs, he acted as one of the champions of his order, and it was on his advice that the plebeians migrated from the Aventine to the Mons Sacer. When the decemvirs at length were obliged to resign, and the commonalty had returned to the Aventine, M. Duilius and C. Sicinus were invested with the tribuneship a second time, and Duilius immediately proposed and carried a rogation, that consuls should be elected, from whose sentence an appeal to the people should be left open.
He then carried a pleb
Fu'rius
2. Q. Furius was pontifex maximus in B. C. 449 : when the plebs returned from its secession to the Aventine, Q. Furious held the comitia at which the first tribunes of the plebs were appointed. (Liv. 3.54.)
olent this year as previously.
The consuls marched against the Veientes; but as the enemy did not appear in the field, they returned to Rome, after only laying waste the Veientine territory. (Dionys. A. R. 8.90, 91; Liv. 2.43.)
This C. Julius was a member of the first decemvirate, B. C. 451, and it is recorded as an instance of the moderation of the first decemvirs, that, though there was no appeal from their sentence, Julius, notwithstanding, accused before the people in the comitia centuriata P. Sestius, a man of patrician rank, in whose house the corpse of a murdered person had been found, when he might have himself passed sentence upon the criminal. (Liv. 3.33; Cic. de Rep. 2.36; Dionys. A. R. 10.56; Diod. 12.23.) C. Julius is again mentioned in B. C. 449, as one of the three consulars who were sent by the senate to the plebeians when they had risen in arms against the second decemvirate, and were encamped upon the Aventine. (Liv. 3.50; Ascon. in Cic. Cornel. p. 77, ed. Baiter.)
Maluginensis
2. L. Cornelius Ser. F. P. N. MALUGINENSIS, consul B. C. 459 with Q. Fabius Vibulanus.
The consuls of this year carried on war against the Volsci and the Aequi with great glory and success.
According to some accounts Maluginensis took Antium, and we learn front the triumphal Fasti that he obtained a triumph for his victory over the Antiates. (Liv. 3.22-24; Dionys. A. R. 10.20, 21; Diod. 11.86.)
He is mentioned as one of the defenders in the senate of the second decemvirate in B. C. 449, because his brother Marcus was one of the number (Liv. 3.40; Dionys. A. R. 11.15); but if we can rely upon the Fasti, in which Marcus is called SER., L. F. N., we must understand frater and a)delfo/s to mean first cousin, and not brother.
Mani'lius
1. SEX. MANILIUS, was elected with M. Oppius, as the commander of the soldiers, in their secession to the Aventine during the second decemvirate, B. C. 449 (Liv. 3.51).
He is called Manlius (*Ma/lios) by Dionysius (11.44).
