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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith) | 24 | 24 | Browse | Search |
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422
B.C.The next year
Alcaeus was archon in Athens and in Rome the consuls were Opiter Lucretius and Lucius Sergius
Fideniates. During this year the Athenians, accusing the Delians of secretly concluding an
alliance with the Lacedaemonians, expelled them from the island and took their city for their
own. To the Delians who had been expelled the satrap Pharniaces gave the city of
AdramytiumOn the coast of Asia Minor north-east of Lesbos.
to dwell in. The Athenians
elected as general Cleon, the leader of the popular party, and supplying him with a strong body
of infantry sent him to the regions lying off Thrace.
He sailed to Scione, where he added to his force
soldiers from the besiegers of the city, and then sailed away and put in at Torone; for he knew that Brasidas had gone from these parts
and that the soldiers who were left in Torone were
not strong enough to offer battle. After encamping near
Torone and besie
Isocrates, Archidamus (ed. George Norlin), section 53 (search)
Pedaritus,Harmost of Chios in 412 B.C., who was successful against the Athenians for a time, but was defeated and slain in 412 B.C. See Thucyd. viii. 55. 3. sailing to Chios, saved that city; Brasidas entered Amphipolis and, having rallied about him a few of those who were under siege, defeated the besiegersBrasidas entered Amphipolis in 422 B.C., and in command of 150 hoplites sallied out against Cleon, the Athenian general. The greater part of the besieged forces was commanded by Clearidas. Brasidas lost his life in the engagement which followed, and became after his death a local hero at Amphipolis. See Thucyd. v. 8-11. in battle in spite of their numbers; Gylippus, by bringing aid to the Syracusans, not only saved them from destruction, but also captured the entire armament of the enemy, which dominated them both by land and by sea.In the memorable Sicilian expedition of 414 B.C. Gylippus defeated the Athenian general Nicias and took his entire forces captive.
Isocrates, Panathenaicus (ed. George Norlin), section 63 (search)
as is ever their habit—to denounce our city, to recount the most offensive acts which transpired while she held the empire of the sea, to present in a false light the adjudication of lawsuits in Athens for the alliesMembers of the Confederacy of Delos had to bring certain lawsuits, especially those which involved disloyalty to the league in any way, to Athens for trial. See Isoc. 4.113, note. and her collection of tributeSee Isoc. 7.2, note. from them, and above all to dwell on the cruelties suffered at her hands by the Melians and the Scionians and the Toronians,For the treatment of Melos and Scione see Isoc. 4.100, note, and 109. Torone was captured by Cleon in 422 B.C. The men of the town were sent as prisoners to Athens, and the women and children sold into slavery (Thuc. 5.3). thinking by these reproaches to sully the benefactions of Athens which I have just descr
On going westwards from the market-place is a cenotaph of Brasidas the son of Tellis.died 422 B.C. Not far from it is the theater, made of white marble and worth seeing. Opposite the theater are two tombs; the first is that of Pausanias, the general at Plataea, the second is that of Leonidas. Every year they deliver speeches over them, and hold a contest in which none may compete except Spartans. The bones of Leonidas were taken by Pausanias from Thermopylae forty years after the battle. There is set up a slab with the names, and their fathers' names, of those who endured the fight at Thermopylae against the Persians.
There is a place in Sparta called Theomelida. In this part of the city are the graves of the Agiad kings, and near is what is called the lounge of the Crotani, who form a part of the Pitanatans. Not far from the lounge is a sanctuary of Asclepius, called “in the place of the Agiadae.” Farther on is the tomb of Taenarus, after whom they say the headland was named that juts
Anti'stius
1. SEX. ANTISTIUS, tribune of the plebs, B. C. 422. (Liv. 4.42.)
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Capitoli'nus, Ma'nlius
2. L. Manlius Capitolinus, consular tribune in B. C. 422. (Liv. 4.42.)
Clea'ridas
(*Kleari/das), a friend of Brasidas, and apparently one of those young men whose appointment to foreign governments Thucydides considers to have been inconsistent with Spartan principles (4.132).
He was made governor of Amphipolis by Brasidas; and in the battle there, in which Brasidas and Cleon were killed, he commanded the main body of the forces, B. C. 422. Clearidas afterwards distinguished himself in the quarrels which arose after the peace of Nicias, by giving up Amphipolis, not (as the terms required) to the Athenians, but to the Amphipolitans themselves. (Thuc. 5.10, 21, 34.) [A.H.
Cleobu'lus
(*Kleo/boulos), ephor with Xenares at Sparta B. C. 422-1, the second year of the peace of Nicias. To this peace they were hostile, and signalized their ephoralty by an intrigue with the Boeotians and Corinthians, with the purpose of forming anew the Lacedaemonian league so as to include the Argives, the fear of whose hostility was the main obstacle in the way of the war-party at Sparta. (Thuc. 5.36-38.) [A.H.