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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Sciro'nides (search)
Sciro'nides （*Skirwni/dhs), an Athenian, was joined with Phrynichus and Onomacles in the command of an Athenian and Argive force, which was sent out to the coast of Asia Minor in B. C. 412. After a successful engagement with the Milesians, they prepared to besiege Miletus; but, on the arrival of a Peloponnesian and Sicilian fleet, they sailed away to Samos, by the advice of Phrynichus. without risking a battle In the same year Scironides was one of the generals left at Samos, while Strombichides, with two colleagues, proceeded to act against Chios: but, in B. C. 411, Peisander induced the Athenians to recall Phrynichus and Scironides, and to transfer the command at Samos to Leon and Diomedon. (Thuc. 8.25-27, 30, 54.) [E.
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), So'phocles (search)
ro/bouloi (Thuc. 8.1), Sophocles was among the ten thus chosen. * It has, however, been doubted whether this Sophocles was not another person (See below, No. 4). As he was then in his eighty-third year, it is not likely that he took any active part in their proceedings, or that he was chosen for any other reason than to obtain the authority of his name. All that we are told of his conduct in this office is that he contented to the establishment of the oligarchical Council of Four Hundred, B. C. 411, though he acknowledged the measure to be an evil one, because, he said, there was no better course (Aristot. Rh. 3.18, Pol. 6.5). The change of government thus effected released him, no doubt, from all further concern with public affairs. One thing at least is clear as to his political principles, that he was an ardent lover of his country. The patriotic sentiments, which we still admire in his poems, were illustrated by his own conduct ; for, unlike Simonides and Pindar, Aeschylus, Eur
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Strombi'chides (search)
is they now divided, retaining the greater part of it at Samos to command the sea, and to carry on the war against Miletus, while Strombichides and two others were despatched to Chios with thirty triremes. On their way they lost three of their vessels in a storm; but with the rest they proceeded to Lesbos, and made preparations for the siege of Chios, to which island they then crossed over, fortified a strong post named Delphinium, and reduced the Chians for a time to great extremities. In B. C. 411, on the revolt of Abydos and Lampsacus, Strombichides sailed from Chios with twenty-four ships, and recovered Lampsacus, but was unable either to persuade or compel Abydos to return to its allegiance; and accordingly he crossed over to Sestos, and there established a garrison to command the whole of the Hellespont. Hence he was soon after summoned to reinforce the Athenians at Samos, who were unable, before his arrival, to make head against the superior force of the Peloponnesians under A
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Ta'mos (search)
Ta'mos （*Tamw/s), a native of Memphis in Egypt, was lieutenant-governor of Ionia under Tissaphernes. In B. C. 412, we find him joining Astyochus, the Spartan admiral, in the unsuccessful ful endmleavour to persuade the partizans of Athens at Clazomenae to remove to Daphnus, -- a place on the main land, and therefore beyond the reach of the Athenian navy. (Thuc. 8.31; Arnold and Göller, ad loc.) In B. C. 411, when Tissaphernes went to Aspendus, with the professed intention of bringing to the aid of the Peloponnesians the Phoenician fleet which he had promised, he commissioned Tamos to provide for the maintenance of the Peloponnesian forces during his absence. (Thuc. 8.87.) Tamos afterwards attached himself to the service of the younger Cyrus, and, acting as his admiral, in B. C. 401, blockaded Miletus, which had refused to transfer its obedience from Tissaphernes to the prince. When Cyrus marched eastward against his brother, Tamos conducted the fleet along the coast to accompany the
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Theognis (search)
t on Aristophanes, by Harpocration (s. v.), and by Suidas (s. v.), on the authority of Xenophon, in the 2d Book of the Hellenics, that Theognis was one of the Thirty Tyrants; and perhaps, therefore, the name *Qeoge/nhs, in the passage of Xenophon referred to (Hell. 2.3.2), should be altered to *Qe/ugnis. According to these statements Theognis began to exhibit tragedies before the date of the Acharnians, B. C. 425, and continued his poetical career down to the date of the Thesmophoriazusae, B. C. 411, and was still conspicuous in public life in B. C. 404. Two lines are referred to by some writers, as quoted from a tragedy of Theognis, entitled *Que/sths, by Stobaeus (92.5); but a careful examination of the passage shows that it refers to the Thyestes of Euripides. We have, however, one line from Theognis, quoted by Demetrius (de Eloc. 85) : parati/qetai to\ to/con, fo/rmigg' a)/xordon. The metaphor in this line is referred to by Aristotle (Aristot. Rh. 3.11), in conjunction with an
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Theopompus (search)
and skill in historical composition would have engaged in such a task. It has therefore been supposed that it was executed by some later writer, who prefixed to it the well-known name of Theopompus. It is, however, not impossible that Theopompus may have made the Epitome at an early period of his life as an exercise in composition. 2. *)Ellhnikai\ i(stori/ai or *Su/ntacis *(Ellhnikw=n A History of Graece, in twelve books, was a continuation of the history of Thucydides. It commenced in B. C. 411, at the point where the history of Thucydides breaks off, and embraced a period of seventeen years down to the battle of Cnidus in B. C. 394 (Diod. 13.42, 14.84; Marcellin. Vit. Thuc. 45). Only a few fragments of this work are preserved. 3. *Filippika\ Also called *)Istori/ai (Kat) e)coxh\n), The History of Philip, father of Alexander the Great, in fifty-eight books, from the commencement of his reign B. C. 360, to his death B. C. 336. (Diod. 16.3; Phot. Bibl. 176.) Schweighaeuser suppo
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Thera'menes (search)
Steiria in the tribe Pandionis. According, however, to other statements, he was a native of Cos, and Hagnon only adopted him (Plut. Nic. 2 ; Schol. ad Aristoph. Frogs 541, 968 ; Suid. s. v. *Decio/s). It is doubtful also whether the Hagnon in question was the same as the Athenian founder of Amphipolis; but he must have been at any rate a man of high repute, since we find it mentioned (Xen. Hell. 2.3.30), that Theramenes first acquired notice and respect from the character of his father. In B. C. 411, he became prominent as an oligarchical revolutionist, and a leading member of the new government of the 400 (Thuc. 8.68; Xen. Hell. l.c.). In this, however, he does not appear to have occupied as eminent a station as he had hoped to fill, while at the same time the declaration of Alcibiades and of the army at Samos against the oligarchy made it evident to him that its days were numbered. Acting accordingly with Aristocrates and others, each of whom, like himself, hoped for the foremost pl
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Thrasy Bu'lus 3. An Athenian, the son of Lycus, of the deme Steiria. He was zealously attached to the democratic party, and was a warm friend of Alcihiades. The first occasion on which we find him mentioned is in B. C. 411, when he was in command of a galley in the Athenian fleet at Samos. and took an active part in the suppression of the oligarchical conspiracy (Thuc. 8.73). When the news arrived of the establishment of the Four Hundred at Athens, Thrasybulus and Thrasyllus were among the most active in urging resistance to the oligarchy, and exacted a solemn oath from the Athenians of the fleet that they would maintain the democracy, and persevere in the war with the Peloponnesians. In an assembly held soon after in the camp, some of the suspected generals were removed, and others appointed in their room. Among the latter was Thrasybulus. Through the influence of Thrasybulus a decree was passed by the camp-assembly, by which Alcibiades was pardoned and recalled. Thrasybulus himself
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Thrasyllus (search)
Thrasyllus 2. An Athenian, was serving as a hoplite in the army at Samos, in B. C. 411, and was one of those who persuaded the soldiers and sailors to aid the Samian people against the expected attempt of the oligarchical conspirators to put down democracy in the island. The consequence was the defeat of the revolutionists. Shortly after, when CHAEREAS had broaght to Samos an exaggerated account of the tyranny and violence of the 400 at Athens, Thrasyllus and Thrasybutlus bound the army by an oath to be faithful to democracy, zealous in the war with the Peloponnesians, and ever hostile to the revolutionary government at home; and, in the election of new generals which ensued, these two were included in the number. In the same year. B. C. 411, Thrasyllus commanded the left wing of the fleet at the battle of Cynossema, in which the Athenians defeated the Peloponnesians; and somewhat later, after the victory gained by the Athenians over the Lacedaemonian fleet near Abydus, he was despa
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Thucy'dides (search)
Thucy'dides 2. A Pharsalian, was a proxenus of the Athenians and happened to be at Athens in B. C. 411, during the usurpation of the Four Hundred. When the tumult against the government broke out in the Peiraeeus, and Theramenes had gone thither with promise of quelling it, Thucydides with some difficulty restrained the adherents of the oligarchs in the city from marching down to attack the rioters, representing the mischief attendant on civil discord while the Lacedaemonians were so close at hand. (Thuc. 8.92.)
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