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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Dorieus (search)
took refuge in Thurii; and from Thurii, after the Athenian disaster at Syracuse had re-established there the Peloponnesian interest, Dorieus led thirty galleys to the aid of the Spartan cause in Greece. He arrived with them at Cnidus in the winter of 412. (Thuc. 8.35.) He was, no doubt, active in the revolution which, in the course of the same winter, was effected at Rhodes (Thuc. 8.44); its revolt from the Athenians was of course accompanied by the restoration of the family of Diagoras. (B. C. 411.) We find him early in the summer at. Miletus, joining in the expostulations of his men to Astyochus, who, in the Spartan fashion, raised his staff as if to strike him, and by this act so violently excited the Thurian sailors that he was saved from violence only by flying to an altar. (Thuc. 8.84.) And shortly after, when the new commander, Mindarus, sailed for the Hellespont, he was sent with thirteen ships to crush a democratical movement in Rhodes. (Diod. 13.38.) Some little time after
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Eu'polis (search)
strathgo/n to Aristarchus, whom we know to have been strathgo/s in the year B. C. 412/1, that is, four years later than the date at which the common story fixed the death of Eupolis. (Schol. Victor. ad Iliad. 13.353.) The only discoverable foundation for this story, and probably the true account of the poet's death, is the statement of Suidas, that he perished at the Hellespont in the war against the Lacedaemonnians, which, as Meineke observes, must refer either to the battle of Cynossema (B. C. 411), or to that of Aegospotami (B. C. 405). That he died in the former battle is not improbable, since we never hear of his exhibiting after B. C. 412; and if so, it is very likely that the enemies of Alcibiades might charge him with taking advantage of the confusion of the battle to gratify his revenge. Meineke throws out a conjecture that the story may have arisen from a misunderstanding of what Lysias says about the young Alcibiades (i. p. 541). There are, however, other accounts of the po
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Hegesa'ndridas (search)
Hegesa'ndridas or AGESA'NDRIDAS (*(Hghsandmidas, Xen.; *)Aghsandridas, Thuc.), son of an Hegesander or Agesander, perhaps the same who is mentioned (Thuc. 1.139) as a member of the last Spartan embassy sent to Athens before the Peloponnesian war, was himself, in its twenty-first year, B. C. 411, placed in command of a fleet of two and forty ships destined to further a revolt in Euboea. News of their being seen off Las of Laconia came to Athens at the time when the 400 were building their fort of Eetionia commanding Peiraeeus, and the coincidence was used by Theramenes in evidence of their treasonable intentions. Further intelligence that the same fleet had sailed over from Megara to Salamis coincided again with the riot in Peiraeeus, and was held to be certain proof of the allegation of Theramenes. Thucydides thinks it possible that the movement was really made in concert with the Athenian oligarchs, but far more probable that Hegesandridas was merely prompted by an indefinite hope o
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Helixus (search)
Helixus （*(/Elicos), of Megara, with a portion of the Lacedaemonian squadron, which, on its way to the Hellespont, under Clearchus, was dispersed by a storm, made his way to Byzantium, and received it into the Peloponnesian confederacy, in the 21st year of the war, B. C. 411. (Thuc. 8.80.) Here he appears to have remained with a contingent from Megara. We find him at the end of the year B. C. 408 left with Coeratados, the Boeotian, in command of the place, then besieged by the Athenians, while Clearchus went out to seek reinforcements. The Byzantines, whose lives were being sacrificed to leave sufficient food for the garrison, took the opportunity of communicating with the besiegers; and by means of a stratagem, succeeded in admitting them. Helixus and his colleague were obliged to surrender as prisoners of war. (Xen. Hell. 1.3. §§ 17-22; comp. Diod. 13.66, 67.) [A.
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Hellani'cus (search)
his account, however, is irreconcilable with the further statement of Suidas, that Hellanicus was a contemporary of Sophocles and Euripides. Lucian (Macrob. 22) states that Hellanicus died at the age of eighty-five, and the learned authoress Pamphila (apud Gellium, 15.23), who likewise makes him a contemporary of Herodotus, says that at the beginning of the Peloponnesian war (B. C. 431), Hellanicus was about sixty-five years old, so that he would have been born about B. C. 496, and died in B. C. 411. This account, which in itself is very probable, seems to be contradicted by a statement of a scholiast (ad Aristoph. Ran. 706), from which it would appear that after the battle of Arginusae, in B. C. 406, Hellanicus was still engaged in writing; but the vague and indefinite expression of that scholiast does not warrant such an inference, and it is moreover clear from Thucydides (1.97), that in B. C. 404 or 403 Hellanicus was no longer alive. Another authority, an anonymous biographer of E
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Hermon (search)
Hermon （*(/Ermwn) is described by Thucydides as commander of the detachment of peri/poloi, or frontier guards, stationed at Munychia, and as taking in this capacity a prominent part in the sedition against the Four Hundred which Theramenes and Aristocrates excited in Peiraeeus, B. C. 411. Thucydides had just mentioned the assassination of Phrynichus by one of the peri/poloi, and from a confusion perhaps of the two passages comes the statement of Plutarch (Plut. Alc. 100.25), that the assassin was Hermon, and that he received a crown in honour of it. Such a supposition is wholly inconsistent alike with the historian's narrative and the facts mentioned by the orators. (Lys. c. Agorat. p. 492; Lycurgus, ad Leocr. p. 217.) It is hardly even a plausible hypothesis to identify him with the commander of the peri/poloi, at whose house, it appeared by the confession of an accomplice, secret meetings had been held. (Thuc. 8.92.) But he is probably the same who is mentioned in the inscription (
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Hippo'crates (search)
Hippo'crates 6. A Lacedaemonian, first mentioned as being sent with Epicles to Euboea, to bring away Hegesandridas and his fleet from thence, after the defeat of Mindarus at Cynossema, B. C. 411. (Thuc. 8.107.) He returned with Hegesandridas to the Hellespont, where he acted as second in command (e\pistugeu/s) to Mindarus during the subsequent operations. [MINDARUS]. After the decisive defeat at Cyzicus (B. C. 410), Hippocrates, on whom the chief command now devolved by the death of Mindarus, wrote to Sparta the well-known and characteristic dispatch, "Our good fortune is at an end; Mindarus is gone; the men are hungry; what to do we know not." (Xen. Hell. 1.1.23.) After the arrival of Cratesippidas to take the command at the Hellespont, Hippocrates appears to have been appointed governor or harmost of Chalcedon; and when that city was attacked, in the spring of 408, by Alcibiades and Thrasyllus, he led out his troops to encounter the Athenians, but was defeated, and himself fell in
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Laespo'dias (search)
Laespo'dias （*Laispodi/as), was one of three Athenian commanders, who, with a force of 30 ships, joined the Argives in ravaging the Lacedaemonian coast, B. C. 414; and thus, at the moment when Gylippus was sailing for Syracuse, gave the Spartan government justification for open hostilities. He is named again, B. C. 411, as one of three ambassadors who were sent by the Four Hundred to treat with Sparta, but were, when their ship, the Paralus, was off Argos, seized and given in custody to the Argives by the sailors, who proceeded to join the fleet at Samos. (Thuc. 6.105, 8.86.) He had something the matter with the shin or calf of his leg, and arranged his dress to conceal it. *Ti/, w)= kako/daimon *Laispodi/as, ei)= th\n fu/sin ; says Poseidon, when scolding the uncouth Triballus for letting his garment hang about his legs. (Aristoph. Birds 1568.) And the Scholiast gives a variety of references (see also Plut. Symp. 7.8), which show that his misfortune made him a standing joke with the
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Leo or LEON (search)
Leo or LEON 2. An Athenian, was sent out with ten ships, in B. C. 412, to act with the squadron under Diomedon, and we find the two commanders associated, both in naval operations and in political movements, down to the declaration of the Athenian army at Samos against the revolutionary government of the Four Hundred, B. C. 411 [DIOMEDON]. According to the common reading in Xenophon, Leon was one of the ten generals appointed to supersede Alcibiades in B. C. 407, and, as well as ERASINIDES, was with Conon when Callicratidas chased him into Mytilene (Xen. Hell. 1.5.16, 6. 16). Xenophon, however, in two other passages (Hell. 1.6.30,7.2), omits Leon's name and mentions Lysias instead; and Diodorus has Lysanias ( an error probably of the copyists, for Lysias) in his list of the generals, saying nothing of Leon, and afterwards speaks of Lysias as one of those who returned to Athens after the battle of Arginusae (Diod. 13.74, 101). Schneider, accordingly, would reject the name of Leon, fro
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Ly'sias (search)
nd Nicias, and afterwards enjoyed great esteem among the Thurians, and even seems to have taken part in the administration of the young republic. From a passage of Aristotle (ap. Cic. Brut. 12), we learn that he devoted some time to the teaching of rhetoric, though it is uncertain whether he entered upon this profession while yet at Thurii, or did not commence till after his return to Athens, where we know that Isaeus was one of his pupils. (Plut. l.c. p. 839; Phot. Bibl. Cod. p. 490a.) In B. C. 411, when he had attained the age of forty-seven, after the defeat of the Athenians in Sicily, all persons, both in Sicily and in the south of Italy, who were suspected of favouring the cause of the Athenians, were exposed to persecutions; and Lysias, together with 300 others, was expelled by the Spartan party from Thurii, as a partisan of the Athenians. He now returned to Athens; but there too great misfortunes awaited him, for during the rule of the Thirty Tyrants, after the battle of Aegosp
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