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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith) 23 23 Browse Search
Xenophon, Hellenica (ed. Carleton L. Brownson) 14 14 Browse Search
Aristotle, Politics 1 1 Browse Search
Diodorus Siculus, Library 1 1 Browse Search
Isocrates, Speeches (ed. George Norlin) 1 1 Browse Search
Pausanias, Description of Greece 1 1 Browse Search
Strabo, Geography 1 1 Browse Search
Appian, The Foreign Wars (ed. Horace White) 1 1 Browse Search
M. Tullius Cicero, De Officiis: index (ed. Walter Miller) 1 1 Browse Search
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Aristotle, Politics, Book 2, section 1269b (search)
ppears that the original teller of the legend had good reason for uniting Ares with Aphrodite, for all men of martial spirit appear to be attracted to the companionship either of male associates or of women. Hence this characteristic existed among the Spartans, and in the time of their empire many things were controlled by the women; yet what difference does it make whether the women rule or the rulers are ruled by the women? The result is the same. And although bravery is of service for none of the regular duties of life, but if at all, in war, even in this respect the Spartans' women were most harmful; and they showed this at the time of the Theban invasion,Under Epaminondas, 369 B.C. for they rendered no useful service, as the women do in other states, while they caused more confusion than the enemy. It is true therefore that at the outset the freedom allowed to women at Sparta seems to have come about with good reason,
Diodorus Siculus, Library, Book XIV, Chapter 75 (search)
safety to their native homes. Dionysius stationed guards at intervals along the roads and then led his army against the enemy's camp, while it was still night. The barbarians, abandoned as they were by their general, by the Carthaginians, and by the Siceli as well, were dispirited and fled in dismay. Some were taken captive as they fell in with the guards on the roads, but the majority threw down their arms, surrendered themselves, and asked only that their lives be spared. Some Iberians alone massed together with their arms and dispatched a herald to treat about taking service with him. Dionysius made peace with the Iberians and enrolled them in his mercenaries,These Iberians turn up later among the troops sent by Dionysius to aid the Lacedaemonians in 369 B.C. (Book 15.70; Xen. Hell. 7.1.20). but the rest of the multitude he made captive and whatever remained of the baggage he turned over to the soldiers to plunder.
Isocrates, Archidamus (ed. George Norlin), section 41 (search)
Now in the case of Sparta I can cite no instance of this kind, for in times past no nation stronger than ourselves ever invaded our territory;That is, before the Theban invasion of 369 B.C. but in the case of other states there are many such examples which one might use, and especially is this true of the city of the Athenians.
Pausanias, Description of Greece, Phocis and Ozolian Locri, chapter 9 (search)
ameia, the daughter of Amyclas, king of Lacedaemon. There is also a statue dedicated of Erasus, son of Triphylus. They who made the images are as follows: The Apollo and Callisto were made by Pausanias of Apollonia; the Victory and the likeness of Arcas by Daedalus of Sicyon; Triphylus and Azan by Samolas the Arcadian; Elatus, Apheidas and Erasus by Antiphanes of Argos. These offerings were sent by the Tegeans to Delphi after they took prisoners the Lacedaemonians that attacked their city.369 B.CIt is probable that these offerings were made by the Arcadians, and not by the Tegeans. （See Frazer's note.） Opposite these are offerings of the Lacedaemonians from spoils of the Athenians: the Dioscuri, Zeus, Apollo, Artemis, and beside these Poseidon, Lysander, son of Aristocritus, represented as being crowned by Poseidon, Agias, soothsayer to Lysander on the occasion of his victory, and Hermon, who steered his flag-ship. This statue of Hermon was not unnaturally made by Theocosmus of Me
Strabo, Geography, Book 8, chapter 4 (search)
Messenia borders on Eleia; and for the most part it inclines round towards the south and the Libyan Sea. Now in the time of the Trojan War this country was classed as subject to Menelaüs, since it was a part of Laconia, and it was called Messene, but the city now named Messene whose acropolis was Ithome, had not yet been founded;The city was founded by Epameinondas in 369 B.C. (Diod. Sic. 15.66). but after the death of Menelaüs, when those who succeeded to the government of Laconia had become enfeebled, the Neleidae began to rule over Messenia. And indeed at the time of the return of the Heracleidae and of the division of the country which then took place, Melanthus was king of the Messenians, who were an autonomous people, although formerly they had been subject to Menelaüs. An indication of this is as follows: The seven cities which Agamemnon promised to give to Achilles were on the Messenian Gulf and the adjacent Asinaean Gulf, so called after the Messenian Asine;Now the ci
Xenophon, Hellenica (ed. Carleton L. Brownson), Book 6, chapter 4 (search)
ceeded to the office of Tagus. Now Polydorus, while the two were on their way to Larisa, was killed at night in his sleep by Polyphron, his brother, as people thought; for his death was sudden and without manifest cause. Then Polyphron, in his turn, held sway for a year, and made the office of Tagus like the rule of a tyrant. For in Pharsalus he put to death Polydamas and eight more370 B.C. of the best among the citizens, and from Larisa he drove many into exile. While thus engaged he, also,369 B.C. was slain by Alexander, who posed as avenger of Polydorus and destroyer of the tyranny. But when Alexander had himself succeeded to the position of ruler, he proved a cruel Tagus to the Thessalians, a cruel enemy to the Thebans and Athenians, and an unjust robber both by land and by sea. Being such a man, he likewise was slain in his turn, the358 B.C. actual deed being done by his wife's brothers, though the plan was conceived by the woman herself. For she reported to her brothers that Alex
Xenophon, Hellenica (ed. Carleton L. Brownson), Book 7, chapter 1 (search)
he following year ambassadors of the Lacedaemonians369 B.C. and their allies, with full powers, came to Athensound about your state, and they are all weaker than369 B.C. yours. In addition to this, you have harbours, wit straightway you fell completely under their power.369 B.C. In these circumstances, therefore, it is plain to e may judge from the results. For you made war upon369 B.C. them for many years, The speaker is referring againd their men of least account. Answer me,” he said,369 B.C. “Timocrates of Lacedaemon, did you not say a momen And when such as came out of the affair with their369 B.C. lives had made their escape to the nearest hill, autting the rest to flight, pursued them about three369 B.C. or four stadia. When this had taken place the Coriwever, the Thebans remained but a few days and then369 B.C. returned home, and the others likewise to their se, it may be that you will soon find in them another369 B.C. set of Lacedaemonians.” Upon hearing these words t<
Xenophon, Hellenica (ed. Carleton L. Brownson), Book 7, chapter 2 (search)
onouring them in other ways, sent them an ox as a gift of hospitality. Again, when the enemy had retired from Lacedaemon,369 B.C. and the Argives, in anger at the devotion of the Phliasians toward the Lacedaemonians, had invaded the territory of Phliof the Phliasians made them an offer that if they would only put in an appearance to help their party, they would capture369 B.C. Phlius; and when this plan had been agreed upon, during the night the exiles and others with them, about six hundred in zens gained possession of some of the towers on this side and on that, they closed in desperate battle with those who had369 B.C. mounted upon their walls. And the enemy, as they were forced back by them — by their courage as well as by their fightinher with handclasps on their preservation, and the women bringing them drink and at the same time crying for joy. Indeed,369 B.C. “laughter mingled with tears” An allusion to Iliad vi. 484, did on that occasion really possess all who were present. In<
Appian, Syrian Wars (ed. Horace White), CHAPTER VII (search)
months, nor until they had driven out the Lacedæmonian garrisons and substituted Arcadians in their places. Epaminondas had compelled his colleagues to take this course and had undertaken that they should be held guiltless. When they returned home the prosecuting officers put them on trial for their lives, separately (for the law made it a capital offence to withhold by force a command which had been assigned to another), Y.R. 385 but the other two escaped punishment by exciting pity and B.C. 369 by long speeches, putting the blame on Epaminondas, who had authorized them to say this and who so testified while they were speaking. He was tried last. "I acknowledge," he said, "that I retained the command beyond my time, contrary to law, and that I coerced those whom you have just acquitted. Nor do I deprecate the death penalty, since I have broken the law. I only ask, for my past services, that you inscribe on my tomb, 'Here lies the victor of Leuctra. Although his country had not dared
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Alexander Ii. （*)Ale/candros), the sixteenth kilng of MACEDONIA, the eldest son of Amyntas II., succeeded his father in B. C. 369, and appears to have reigned nearly two years, though Diodorus assigns only one to his reign. While engaged in Thessaly in a war with Alexander of Pherae, a usurper rose up in Macedonia of the name of Ptolemy Alorites, whom Diodorus, apparently without good authority, calls a brother of the king. Pelopidas, being called in to mediate between them, left Alexander in possession of the kingdom, but took with him to Thebes several hostages; among whom, according to some accounts, was Philip, the youngest brother of Alexander, afterwards king of Macedonia, and father of Alexander the Great. But he had scarcely left Macedonia, before Alexander was murdered by Ptolemy Alorites, or according to Justin (7.5), through the intrigues of his mother, Eurydice, Demosthenes (de fails. Leg. p. 402) names Apollo-phanes as one of the murderers. (Diod. 15.60, 61, 67, 71, 77;
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