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Browsing named entities in A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith). You can also browse the collection for 364 BC or search for 364 BC in all documents.

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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Ni'cias (search)
Plutarch about the unwillingness of Nicias to sell one of his pictures to Ptolemy, king of Egypt, if we suppose Ptolemy I. to be meant (Non poss. suav. viv. sec. Epicureos, 11). On the other hand, Pliny tells us that Nicias assisted Praxiteles in statuis circumlinendis, that is, covering marble statues with a sort of encaustic varnish, by which a beautifully smooth and tinted surface was given to them (see Dict. of Antiq. PAINTING, § viii.). Now Praxiteles flourished in the 104th Olympiad, B. C. 364-360. We must therefore either suppose that Nicias thus painted the statues of Praxiteles a considerable time after they were made, which is not very probable in itself, and is opposed to Pliny's statement; or else that Pliny has confounded two different artists, indeed he himself suggests that there may have been two artists of the name. (See Sillig, Catal. Artif. s. v.) But, plausible as this argument is, it is not conclusive, for the division of a master and pupil by seven or eight Olymp
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Pelo'pidas (search)
d with marked distinction by the king, and obtained, as far as Persia could grant it, all that he asked for, viz. that Messenia should be independent, that the Athenians should lay up their ships, and that the Thebans should be regarded as hereditary friends of the king. For himself, Pelopidas refused all the presents which Artaxerxes offered him, and, according to Plutarch (Plut. Art. 22), avoided during his mission all that to a Greek mind would appear to be unmanly marks of homage. In B. C. 364, the Thessalian towns, those especially of Magnesia and Phthiotis, again applied to Thebes for protection against Alexander, and Pelopidas was appointed to aid them. His forces: however, were dismayed by an eclipse of the sun (Jane 13), and, therefore, leaving them behind, he took with him into Thessaly only 300 horse, having set out amidst the warnings of the soothsayers. On his arrival at Pharsalus he collected a force which he deemed sufficient, and marched against Alexander, treating l
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
r for the throne, Pausanias, soon compelled both Eurydice and her two sons, Perdiccas and Philip, to have recourse to the assistance of the Athenian general Iphicrates, who drove out the usurper, and re-established Perdiccas upon the throne. Ptolemy seems to have been reinstated in his office of regent or guardian of the young king, under which name he virtually enjoyed the sovereign power, until at length Perdiccas caused him to be put to death, and took the government into his own hands, B. C. 364. (Just. 7.4, 5; Aesch. de Fals. Leg. §§ 28-31, ed. Bekk.; Diod. 15.77, 16.2 ; Syncell. p. 263; Flathe, Gesch. Mlacedon. vol. i. p. 39-40; Thirlwall's Greece, vol. v. p. 162-164.) Of the subsequent reign of Perdiccas we have very Little information. We learn only that he was at one time engaged in hostilities with Athens on account of Amphipolis (Aesch. l.c. §§ 32-33), and that he was distinguished for his patronage of men of letters. Among these we are told that Euphraeus, a disciple of Pl
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Pe'ticus, C. Sulpi'cius a distinguished patrician in the times immediately following the enactment of the Licinian laws. He was censor B. C. 366, the year in which a plebeian consul was first elected; and two years afterwards, B. C. 364, he was consul with C. Licinius Calvus Stolo, the proposer of the celebrated Licinian laws. In this year a fearful pestilence visited the city, which occasioned the establishment of ludi scenici for the first time. In B. C. 362 he served as legate in the army of the plebeian consul, L. Genucius, and after the fall of the latter in battle, he repulsed the Hernici in an attack which they made upon the Roman camp. In the following year, B. C. 361, Peticus was consul a second time with his former colleague Licinius : both consuls marched against the Hernici and took the city of Ferentinum, and Peticus obtained the honour of a triumph on his return to Rome. In B. C. 358, Peticus was appointed dictator in consequence of the Gauls having penetrated through t
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Praxi'teles (search)
as an artist was intimately connected with that city. This fact is not only indicated by the constant association of his name with the later Attic school of sculpture, and by Pliny's reference to his numerous works in the Cerameicus at Athens, but there is an inscription still extant, in which he is expressly called an Athenian. (Böckh, Corp. Inscr.No. 1604). With respect to his date, he is mentioned by Pliny (Plin. Nat. 34.8. s. 19) as contemporary with Euphranor at the 104th Olympiad, B. C. 364. Pausanias (8.9.1) places him in the third generation after Alcamenes, the disciple of Pheidias ; which agrees very well with the date of Pliny, since Alcamenes flourished between Ol. 83 and 94, B. C. 448-404. Vitruvius (vii. Praef. § 13) states that he was one of the artists who adorned the Mausoleum of Artemisia; and, if so, he must have lived at least as late as Ol. 107, B. C. 350. If we were to accept as genuine the will of Theophrastus, in which he requests Praxiteles to finish a stat
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Ptolemaeus (search)
s resentment by protestations of submission, and obtained the confirmation of his authority as regent, giving hostages for his friendly disposition towards the Thebans. (Plut. Pel. 27.) To this new alliance it may be ascribed that Ptolemy abandoned his friendly relations with the Athenians, notwithstanding the benefits he had received from Iphicrates. (Aesch. l.c. p. 32.) He continued to administer the sovereign power for a period of three years, when he was, in his turn, assassinated by the young king Perdiccas III., B. C. 364. (Diod. 15.77.) Diodorus gives Ptolemy the title of king, and his name is included by the chronographers among the Macedonian kings (Dexippus apud Syncell. I.c. ; Euseb. Arm. pp. 153, 154), but it seems more probable that he assumed the regal authority without its designation. (Compare, in regard to the above facts, Thirlwall's Greece, vol. v. p. 162-165; Flathe, Gesch. Mlacedoniens, vol. i. p. 38-40; and Abel, Makedonien vor König Philipp. p. 217-223.) [E.H.B
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Stra'tolas (search)
Stra'tolas （*Strato/las), a citizen of Elis, and one of the leaders of the oligarchical party there. In B. C. 364 we find him in command of what Xenophon calls the Three Hundred, -- perhaps a body organized by the oligarchs out of their own class, in imitation of the Sacred Band of Thebes (see Thirlwall's Greece, vol. v. p. 136). Acting in this capacity, he fell in battle at Olympia against the Arcadians, who had invaded Elis, and were attempting to celebrate the Olympic games under the presidency of Pisa. (Xen. Hell. 7.4. §§ 15,31; comp. Diod.15.77,82.) [
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Timo'leon (search)
s that Timoleon was not even present at the murder, though it was perpetrated at his desire. (Diod. 16.65; Plut. Tim. 4 ; Corn. Nep. Tim. I; Aristot. Pol. 5.5.9.) Plutarch further relates that Timophanes was murdered twenty years before the Sicilian ambassadors arrived at Corinth, during the whole of which time Timoleon lived in solitude, a prey to sorrow and remorse ; but as Xenophon in his Greek history makes no mention of the affair, which he would hardly have omitted, if it occurred in B. C. 364, we may follow in preference the narrative of Diodorus, who relates that Timoleon murdered his brother just before the arrival of the Sicilian ambassadors, and that at the very moment of their arrival the Corinthians had not come to any decision respecting Timoleon's act, some denouncing it as a wilful murder which should be punished according to the laws, others as a glorious deed of patriotism, for which he ought to be rewarded. The historian adds that the Corinthian senate avoided the d
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Timo'theus (search)
or his services to him; but it is not easy to reconcile this statement with the account of Demosthenes, as given above, of his refusal to help the rebel satrap. (Dem. pro Rhod. Lib. pp. 192, 193; Isocr. peri\ *)Antid. §§ 118, &c.; Corn. Nep. Tim. 1 ; Pseudo-Arist. Oec. 2.23; Polyaen. 3.10.) These successes, coupled probably with their jealousy of Iphicrates as the son-in-law of Cotys, seem to have mainly induced the Athenians to appoint Timotheus instead of him as commander in Macedonia (B. C. 364), where the recovery of Amphipolis was the great object of their wishes. In the interval between the recall of Iphicrates and the arrival of Timotheus, the Athenian forces were commanded by Callisthenes, whose disadvantageous treaty with Perdiccas III. of Macedonia contributed perhaps to hamper the new general, when he came on the scene of action. Timotheus, on taking the command, endeavored to secure the services of the adventurer Charidemus, but the latter passed over to the service of C
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