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A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
M. Lu'rius praefect of Sardinia, under Augustus, in B. C. 40, was expelled from that island by Menas, Sextus Pompey's lieutenant. Lurius commanded the right wing of the Caesariaa fleet at the battle of Actium, B. C. 31. (D. C. 48.30; Veil. Pat. 2.85; comp. Plut. Ant. 65, 66; Appian, App. BC 5.55.) No family of the Lurii is known: but there is extant a coin of the moneyers of Augustus bearing on its obverse the legend " P. LURIUS AGRIPPA III. VIR. A. A. A. F. F." (Ursin. Farm. Rom.; Vaillant, "LURII.") [W.B.D]
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
9, 112.) According to Dio Cassins (49.16), this was the first occasion on which Maecenas became Caesar's vicegerent; and he was entrusted with the administration not only of Rome, but of all Italy. His fidelity and talents had now been tested by several years' experience; and it had probably been found that the bent of his genius fitted him for the cabinet rather than for the field, since his services could be so easily dispensed with in the latter. From this time till the battle of Actium (B. C. 31) history is silent concerning Maecenas; but at that period we again find him intrusted with the administration of the civil affairs of Italy. It has indeed been maintained by many critics that Maecenas was present at the sea-fight of Actium; but the best modern scholars who have discussed the subject have shown that this could not have been the case, and that he remained in Rome during this time, where he suppressed the conspiracy of the younger Lepidus. The only direct authority for the st
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Messalla (search)
Augustus effectively in Sicily (Appian, App. BC 5.102-103, 110-113) B. C. 36; against the Salassians, a mountain tribe, lying between the Graian and the Pennine Alps, B. C. 34 (D. C. 49.38; Appian, App. Ill. 17; Strab. iv. p.189), and at Actium, B. C. 31. A decree of the senate had abrogated Antony's consulship for B. C. 31, and Messalla was appointed to the vacant place. (D. C. 1. 10.) At Actium he commanded the centre of the fleet, and so highly distinguished himself, that Augustus remarked, MB. C. 31, and Messalla was appointed to the vacant place. (D. C. 1. 10.) At Actium he commanded the centre of the fleet, and so highly distinguished himself, that Augustus remarked, Messalla had now fought as well for him as formerly at Philippi against him. " I have always taken the best and justest side," was Messalla's adroit rejoinder. (Plut. Brut. 53.) At Daphne in Syria, Messalla proved himself an unscrupulous partisan, by dispersing among distant legions and garrisons Antony's gladiators, and finally destroying them, although they had not submitted until life and freedom had been guaranteed them. (D. C. 51.7.) He was proconsul of Aquitaine in B. C. 28-27, and obtained
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Mithrida'tes (search)
Mithrida'tes kings of COMMAGENE. There were two kings of Commagene of this name, of whom very little is known. The first (Mithridates I.) must have succeeded Antiochus I. on the throne of that petty kingdom at some time previous to B. C. 31, as he is mentioned by Plutarch in that year among the allies of Antony. (Plut. Ant. 61.) Mithridates II. was made king of Commagene by Augustus, B. C. 20, when a mere boy. Dio Cassius tells us that his father had been put to death by the previous king: hence it seems probable that he was a son of the preceding. (D. C. 54.9. See, however, Clinton, F. H. vol. iii. p. 343, not. h, who has brought together the few facts that are known concerning these kings of Commagene.) [E.H.B]
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Mu'cia (search)
Mu'cia 2. With the epithet TERTIA, was the daughter of Q. Mucius Scaevola, the augur, consul in B. C. 95. She was a cousin (soror) of Q. Metellus Celer, consul in B. C. 60, and of Q. Metellus Nepos, consul III B. C. 57. Mucia married Cn. Pompey, by whom sne had two sons, Cneius and Sextus, and a daughter, Pompeia. She was divorced by Pompey just before his return from the Mithridatic war in B. C. 62. Mucia next married M. Aemilius Scaurns, a stepson of the dictator Sulla. In B. C. 39, Mucia, at the earnest request of the Roman people, went to Sicily to mediate between her son Sex. Pompey and Augustus. She was living at the time of the battle of Actium, B. C. 31. Augustus treated her with great respect. (Ascon. in Scaur. p. 19, Orelli ; Cic. ad Fam. 5.2, ad Att. 1.12; D. C. 37.49, 48.16, 51.2, 56.38; Appian. B. C. 5.69, 72; Suet. Jul. 50; Plut. Pomp. 42; Zonar. 10.5; Hieron. in Jovin. 1.48.) Whether the Mucia mentioned by Valerius Maximus (9.1.8) bo the same person is uncertain.
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
na. For L. Visidius Orelli proposes to read L. Nasidius, which occurs in a few manuscripts, but Garatoni objects (ad loc.) that it is unlikely that Pompey would have given him the command of a fleet, unless he had held some office in the state, and we know that the appellation of Roman eques was not applied to a person after lie had been quaestor. But whether this passage refers to Nasidius or not, we do not hear of him again till B. C. 35, when he is mentioned as one of the principal officers of Sex. Pompey, who deserted to Antony upon the failing fortunes of the former. (Appian, App. BC 5.139.) He continued faithful to the fortunes of Antony in the civil war between him and Octavian, and commanded part of Antony's fleet, which was defeated by Agrippa off Patrae, in B. C. 31, previous to the decisive battle of Actium. (D. C. 1. 13.) The coin annexed refers to Nasidius: it bears on the obverse the head of Pompey with a trident and NEPTVNI, and on the reverse a ship with Q. NASIDIVS.
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Octavius (search)
oceeded to attack the town of Salonae in Dalmatia, but was repulsed with considerable loss, and thereupon joined Pompey at Dyrrhachium. After the battle of Pharsalia, Octavius, who still possessed a considerable fleet, set sail for Illyricum with the hope of securing it for the Pompeian party. At first he met with great success, and defeated Gabinius, who had been sent by Caesar into Illyricum with reinforcements for the army, which was already there ; but he was soon afterwards driven out of the country (B. C. 47) by Cornificius and Vatinius, and compelled to fly to Africa, where the Pompeian party were making a stand. (Hirt, B. Alex. 42-46 ; D. C. 42.11.) After the battle of Thapsus (B. C. 46), Octavius was in the neighbourhood of Utica in command of two legions, and claimed to have the supreme command with Cato. (Plut. Cat. min. 65.) He is not mentioned again till the battle of Actium (B. C. 31), when he commanded along with M. Insteius the middle of Antony's fleet. (Plut. Ant. 65.)
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), (search)
Philopator I. was a son of TARCONDIMOTUS I. In common with his father he had espoused the cause of Antony during the civil war between the latter and Octavian, but on learning the tidings of the battle of Actium, and the death of Tarcondimotus B. C. 31, he declared in favour of the conqueror. He was nevertheless deprived of his kingdom by Octavian, and we do not learn that that he was subsequently reinstated, though in B. C. 20 we find his paternal dominions restored to his brother, Tarcondimotus. (D. C. 51.2, 7, 54.9.)
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), So'sius (search)
ip along with Cn. Domitius Ahenobarbus in B. C. 32. In the atter year the quarrels and misunderstandings between Octavian and Antony broke out into open hostilities. Sosius warmly espoused the cause of his patron, and in an assembly of the senate on the 1st of January ventured to attack Octavian, and uphold the cause of Antony. Octavian was absent from Rome at the time, and on his return to the city Sosius found it necessary to quit Italy and betake himself to Antony. In the following year, B. C. 31, he commanded a squadron of Antony's fleet ; and during the absence of Agrippa, who had the supreme command of the fleet of Octavian, he attacked the squadron of L. Arruntius and put it to flight; but while engaged in the pursuit, he fell in with M. Agrippa, who wrested the victory from him, killed his ally Tarcondimotus, the king of Cilicia, and compelled Sosius himself to seek safety in flight. It is erroneously stated by Dio Cassius (1. 14) that Sosius fell in this engagement. In the dec
A Dictionary of Greek and Roman biography and mythology (ed. William Smith), Tarcondi'motus (search)
Tarcondi'motus （*Tarkondi/motos), the king of Cilicia, fought on Pompey's side against Caesar, in B. C. 48, but was pardoned by Caesar, and allowed to retain his dominions. After the death of Caesar he joined C. Cassius, and sub. sequently espoused the side of Antony against Octavian. He was killed in a sea-fight in B. C. 31, while fighting under Sosius against M. Agrippa. His name is variously written in the ancient authors, but we learn from coins that Tarcondimotus is the correct form (D. C. 41.63, 47.26, 1. 14; Strab. xiv. p.676; Cic. Fam. 15.1; Flor. 4.2.5; Plut. Ant. 61.) The sons of Tarcondimotus deserted Antony after the battle of Actium, and united themselves to Octavian; but Philopator, who had succeeded his father, was deprived by Octavian of the part of Cappadocian Pontus, which he held. In B. C. 20, however, Tarcondimotus, one of the sons, received from Octavian all the possessions of his father, with the exception of a few places on the coast. (D. C. 51.2, 7, 54.9.)
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