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Services of Macedonians To Greece
"Not being able to say anything in defence of
B.C. 279.
any of these acts, you talk pompously about
your having resisted the invasion of Delphi
by the barbarians, and allege that for this Greece ought
to be grateful to you. But if for this one service some gratitude is owing to the Aetolians; what high honour do the
Macedonians deserve, who throughout nearly their whole
lives are ceaselessly engaged in a struggle with the barbarians
for the safety of the Greeks? For that Greece would have
been continually involved in great dangers, if we had not had
the Macedonians and the ambition of their kings as a barrier,
who is ignorant? And there is a very striking
proof of this. Defeat and death of Ptolemy Ceraunus in the battle
with the Gauls, B.C. 280. See Pausan. 10.19.7. For no sooner had the Gauls
conceived a contempt for the Macedonians, by
their victory over Ptolemy Ceraunus, than,
thinking the rest of no account, Brennus
promptly marched into the midd
Titus Livius (Livy), The History of Rome, Book 38 (ed. Evan T. Sage, Ph.D.), chapter 48 (search)
Acicho'rius
(*)Akixw/rios) was one of the leaders of the Gauls, who invaded Thrace and Macedonia in B. C. 280.
He and Brennus commanded the division that marched into Paeonia.
In the following year, B. C. 279, he accompanied Brennus in his invasion of Greece. (Paus. 10.19.4, 5, 22.5, 23.1, &c.) Some writers suppose that Brennus and Acichorius are the same persons, the former being only a title and the latter the real name. (Schmidt, " De fontibus veterum auctorum in enarrandis expeditionibus a Gallis in Macedoniam susceptis," Berol. 1834
Apollodo'rus
7. Tyrant of CASSANDREIA (formerly Potidaea) in the peninsula of Pallene.
He at first pretended to be a friend of the people; but when he had gained their confidence, he formed a conspiracy for the purpose of making himself tyrant, and bound his accomplices by most barbarous ceremonies described in Diodorus. (xxii. Exc. p. 563.) When he had gained his object, about B. C. 279, he began his tyrannical reign, which in cruelty, rapaciousness, and debauchery, has seldom been equalled in any country.
The ancients mention him along with the most detestable tyrants that ever lived. (Plb. 7.7; Seneca, De Ira, 2.5, De Benef. 7.19.)
But notwithstanding the support which he derived from the Gauls, who were then penetrating southward, he was unable to maintain himself, and was conquered and put to death by Antigonus Gonatas. (Polyaen. 6.7, 4.6, 18 ; Aelian, Ael. VH 14.41; Hist. An. 5.15; Plut. De Sera Num. Vind. 10, 11; Paus. 4.5.1; Heinsius, ad Ovid. ex Pont. 2.9. 43.)
Arrhidaeus
3. One of the kings of Macedonia during the time of the anarchy, B. C. 279. (Porphyr. apud Euscb. Arm. 1.38, p. 171.)
Arsi'noe
3. The daughter of Lysimachus and Nicaea, was married to Ptolemy II. Philadelphus soon after his accession, B. C. 285. When Arsinoe, the sister of Ptolemy Philadelphus [see No. 2], fled to Egypt in B. C. 279, and Ptolemy became captivated by her, Arsinoe, the daughter of Lysinachus, in conjunction with Amyntas and Chrysippus, a physician of Rhodes, plotted against her ; but her plots were discovered, and she was banished to Coptos, or some city of the Thebais.
She had by Ptolemy three children, Ptolemy Evergetes, afterwards king, Lysimachus, and Berenice. (Schol. ad Theocr. Id. 17.128; Paus. 1.7.3; Plb. 15.25.)
Bathana'tius
(*Baqana/tios), the leader of the Cordistae, a Gaulish tribe, who invaded Greece with Brennus in B. C. 279.
After the defeat of Brennus, Bathanatius led his people to the banks of the Danube, where they settled down.
The way by which they returned received from their leader the name of Bathanatia; and his descendants were called Bathanati. (Athen. 6.234b
Brennus
2. The leader of a body of Gauls, who had settled in Pannonia, and who moved southwards and broke into Greece B. C. 279, one hundred and eleven years after the taking of Rome.
Pyrrhus of Epeirus was then absent in Italy.
The infamous Ptolemy Ceraunus had just established himself on the throne of Macedon. Athens was again free under Olympiodorus (Paus. 1.26), and the old Achaean league had been renewed, with the promise of brighter days in the Peloponnesus, when the inroad of the barbarians threatened all Greece with desolation.
Brennus entered Paeonia at the same time that two other divisions of the Gauls invaded Thrace and Macedonia. On returning home, the easy victory which his countrymen had gained over Ptolemy in Macedon, the richness of the country, and the treasures of the temples, furnished him with arguments for another enterprise, and he again advanced southward with the enormous force of 150,000 foot and 61,000 horse. (Paus. 10.19.)
After ravaging Macedonia (J