.
^
Monday, May 27, 2013
Low-Intensity Conflict Report #79 May 13- 26, 2013
Low-Intensity Conflict Report #79 May 13- 26, 2013
These reports are translated and publicized by Yehudit Tayar for Hatzalah Yehudah and Shomron with the clearance and confirmation of the IDF. Hatzalah Yehudah and Shomron is a voluntary emergency medical organization with over 500 volunteer doctors, paramedics, medics who are on call 24/7 and work along with the IDF, 669 IAF Airborne Rescue, the security officers and personal throughout Yesha and the Jordan Valley, and with MDA.
We, the volunteers of Hatzalah Yehudah and Shomron go out to rescue anyone who needs our emergency medical assistance; including civilians, military and Arabs also those within the PA territories. (with IDF presence) To us a life is precious and we go out at risk leaving home and family or stopping on the road to rescue anyone in need.
From the reports which we received here is a partial summary of the hundreds of attempts to murder innocent Jews during the past week;
3 IDF soldiers, 9 civilians, and 3 policemen were injured:
· Civilian injured from rocks a Sinjal, child injured moderately from bottle thrown on bus at the Mt. of Olives, young civilian injured from rocks near Ofra, 5 children moderately from rocks between El Hadar and Efat,
· IDF soldier moderately from rocks near the Tunnel Road, IDF soldier moderately in his head from rocks near T Junction in Etzion, IDF soldier moderately at El Fuar, Border policeman moderately from rocks at Abu Dis, 2 policemen moderately at the Temple Mt., Fireman moderately injured from rocks at Issawiya during attempt to extinguish a fire at Opharin Base.
We received reports of at least 143 Molotov Cocktail attacks:
100 at Azoria, 6 Abu Dis, 9 Shuafat Refugee Camp, 1 at bus at El Arub, 5 at car and 1 at security vehicle near Ofra, 4 Kever Rachel, 3 at security force at Tunnel Road checkpost, 4 at security force El Fuar, 3 at security force at Parsa Junction,1 thrown by rioters at Shuafat which caused a fire to break out near Pisgat Ze'ev, 1 at Ophrit Base, 2 at the security fence near Ja'ama.
10 explosive devices at Azaria
5 Arab rioters attacked a yeshiva student on his way to the Kotel (Western Wall)
3 PA policemen were apprehended who were involved in the murder of Ben Zion Livnat HY"D, after they had been released from prison by the PA after serving short sentences.
Arab with improvised weapon caught in his car at Bene Naim
This week also there were scores of attempted murder of innocent men, women and children by Arabs attacking with rocks thrown on the roads at the cars as they drove in their vehicles:
A partial list of the places where the attacks occurred:
160 turn - Hevron, Policeman checkpost - Hevron, Adoriam Junction Southern Hevron Hills, El Fuar, near the Tunnel Road checkpost, Har Homa-Tekoa Highway, near the Spring by Hevron, El Arub, H Junction, T Junction by Tekoa, Arab Tekoa, between Efrat and El Hadar, Halhul, luben A-Shrakia, Postmans Junction Benjamin Region, Ras Karkar, Wadi Haramia, Sin'jil, Dir Abu Mishal, Nebe Zalah, near Ofra, Abud bypass, near Na'alin, Betliu, El Moyar, near Ba'al Hazor, Shokba, Abu Dis, Azaria, the Temple Mt., A'Zaim checkpost, Ras hamis, Issowiya, at the almond grove in Yitzhar, between Ariel and Nofei Nechemia, a rock barricade between Tapuah and Migdalim, Pundok, Gat Junction, this week also Beduin damaged property near Retamim.
^
These reports are translated and publicized by Yehudit Tayar for Hatzalah Yehudah and Shomron with the clearance and confirmation of the IDF. Hatzalah Yehudah and Shomron is a voluntary emergency medical organization with over 500 volunteer doctors, paramedics, medics who are on call 24/7 and work along with the IDF, 669 IAF Airborne Rescue, the security officers and personal throughout Yesha and the Jordan Valley, and with MDA.
We, the volunteers of Hatzalah Yehudah and Shomron go out to rescue anyone who needs our emergency medical assistance; including civilians, military and Arabs also those within the PA territories. (with IDF presence) To us a life is precious and we go out at risk leaving home and family or stopping on the road to rescue anyone in need.
From the reports which we received here is a partial summary of the hundreds of attempts to murder innocent Jews during the past week;
3 IDF soldiers, 9 civilians, and 3 policemen were injured:
· Civilian injured from rocks a Sinjal, child injured moderately from bottle thrown on bus at the Mt. of Olives, young civilian injured from rocks near Ofra, 5 children moderately from rocks between El Hadar and Efat,
· IDF soldier moderately from rocks near the Tunnel Road, IDF soldier moderately in his head from rocks near T Junction in Etzion, IDF soldier moderately at El Fuar, Border policeman moderately from rocks at Abu Dis, 2 policemen moderately at the Temple Mt., Fireman moderately injured from rocks at Issawiya during attempt to extinguish a fire at Opharin Base.
We received reports of at least 143 Molotov Cocktail attacks:
100 at Azoria, 6 Abu Dis, 9 Shuafat Refugee Camp, 1 at bus at El Arub, 5 at car and 1 at security vehicle near Ofra, 4 Kever Rachel, 3 at security force at Tunnel Road checkpost, 4 at security force El Fuar, 3 at security force at Parsa Junction,1 thrown by rioters at Shuafat which caused a fire to break out near Pisgat Ze'ev, 1 at Ophrit Base, 2 at the security fence near Ja'ama.
10 explosive devices at Azaria
5 Arab rioters attacked a yeshiva student on his way to the Kotel (Western Wall)
3 PA policemen were apprehended who were involved in the murder of Ben Zion Livnat HY"D, after they had been released from prison by the PA after serving short sentences.
Arab with improvised weapon caught in his car at Bene Naim
This week also there were scores of attempted murder of innocent men, women and children by Arabs attacking with rocks thrown on the roads at the cars as they drove in their vehicles:
A partial list of the places where the attacks occurred:
160 turn - Hevron, Policeman checkpost - Hevron, Adoriam Junction Southern Hevron Hills, El Fuar, near the Tunnel Road checkpost, Har Homa-Tekoa Highway, near the Spring by Hevron, El Arub, H Junction, T Junction by Tekoa, Arab Tekoa, between Efrat and El Hadar, Halhul, luben A-Shrakia, Postmans Junction Benjamin Region, Ras Karkar, Wadi Haramia, Sin'jil, Dir Abu Mishal, Nebe Zalah, near Ofra, Abud bypass, near Na'alin, Betliu, El Moyar, near Ba'al Hazor, Shokba, Abu Dis, Azaria, the Temple Mt., A'Zaim checkpost, Ras hamis, Issowiya, at the almond grove in Yitzhar, between Ariel and Nofei Nechemia, a rock barricade between Tapuah and Migdalim, Pundok, Gat Junction, this week also Beduin damaged property near Retamim.
^
Are Yeshivah Students exempt from Army Service?
The next monthly Shiur given in English
by Rav Chayim Soloveichik will take place at
BEIT AVI CHAI
44 King George Street, Jerusalem
21st of Sivan, Thursday, May 30, 2013
at 5:00pm
BEIT AVI CHAI
44 King George Street, Jerusalem
21st of Sivan, Thursday, May 30, 2013
at 5:00pm
Topic:
”Are Yeshivah Students exempt from Army Service?"
Mincha will be at 4:45 pm
There is no charge and there is free parking
* Light refreshments will be served *
(Inquiries: 02-621 5300)
Please write to baruch@avichai.org.il to be added to our mailing list
Mincha will be at 4:45 pm
There is no charge and there is free parking
* Light refreshments will be served *
(Inquiries: 02-621 5300)
Please write to baruch@avichai.org.il to be added to our mailing list
^
Back to 'Storming'
From this Arab-language news site:
And here's their picture:
From the report:
Jews belong on the Temple Mount.
That's the bottom line.
^
Settlers and Soldiers storming the Haram and desecrate courtyards
And here's their picture:
From the report:
dozens of extremist settlers stormed Monday morning, the Al-Aqsa Mosque from the gate amid heavy police guard...Jamal Omar said around 40 settlers stormed into the morning hours ago Al-Aqsa Mosque in the form of groups, and wandered in the courtyards, trying to perform some Talmudic prayers.
...The Israeli Deputy Minister of Transportation Tzipi Ahtoboli [sic] stormed the Al-Aqsa Mosque amid tight security on Sunday afternoon...in a statement, the Al-Aqsa Foundation noted that Ahtoboli stormed the Haram, accompanied by a number of relatives and rabbis, a day before one of her wedding, pointing out that the raid came in coordination and with the consent of the chief of police of the year.
Jews belong on the Temple Mount.
That's the bottom line.
^
"Palestine Is 'Holier' To Muslims Than To Jews and Christians"
While researching for a paper on the Temple Mount in the beginning of the British Mandate for Palestine, I found the following information in a book entitled, The Balfour Declaration: The Origins of the Arab-Israeli Conflict by Jonathan Schneer, pages 245-246 -
^
^
Are Erekat & Co. Inveterate Liars?
You read this, among other newspapers, in the NYTimes:
December 5, 2012:-
And there are many more quotations declared at many occasions, going back to when all this started on June 14, 2009, when he said:
Please, don't believe anything Erekat ever says.
^
“The only one who needs to be convinced, and I urge Mr. Peres to exert every possible effort to convince him, is the prime minister of Israel saying he accepts two states on 1967,” Mr. Erekat told reporters here Sunday. “He needs to say it.”
He needs to say it?
Really?
But hasn't he?
Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu indicated on Wednesday, at his press conference with President Barack Obama, that Israel is "fully committed" to resolving the decades-long conflict with the Arabs with a solution which involves two states for two peoples.
..."My new government was sworn in two days ago. I know there have been questions regarding what the policy of the new government will be towards peace with the Palestinians,” said Netanyahu. “So let me be clear: Israel remains fully committed to peace and to the solution of two states for two peoples," he said...
December 5, 2012:-
Israel remains committed to a negotiated settlement with the Palestinians, Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu said on Wednesday..."We remain committed to a negotiated settlement between us and our Palestinian neighbors," Netanyahu said during a visit to Prague. "That solution is a two-state solution for two peoples, a peace in which a demilitarized Palestinian state recognizes the one and only Jewish state of Israel."
And there are many more quotations declared at many occasions, going back to when all this started on June 14, 2009, when he said:
"A fundamental prerequisite for ending the conflict is a public, binding and unequivocal Palestinian recognition of Israel as the nation state of the Jewish people," Netanyahu said. "If we receive this guarantee regarding demilitarization and Israel's security needs, and if the Palestinians recognize Israel as the state of the Jewish people, then we will be ready in a future peace agreement to reach a solution where a demilitarized Palestinian state exists alongside the Jewish state."
Please, don't believe anything Erekat ever says.
^
Sunday, May 26, 2013
Details of Peres' Diplomacy
The summary of President Peres' diplomacy today, having met with King
Abdullah II of Jordan
That came from Yair Zivan – International Media Coordinator, Office of the President of Israel.
Some of his words:
Okay, so that last sentence is lifted from Menachem Begin's greeting to Sadat in the Knesset on November 20, 1977, - "We have learned from history, Mr. President, that war is avoidable. It is peace that is inevitable" - but otherwise those words are a mixture of platitudes and irrational wishful-thinking.
Oh, Abbas' version.
_________________
Thanks to IMRA:
...as can be seen by Section 11 of Basic Law: The President of the State
(see below)...[the President] has no actual role representing the Government of Israel. His role with regard to conventions with foreign states is limited to ceremoniously signing the conventions after they have been ratified by the Knesset.
Follow-up:
^
the two leaders discussed ways to revive peace negotiations in the region and means to overcome obstacles facing the peace process. King Abdullah and President Peres stressed that the two-state solution is the only viable solution to end the conflict, achieve peace between the Palestinians and Israelis and enhance security and stability in the region. King Abdullah also highlighted the importance of the Arab peace initiative to realize a just and comprehensive peace in the region.
President Peres stressed that it is time to promote peace and help build a better future for coming generations and thanked King Abdullah for his efforts to promote peace. The two leaders hailed the US administration's efforts, led by US Secretary of State John Kerry, to revive the peace process.
That came from Yair Zivan – International Media Coordinator, Office of the President of Israel.
Some of his words:
President Abbas, you are our partner
and we are yours. You share our hopes and efforts for
peace, and we share yours. We can and should make the
breakthrough. We should not permit the hurdles to overcome us. History will
judge us not by the process of negotiations but by its outcome. The today
obstacles will pale in the light of peace. The "Arab Peace Initiative"
is a meaningful change and a strategic opportunity. It replaces the strategies of war
with the wisdom of peace. We must depart from the skepticism
that claims that war is inevitable. War is not inevitable. Peace is inevitable.
Okay, so that last sentence is lifted from Menachem Begin's greeting to Sadat in the Knesset on November 20, 1977, - "We have learned from history, Mr. President, that war is avoidable. It is peace that is inevitable" - but otherwise those words are a mixture of platitudes and irrational wishful-thinking.
Oh, Abbas' version.
_________________
Thanks to IMRA:
...as can be seen by Section 11 of Basic Law: The President of the State
(see below)...[the President] has no actual role representing the Government of Israel. His role with regard to conventions with foreign states is limited to ceremoniously signing the conventions after they have been ratified by the Knesset.
Basic Law: The President of the State_________________________
...
Functions and powers
11.
(a) The President of the State -
(1) shall sign every Law, other than a Law relating to its powers;
(2) shall take action to achieve the formation of a Government and shall receive the resignation of the Government in accordance with Law;
(3) shall receive from the Government a report on its meetings;
(4) shall accredit the diplomatic representatives of the State, shall
receive the credentials of diplomatic representatives sent to Israel by foreign states, shall empower the consular representatives of the State and shall confirm the appointments of consular representatives sent to Israel by foreign states;
(5) shall sign such conventions with foreign states as have been ratified by the Knesset;
(6) shall carry out every function assigned to him by Law in connection with the appointment and removal from office of judges and other office-holder's.
(b) The President of the State shall have power to pardon offenders and to lighten penalties by the reduction or commutation thereof.
(c) The President of the State shall carry out every other function and have every other power assigned to him by Law.
...
Departure for abroad
18. The President of the State shall not leave the territory of the State save with the sanction of the Government.
Follow-up:
Withdrawal from land leads to deaths, Economy and Trade Minister Naftali Bennett said Monday, responding to President Shimon Peres' speech calling for a two-state solution.
"I value our president, but the concept of withdrawals failed and brought thousands of victims," Bennett said at a Bayit Yehudi faction meeting. Bennett called for the government to declare "this is our land, and it is not for sale." The government's job is to provide security for its citizens, Bennett added, and the government is failing to do so in Judea and Samaria, where mothers and children in cars are pelted with rocks.
^
MK Tzipi Hotovely Went on An Ascent
She went on an ascent to the Temple Mount, a day before her wedding.
MK Deputy Minister for Transportion Tzipi Hotovely:
Was she a-stormin'?
She said (Hebrew):
* The custom is that a bride immerses herself in a mikveh prior to a wedding and since it is not fitting that an unmarried woman goes to a mikveh, the only chance such a woman can enter the Temple Mount if she is observant is close to her wedding day, after visiting the mikveh.
(k/t=LH)
__________________
UPDATE
Ramadan is approaching and so the shade coverings go up:
SECOND UPDATE
INN report.
^
MK Deputy Minister for Transportion Tzipi Hotovely:
Was she a-stormin'?
She said (Hebrew):
_____________
The visit was coordinated in advance with the police commander, after it was made clear to Hotovely that the purpose of the visit is personal only.
"Ascending to the Temple Mount is important to me on a personal level because of my wedding to be held tomorrow*. Establishing a family cell is not just a private event, but also wearing a national public dimension of building a ruin ruins of Jerusalem."
Hotoveli added, "This is the most sacred place for the Jewish people, and all Jews should be free to access it. Therefore restrictions imposed on public officials who want to climb the mountain - are improper."
* The custom is that a bride immerses herself in a mikveh prior to a wedding and since it is not fitting that an unmarried woman goes to a mikveh, the only chance such a woman can enter the Temple Mount if she is observant is close to her wedding day, after visiting the mikveh.
(k/t=LH)
__________________
UPDATE
Ramadan is approaching and so the shade coverings go up:
SECOND UPDATE
INN report.
^
The Untheologicalism of the Church of Scotland
To what country does this New Testament verse apply?
Acts1:8
Well in 2 Chronicles 21:16, we see that Arabs were a faraway people:
My concern for the Church of Scotland which, despite protests, has decided that its report will be amended but still instructs that
and that
As Ben Cohen notes in Ha’aretz, the Church is:
If the Church continues in this nonsensical direction, in addition to a problem of untheologicalism, they may be faced with another problem, one of expense
^
Was it an Arab country?
Perhaps Palestine?
Or was it the Land of Israel, the country of the Jews?
Acts1:8
And it what country did this take place?
But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit comes on you; and you will be my witnesses in Jerusalem, and in all Judea and Samaria, and to the ends of the earth.
John baptized in the wilderness and preached the baptism of repentance for the remission of sins. And there went out unto him all the land of Judea and those of Jerusalem; and they were all baptized by him in the River Jordan, confessing their sins.
And these events occured in what country?
Now when Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judea in the days of Herod the king, behold, there came wise men from the East to Jerusalem, saying, “Where is He that is born King of the Jews? For we have seen His star in the East and have come to worship Him.” When Herod the king had heard these things, he was troubled, and all Jerusalem with him. And when he had gathered all the chief priests and scribes of the people together, he demanded of them where Christ should be born. And they said unto him, “In Bethlehem of Judea, for thus it is written by the prophet: ‘And thou, Bethlehem, in the land of Judah, art not the least among the princes of Judah; for out of thee shall come a Governor, that shall rule My people Israel.’”
It was the Land of Israel.
As it is written there, verses 19-20
But when Herod was dead, behold, an angel of the Lord appeared in a dream to Joseph in Egypt, saying, “Arise, and take the young Child and His mother, and go into the land of Israel, for they are dead who sought the young Child’s life.”
So why is the Church of Scotland being so contentious? So non-Biblical?
An Arab country?
The theology they express resonates this travesty:
The theology they express resonates this travesty:
“The Palestinians [are] Jesus' descendants" and "Jesus' story is his [Palestinian] people's story"
What can we learn in that connection from the Old Testament?
Moreover the Lord stirred up against Jehoram the spirit of the Philistines and of the Arabians who were near the Ethiopians.
When King Solomon presented gifts to the Queen of Sheba, even from Arabian kings, they came from far away:
And King Solomon gave unto the queen of Sheba all her desire, whatsoever she asked, besides that which Solomon gave her of his royal bounty. So she turned and went to her own country, she and her servants...besides what he had from the merchants, and from the traffic of the spice merchants, and from all the kings of Arabia, and from the governors of the country.
And as confirmed in Galatians 1:17, when Paul describes his travels to the Gentiles, not the Jews:
I did not go up to Jerusalem to see those who were apostles before I was, but I went into Arabia. Later I returned to Damascus.
My concern for the Church of Scotland which, despite protests, has decided that its report will be amended but still instructs that
Christians should not be supporting any claims by [Editor's note: “Jewish or” was here in the original version] any people to an exclusive or even privileged divine right to possess particular territory. We believe that is a misuse of the Hebrew Bible (the Christian Old Testament) and the New Testament to use it as a topographic guide to settle contemporary conflicts over land.
and that
the Church of Scotland does not agree with a premise that scripture offers any peoples a divine right to territory, and that the current situation in Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territory is characterised by an inequality in power.
As Ben Cohen notes in Ha’aretz, the Church is:
influenced by Sabeel's theology [and]... elevates the situation of the Palestinians, reinvented as Jesus's own people,
If the Church continues in this nonsensical direction, in addition to a problem of untheologicalism, they may be faced with another problem, one of expense
THE Church of Scotland is to investigate the spiralling cost of burials...The Kirk’s Church and Society Council is to address the issue of so-called “funeral poverty” caused by the sharp rise in the cost of burial plots and other associated charges.but that burial may be a figurative one, that of the sense of religion the Church purports to represent.
^
Temple Mount as a Cover Story
The cover:
The story:
^
The story:
As a result of earthquakes, Al-Aqsa Mosque on Jerusalem’s Temple Mount had to be dismantled and reconstructed in the 1930s and 1940s. Massive Cedar of Lebanon and cypress beams were reused, and others were simply removed. Some of these beams are significantly older than the mosque itself. Peretz Reuven asks in Wooden Beams from Herod’s Temple Mount: Do They Still Exist?: Were these timbers from Al-Aqsa once part of Herod’s Temple Mount architecture?A bit more detailed:
The Al-Aqsa Mosque has sustained serious earthquake damage over the years due to its construction on dirt-fill from Herod’s first century C.E . Temple Mount expansion. As a result, the Al-Aqsa Mosque has been rebuilt and renovated several times since its original Umayyad construction. During the 1930s and 1940s, large-scale restoration of the Al-Aqsa Mosque involved the removal of dozens of beams from the mosque’s ceiling, arcades and dome. The great beams, some of which are more than 42 feet long, were covered by modern boards for centuries. The wood inside the beams has a longer story to tell.That was the Jewish Temple, not a Muslim Mosque, on the Temple Mount.
High-quality Cedar of Lebanon and cypress beams from Herod’s Temple Mount would have been used and reused in a phenomenon known to archaeologists as “secondary use.” R.W. Hamilton’s 1949 publication on the dismantling of the Al-Aqsa Mosque already noted that many beams showed signs of secondary use. These signs include functional depressions or protrusions intended from their original use as well as decorative woodcarving styles from earlier periods.
Recent carbon-14 tests on the beams confirm their antiquity. Some
predate Herod’s Temple Mount: One beam dates to the ninth century B.C.E.—the First Temple period! The exact history of the beams is hard to pin down. They were likely used in two or more different constructions, and poor storage has led to the ever-quickening degradation of the beams.
Despite conservation issues, Peretz Reuven was able to make detailed analyses of the beams. For example, indentations on the underside of a beam with Herodian/Roman-period decorations suggest that it rested on column capitals in an earlier structure. The indentations are spaced at a similar interval to columns at Herod’s Royal Stoa.
^
No Freeze
In the past, I expressed concern that Benjamin Netanyahu, under pressure, would perhaps reconsider a "settlement freeze".
And I've leanred:
And I've leanred:
Source: Netanyahu will not freeze West Bank settlements
An official source in Jerusalem says that despite US Secretary of State John Kerry's urging for Israel to voluntarily halt settlement activity, the prime minister will not announce a building freeze in the West Bank..."Abu Mazen [Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas] received this opportunity once. This will not happen again,"
"If the Palestinians want to talk they know we are waiting for them at the table," the source said.
...Kerry urged Israel to voluntarily halt settlement activity, but added that the demand for such a freeze, as a pre-condition to direct talks, was not helpful.
“We are trying to get to talks without pre-conditions,” said Kerry. We do not want to get stuck in a place where we are arguing about a particular substantive issue that is part of a final settlement that and that argument takes you so long, that you never get to the negotiations that bring about the final settlement,” Kerry said.
The Palestinians insist that they would not talk with Israel until it had halted West Bank settlement activity and Jewish building in east Jerusalem.
Israel has refused to cede to that request and has insisted that talks should be held without pre-conditions.
Saturday, May 25, 2013
After London, Paris
A French soldier patrolling a business neighbourhood west of Paris has been stabbed in the neck by a man who quickly fled the scene and is being sought by police, President Francois Hollande said. The soldier was patrolling in uniform with two other men as part of France's Vigipirate anti-terrorist surveillance plan when he was approached from behind around 1600 GMT and stabbed in the neck with a knife or a box-cutter.
It spreads?
^
What A Mess in Metz
A bit of history you may not know from Pierre Birnbaum's A Tale of Ritual Murder in the Age of Louis XIV:The Trial of Raphaël Lévy, 1669.
In short, from a review:
^
In short, from a review:
Lévy, a small-scale livestock dealer from Boulay traveled to nearby Metz on the eve of the Jewish New Year in 1669 to purchase a shofar for the holiday. Shortly afterward, he was summoned to Metz to answer questions about the disappearance of a Christian child who had vanished on the road from Boulay to Metz on the day of Lévy's travels. Relying on trial documents and the journal of an anonymous Jew, Birnbaum painstakingly reconstructs the contradictory, hateful, and irrational testimony of the prosecution's witnesses and the vehement defense of the accused, who was tortured...the intendant of Metz, who represented the king, protected the Jews from would-be rioters riled up by the trial. Furthermore, the king's Council of State prohibited the Metz parlement from carrying out its death sentence. The king himself prohibited future trials for ritual murder and forbade even the belief in the charge. Nonetheless, as Birnbaum relates, new accusations of ritual murder arose well into the modern period. Even Abbé Grégoire, who championed the emancipation of the Jews, refused to dismiss the possibility that a few Jews in the past had committed ritual murder. Birnbaum's focus, however, is not on Grégoire or even on the Damascus affair, but on the intense role that blood libel played during the Dreyfus affair.
^
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