Thursday, October 31, 2013

Scientists Identify Why Newborns Get Sick So Often

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Scientists Identify Why Newborns Get Sick So Often
Oct 31st 2013, 17:32

New study sheds light on why newborns appear to be so prone to getting sick with viruses�they are born without one of the key proteins needed to protect them. This protein, called "toll-like receptor 3" or "TLR3," is involved in the recognition of different viruses and mediates the immune response to them. Without this protein, newborn immune cells are not equipped to recognize and react appropriately to certain viruses, in particular, the herpes simplex virus known as HSV.

"This study helps to understand the molecular basis for the immaturity of the immune system of newborns, which we believe will contribute to development of therapeutic interventions to protect this vulnerable population group," said Lucija Slavica, a researcher involved in the work from the Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research at the University of Gothenburg in Gothenburg, Sweden.

To make this discovery, scientists compared cells from the cord blood of newborns with the same type of blood cells from adults. The cells from newborns did not contain the protein TLR3, which was present in adult cells. These cells rid the body of viral-infected cells, ultimately eliminating viral infections. When researchers treated both cell groups with a synthetic component mimicking a viral presence, the adult immune cells reacted by secreting substances involved in immune reaction against viruses (interferon-gamma) and killed cells infected with virus, while cells from newborns could not do this or were impaired in performing this function.

"This study adds to the growing body of research stemming from the Nobel-winning discovery in 2011 on how the immune system recognizes microbes by shedding light on how these pathways develop over time after birth," said John Wherry, Ph.D., Deputy Editor of the Journal of Leukocyte Biology. "This report is particularly important - as any new parent can attest, infants are particularly susceptible to infections and understanding which pathways are not yet functional could lead to novel therapies."

Source-Eurekalert

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French is Sexiest Language in World: Poll

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French is Sexiest Language in World: Poll
Oct 31st 2013, 17:32


According to the Hotels.com survey, the country is marked as a desired tourist destination for not only its majestic architecture or its reputation as the capital of romance but also the sensual charm of the French language, the New York Daily News reported.

The poll, which surveyed 8,000 respondents around the world, placed Italian as the second sexiest language for being famously expressive, followed by the British accent.

A survey conducted by OnePoll.com in 2009, 5,000 female respondents named the Irish accent the sexiest on the planet, followed by Italian, Scottish and then French.

Source-ANI

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Famous Sauce Supply Threatened by US Spicy Smell Row

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Famous Sauce Supply Threatened by US Spicy Smell Row
Oct 31st 2013, 16:33


The California city of Irwindale, outside Los Angeles, has taken legal action against Sriracha maker Huy Fong Food's facility, after neighbors complained about strong odors.

On Thursday a judge could order the factory to stop production, in what would threaten next year's supplies of Chili Garlic, Sambal Oelek, and the wildly popular Sriracha "rooster" sauce, according to the Los Angeles Times.

Neighbors also complained about burning eyes and throats from the factory.

The chilis for next year's sauce supplies are all processed in a three-month time period that is just at its peak, after the peppers were harvested and ground within a single day to maintain their fresh taste, the Times said.

But company owner David Tran said air filters already prevent odors escaping as much as is physically possible -- and he also alleged that some of the complainants do not actually live next to the facility, but further away.

"To filter 100 percent, I haven't found any engineer (who) can do it," the Vietnam-born businessman told local radio station KPCC, adding that the best that can be achieved is stopping 90 percent of smells from escaping.

"The neighbor complained to us. We thought that, no, the punch of the chili won't (reach) 1,500 feet away. I don't buy it," he added.

On Thursday, a judge will rule on the city's request for a temporary restraining order. It has also asked for a permanent injunction, which, if granted, would stop production until the factory can remedy the odor problem.

Sriracha sauce, of which Huy Fong Foods is the biggest producer in the United States, takes its name from the town of Si Racha in Thailand, where the hot sauce was first produced.

Source-AFP

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Lagerfeld Attracts Ire of Curvy Women Rights Group

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Lagerfeld Attracts Ire of Curvy Women Rights Group
Oct 31st 2013, 16:33


The association -- called "Pretty, curvy, sexy and fine with it" -- filed the complaint at the prosecutor's office in the western city of Saintes, accusing the haute couture star of "defamatory and discriminatory comments", its president Betty Aubriere said.

The Chanel designer, who lost 42 kilos (93 pounds) more than a decade ago and wrote a book about it, has periodically criticised overweight people and lauded thinness.

"No one wants to see curvy women on the catwalk", he is cited as saying in the recently published book "The world according to Karl", which collates some of his most famous quotes.

He repeated this on television earlier this month, and said France's healthcare system was struggling partly because of "all the illnesses contracted by people who are too fat."

"It's the fat women sitting in front of televisions with their pack of crisps who say slim models are hideous", he was also quoted as saying in the book.

Lagerfeld's comments -- he once also said singer Adele was "a little too fat" -- have caused controversy and concern in an industry often criticised for employing wafer thin and unhealthy models.

Aubriere told AFP that famous people must stop coming out with these "insults."

"We're fed up. Many young girls are insecure and hearing such comments is terrible for them", said the head of the association, which was set up in January 2012 in Saintes.

"Today it's him who insults us and tomorrow who will it be?" Aubriere added, calling for a law to deal with discrimination against curvy people.

Aubriere pointed out that young, curvy girls who are the victim of insults from their classmates sometimes leave school altogether.

She added there needed to be an awareness campaign in schools "so that people understand that curves are often an illness or genetic, and not due to a poor diet."

Source-AFP

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Buenos Aires Opens New School for Transvestites and Transsexuals

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Buenos Aires Opens New School for Transvestites and Transsexuals
Oct 31st 2013, 16:33


Mocha Celis, which hosts 40 students on the fifth floor of an abandoned railway building in the Chacarita commercial neighborhood, will see its first class in December next year.

With courses tailored so as not to clash with the transvestite or transsexual lifestyle, the idea that the young people earn the equivalent of a high school diploma before they enter the workforce.

Since most of the students prostitute themselves at night and catch some sleep in the morning, classes take place in the afternoon, taught by volunteer teachers.

Daniela Mercado, 27, is determined to catch up on lost time.

A transvestite, Mercado left her native city of Mendoza at the age of 13. Her father had beat her severely when he discovered she was gay.

"I would have preferred to have a son who steals or takes drugs," he had told Mercado the day she left home.

He prevents her from seeing her brothers, out of concern she would "infect" them with her homosexuality.

Mercado finished primary school in 1998. And it is only now, 15 years later that she is back in a classroom.

"These are 15 years during which I neither studied nor worked," a somber Mercado said, her long black hair glamorous but her attire low-key, jeans and a black jacket over a white T-shirt.

Mocha Celis, named after an illiterate transvestite who was shot dead in the 1990s, "wants to provide a range of opportunities to choose from," said project coordinator Francisco Quinones.

"Our hope is that prostitution is no longer the only means of survival."

Managed by the Divine Diversity Treasury Foundation, the school first took off with very rudimentary facilities that have since been improved thanks to a state grant.

As it awaits financing from the Buenos Aires government, the school is running thanks to a state subsidy for the needs of the LGBT community, or lesbians, gays, bisexuals and transsexuals.

Argentina legalized gay marriage in 2010 -- the first Latin American country to do so -- and two years later allowed transvestites and transsexuals to choose the sex with which they wish to be identified.

Today, Mercado has found an alternative to the streets by cooking apple pastries based on her own recipe and selling them for 10 pesos ($1.70) in Chacarita and to the other students.

"And it's working," she said enthusiastically after learning her newfound trade through cooking classes at the school.

Mercado took advantage of the new law on transvestites to be listed as "female" on her identity card.

Each day, she spends hours on public transport between the Gonzalez Catan suburb and the capital 35 kilometers (22 miles) away.

She long avoided taking the bus or city trains and it took her time to stop fearing malevolent looks of rejection from other passengers.

Mercado also recalled how she sank into a life of cocaine use.

"When you prostitute yourself, you get a lot of vices. And to buy your drugs, you need money, so it's a vicious circle. Sober, I can't stay on the streets," she said.

"I don't know what it's like to have a sexual relationship without getting paid and thinking about how I am going to spend the money."

In Argentina, transvestites have a life expectancy of 35 -- compared to an average of 75 for the population as a whole -- their lives cut short by drugs, violence and sexually transmitted diseases.

Some beat the odds, however, like 77-year-old Mocha Celis student Rosa Brito, who dreams of finishing high school to show her two sons and six grandchildren that she "can do it, despite the age."

She was critical of some of the students who come to study with excessive makeup and over-the-top, body-shaping outfits.

"I tell them that being feminine is to imply, not to show," said Brito.

Mercado is placing all her hopes in her training and aims to find a "normal job" where she will not be subjected to discrimination.

But she faces a tough challenge.

Nationwide, about 85 percent of transvestites or transsexuals fail to finish school and about 70 percent engage in prostitution.

They are the butt of jokes, and victims of bullying and violence, a legacy that will take many years to unravel.

But Quinones said the very existence of Mocha Celis is a victory and a testament to years of fighting for the rights of trans and transvestite minorities.

Source-AFP

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Falling Cigarette Sales Could Force Japan Tobacco to Cut 1,600 Jobs

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Falling Cigarette Sales Could Force Japan Tobacco to Cut 1,600 Jobs
Oct 31st 2013, 16:33

Falling sales of cigarettes could force Japan Tobacco to cut over 1,600 jobs and close down four factories, media reports revealed.

In a major overhaul, JT will cut about a fifth of its 8,900 workforce in its core tobacco business, public broadcaster NHK said.


In addition to the job cuts, which the company wants to make through voluntary retirement and other schemes, it will also close four out of nine factories in Japan and reduce the number of its branch offices from 25 to 15, the broadcaster said, citing unnamed sources.

JT, one of the world's biggest tobacco firms, whose international brands include Winston and Camel, has a brisk overseas business but has suffered lacklustre domestic sales, as Japan's once huge number of smokers shrinks.

Japan has traditionally been unusual among industrialised countries for the size of its smoking population, but there are signs it is catching up. Figures from Japan Tobacco show that 21 percent of adults smoke now, down from 25 percent in 2009.

An increased sales tax, set to be introduced in April, is also expected to take its toll on the domestic market, and observers say they expect the company to focus on overseas sales and other segments such as food and medical products.

JT told AFP that the company "has not made any decisions" about its domestic tobacco business.

"The company constantly considers various measures on strengthening its competitiveness," it said in a statement.

Source-AFP

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Results of Almost One in Three Large Clinical Trials Do Not Get Published

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Results of Almost One in Three Large Clinical Trials Do Not Get Published
Oct 31st 2013, 16:33

Nearly a third of large, randomized clinical trials registered with ClinicalTrials.gov do not get published in scientific journals with the website also not display the results of around 78 percent of the unpublished trials, a new analysis of over 585 trials revealed.

As a result, nearly 300,000 people who were enrolled in the 171 unpublished trials "were exposed to the risks of trial participation without the societal benefits which accompany the dissemination of trial results," said Christopher W. Jones, MD, a former resident physician at University of North Carolina School of Medicine who is now an attending physician at Cooper Medical School of Rowan University in Camden, N.J. and lead author of the study published in the Oct. 29, 2013 issue of the British Medical Journal.

Non-publication of clinical trials has been a controversial issue in recent years. In particular, industry-funded clinical trials - such as those paid for by pharmaceutical companies - have come under fire on allegations that such trials are often not published when the results are not favorable to the drug or other product being tested.

Source-Eurekalert

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