I used to say that when examination comes, only the teachers and parents would worry, not the students. I think I am wrong this time around, I start to see worried faces among the students of mine. What I want to write here maybe longwinded to some, but I promise you that after this exam, I won't nag you anymore.
For circular motions, centripetal force is the resultant force of all the forces whose line of action passes through the centre of the circle. The resultant force needs to be positive for circular motion to be possible.( Forces towards centre are positive and away from it negative). For roller coaster and a pail of water going in a vertical circle, the reaction keeps the passengers and the water from fallin down when it is at the highest point (strange it may sound). At the highest point, if mg is greater than "centripetal force", water/passengers will fall. It needs a minumum speed for it to go round. If the roller coaster is on the outside circumference of the vertical circle, then it has a maximum speed, higher than this, the roller coaster will ' fly off ' the track.
For SHM, don't forget the definition of the motion and the equation representing the S.H.M. Natural frequency is the frequency of free oscillation of the oscillatory system. It can be forced by another system (driver ) system to oscillate at any frequency following the driver's frequencies but the amplitudes will be small because transfer of energy from the driver will not be effecient. As the frequencies closer to natural frequency, the transfer of energy becomes more efficient and the amplitude increases. At its natural frequency, it will oscillate with maximum ( compared to other frequencies of the same arrangement ) amplitude. Resonance occurs or the system resonates with the driver system. Make sure you know of cases of desirable resonance and undesirable resonance. Same with damping, make sure you know of cases where critical damping is desirable (car's suspension system) and undesirable ( damping of pendulam clock). For the swing of the pendulum, the angle need to be small because the formulation of the equation uses the approximation that for small angle sin a= angle a in radian. For a big angle of swing, the equation is no longer true.
For waves:- to test whether the wave from a source is polarised or unpolarised, we use only one polaroid and rotate the single polaroid:-- if the intensity changes with the rotation, then it is a polarised wave. Otherwise it is unpolarised wave.
To test whether a wave can be polarised or not, we use 2 polaroids and rotate the second polaroid. If the intensity of wave after the 2nd polaroid changes from max to min and to max, the the wave can be polarised. If no change detected, then it cannot be polarised.
For double slits experiment for visible light, the formula lamda = ax/D can be used. When forming this formula, we use the approximation that sin a = tan a for small angle.For microwave double slit interference, because the wavelength is much larger than visible light, the angle is no longer small and the formula cannot be used for calculation of wavelength. We have to use the path different method. For the first maxima after the central maxima, the difference in the distance from the point to the individual source will be 1 wavelenth and so on.
In the fields (gravitational,electrical and magnetic) lines drawn to represent field strength were not evenly spaced because the field strength were not linear.Same with the potentials for gravitational and electrical. They are either inversely proportional to distance or inversely proportional to the square of the distance. ( But the difference in magnitudes btween the consecutive lines is the same.
Due to lack of time, I can only write this much because I have to get it published today. Later than that, you won't have time to read.
Once again, good luck to all.