Joel Ricks, was born on Donaldson Creek farm in Trigg
County, Kentucky 18 February 1804. He
married first Eleanor Martin on May 1, 1827.
After his marriage, he remained with his father working on
the farm until July 15, 1829, when he visited the new state of Illinois for the
purpose of looking up its advantages for settlers. He made the trip on horseback and after going as far north as
Madison County, he finally located a farm on Silver Creek, about 20 miles east
of Alton. He then returned to Kentucky
and in company with a brother-in-law, Abel Olive, and cousin, William Ricks and
their families, he again returned to Illinois on September 12, 1829.
Abel Olive secured a farm a short distance from Mr. Ricks
and William Ricks, one further north in Christian County, where his descendents
continue to live to the present time.
Mr. Ricks was a hard-working and industrious man and
accumulated property quite rapidly, and soon became one of the foremost farmers
of that region.
About 1830, Mr. Ricks and his wife joined the Campbellite
(Christian) Church, with which they continued to affiliate with until the fall
of 1840, when Mormon missionaries came into the neighborhood preaching their
doctrines. Mr. Ricks attended one of
their meetings out of curiosity, but soon discovered that the new doctrine
agreed in every respect with his interpretation of the doctrines of
Christianity taught by the Savior, and his apostles, as recorded in the New
Testament. He therefore accepted the
new religion and was baptized by Elder George Boosinger on June 6, 1841.
On March 20, 1842, Mr. Ricks started on a visit to Nauvoo,
Illinois to see for himself what the new church organization was, and what
manner of man was Joseph Smith, the prophet.
While at Nauvoo, he had several interviews with the prophet and with
prominent Mormons and returned to his home greatly impressed with what he had
seen. In August 1845, he sold all his
possessions in Madison County, and in company with James Olive, removed with
his family to Nauvoo and was thereafter unto the time of his death identified
with the Mormon organization.
Shortly after his arrival at Nauvoo he purchased a city lot
on the Prairie some distance back of the Temple, for a town residents and also
a farm at Appanoose. At Appanoose at
this time resided Ezra Allen and family of whom we shall have occasion to speak
later.
During his residence at Nauvoo, Mr. Ricks was actively
engaged in assisting to erect the magnificent temple. During this period, the prejudice against the Mormon people in
Illinois was very pronounced, being stirred up by irresponsible people, who
hoped to profit by expulsion of the Mormons from the state. Bands of lawless men roamed about the country
and destroyed hundreds of thousands of dollars worth of Mormon property,
burning homes, driving away cattle, and in other ways harassing the
people. Repeated appeals were made to
the governor of the state, but as he seemed to be in sympathy with the outlaws,
no redress was obtained for their wrongs.
Feeling that there was no hope of living at peace with their Christian
neighbors, or enjoying their rights guaranteed by the Constitution, within the
limits of the United States, they determined to seek a new home in the wilds of
the unknown West. This exodus was
determined upon during the season of 1845 and began in the early winter of that
year. Leaving their possessions to
their enemies, thousands of the Saints abandoned their homes in the dead of
winter, and began the long weary pilgrimage towards the Missouri River.
Mr. Ricks, with several teams, crossed the Mississippi River
at Fort Madison, on April 27, 1846 and was among the pioneers who crossed the
territory of Iowa. At regular intervals
these companies tarried for a few days and plowed and sewed large tracts of
land to be harvested by those who should come after them.
Arriving at the Missouri River near Council Bluffs in July,
Mr. Ricks and family made a temporary residence on Silver Creek, where he
planted and harvested a crop and made other arrangements to continue the
journey westward. In 1847, he sent out
one of his best teams with a pioneer company, which left the Missouri River for
the Rocky Mountains. Under the
leadership of Brigham Young, this company, after many hardships and trials,
reached the Valley of the Great Salt Lake on July 24, 1847, where they founded
Salt Lake City.
Mr. Ricks remained
at the Missouri River until the spring of 1848, when he joined the great
company under the leadership of Heber C. Kimball. This company consisted of
2417 souls and 792 wagons and was probably one of the largest caravans that
ever crossed the Great Plains.
While on Elkhorn
River, about 20 miles west of Omaha, this company was attacked by Indians.
Thomas E. Ricks and a number of other young men crossed the river on horseback
to drive in some cattle that were feeding there when the Indians opened fire
upon them. Thomas was wounded and fell from his horse and was left for dead by
his companions. As soon as the news was brought to camp, Mr. Ricks hitched up
a team and crossing the river went out in search of the body of his son,
supposing that he had been killed.
After looking around for some minutes he was set upon by two Indians on
horse back. As soon as he saw them he turned his horses towards camp and tried
to escape but they rode up on each side of him and one of them pointed his gun
at Mr. Ricks and with the muzzle two or three feet from his body, pulled the
trigger, the gun misfired. This was repeated two or three times and when the Indian found he could not kill him,
he dropped back to the rear of
the wagon where he stole a small trunk containing some clothing belonging to
Mrs. Ricks, which he carried away with him. Mr. Ricks always felt that this
escape on this occasion was providential. It transpired that Thomas had been
rescued by some of his companions who had crossed the river and, finding him
lying in the grass, had succeeded in carrying him away. The wounds that he
received on that occasion he carried in his body as long as he lived.
As the departure of
the company could not be delayed and as Mr. Ricks was determined to go to the
Rocky Mountains with his company, a spring wagon was fitted up and Thomas was
placed in it and was carried along in the pilgrimage westward. He recovered
rapidly and was pretty nearly well before the company reached the Rocky
Mountains.
On arriving at the
valley of the Great Salt Lake, in September, Mr. Ricks located temporarily at
Bountiful, about 12 miles north of Salt Lake City, where he erected a saw mill
and remained during the winter of 1848-49.
In the spring of 1849, he took up some land at the foot of the mountains
at Centerville, about 6 miles north of Bountiful, where he made him a home and
continued to reside for nine years. His
former frontier experience stood
him in good hand and enabled him to prosper in this western wilderness.
Soon after locating
at Centerville he engaged in the tanning business at Farmington, the county
seat of Davis county, about six miles north of Centerville.
While residing at Centerville he passed through the famine period caused by the grasshoppers and crickets. It was in the year 1854, when the crops along the fertile district
lying between the mountains and the lake were growing nicely with the prospects
of an abundant harvest that the grasshoppers came. They came in such numbers
that the settlers saw at once, that unless something could be done to drive
them away that everything green would soon disappear and that all prospects of
a harvest would vanish. When it is remembered that the nearest settlement was
more than a thousand miles distant this prospect looked gloomy indeed. Being of
a religious temperament and having had occasion to rely upon the Lord before,
all went to him in this instance, and strange to say the next morning soon
after sun rise, the grass hoppers rose in the air like a cloud and in such
numbers as to darken the sun, it seemingly being a habit with them to exercise
after a night passed on the growing crops. While in the air a strong wind came
down off the mountains and blew them suddenly over the lake where the myriads
settled in the briny waters and were drowned, later when the wind changed from
the west these grass hoppers were washed upon the shore in such number that for
miles and miles they made a windrow two or three feet deep. The crops were saved. This case was paralleled two or three years before when the crops were green and thrifty, thousands
of millions of crickets came marching down off the mountains like, a vast army
invading the plain. The settlers saw at once that unless something happened
that every green thing would disappear from the earth in a short time, but
remembering the Lord and feeling sure that He would help them in the hour of
trial they laid their case before Him. This time tens of thousands of seagulls
carne out of the west, pouncing down upon the army of crickets and destroying
them. The old settlers of this region regarded these occurrences in the nature
of miracles, as remarkable as the flight of quails, which saved the Israelites
during their flight from Egypt. The first legislature of Utah, in recognition
of this, passed a law making it a penal offense to kill a gull within the
limits of the state. This law is still on the statute books of Utah.
In the spring of 1858 when the territory was threatened with invasion
by the United States army all of the Mormon settlers left their homes again and
headed towards the desert region, towards Mexico. Mr. Ricks with his family went with the rest as far as Nebo in
Juab valley. Fortunately the government
was convinced of the folly of its course and peace was restored and the Saints
returned to their homes. Mr. Ricks and his family reached Centerville early in
July. It is a fact that in most of the settlements where crops had been planted
that they had grown and matured without irrigation and without any care from
anyone and were ready for harvesting on the return of the settlers.
The spring of 1859 settlers began to be attracted by reports of the richness
of Cache Valley, located about 75 miles north of Centerville. Mr. Ricks in company with James Quayle and
Justin Shepard decided to go up and look over that region. Arriving in
Wellsville about the first of June they found about 10 or 12 families who had
built a few cabins and were engaged in putting in crops. They crossed to the
eastern side of the valley and riding along the foot of the mountains they came
to Providence Bench, overlooking the bottom lands of the Logan River, which at
that time were covered with a dense growth of willows and cottonwood, and the
sage brush flat where Logan now stands. Not being able to cross the river to
the north side they rode down through what is now the College district and
returned to Wellsville for the night.
Notwithstanding the lateness of the season they found snow several feet
deep on the northern slope of all of the hills.
Cache Valley at that time was so cold that for several years after the
arrival of the first settlers it was not an uncommon occurrence for frost to
bite the wheat in July. Mr. Ricks decided to locate in the new valley and
returning to Farmington began to make preparations for removal. About July 20,
he took his wife Sarah B. and her family and started to Cache Valley where they
arrived on the 23rd of July, making a temporary encampment on the present site
of the Brigham Young College. Later he made his home and built a cabin on the
corner that is now occupied by the Thatcher Brothers Bank building. After
putting up hay for the winter he returned to Centerville and brought his other
family to Logan and built them a cabin on the brow of the hill where Moses
Thatcher's residence now stands. Since that time, Mr. Ricks has been identified
with every step for the development of Logan and Cache Valley.
In connection with Ezra T. Benson and others he built the first saw
mill and grist mill in Logan, he also engaged in the tanning business which at
that time was a very important industry for the early settlers. He was one of
the first stockholders of the Co-operative Institutions which were organized
in 1868, also the Deseret Telegraph Company, which was formed about the same
time. He maintained for years a ferry boat on the Logan River on the west side
of the valley, and later built a bridge there which he presented to the county.
He served as Treasurer for Cache County for more than 30 years. He was always
regarded as one of the foremost citizens of Logan, an honest, reliable,
hardworking man. At the time of his death his descendents in the Rocky Mountain
Region numbered 377 souls.
Eleanor Martin, Mr. Ricks' first wife, having been born and reared on the frontiers of civilization was in every
respect a true wife and a noble woman. Her life was cast among the people and
in a region where troubles and trials were the lot of all, but she never
faltered in her duties or shirked a responsibility. She wore out her life in
the finding and redeeming a wilderness and we feel sure that in the great
hereafter when justice shall be done to those who laid down their lives for the
race, she will be counted among the noble ones. She died Feb. 18. 1882.
Eleanor Martin Rick's own account of the important events of her life
is written on the first page of a book, which records Patriarchal Blessings
given by her husband Joel Ricks. She lived in Clark County, Kentucky, until she
was twelve years of age, when she moved with her father to Trigg County.
Following her marriage to Joel Ricks in 1827, the events of her life follow
closely those of her husband. They were
both baptized on the same day; they went through the Nauvoo Temple together,
and they shared in the great exodus of the Saints from Nauvoo.
Her first Utah home was at Farmington. In 1857 she moved with her
husband to Logan, Utah, where she arrived before the first surveying of the
city had been completed. Joel and Eleanor are undoubtedly the only couple who
have their names on the deeds of every piece of property on the west side of
Logan Main Street between Center Street and First North. In this area, about where the Bluebird now
stands Joel built a large rock house.
Whenever LDS church authorities visited Logan, they went directly to the
Ricks home where they were sure of kindly hospitality. Eleanor kept an immaculate home and was an
excellent cook.
To illustrate her southern hospitality her grandchildren say that every
fall their grandmother held a “Pumpkin Festival”. When the crop was at its best
and the new molasses was ready for sweetening she sent word to all her
grandchildren to come to see her during a certain week. Then she made dozens of
pies and served her family and friends generously. When she grew older and
could no longer see to read her Bible and Book of Mormon, it was these same
grandchildren who read to her.
Eleanor was trained in the arts, which grace the home. A lace collar of netting, which is a
keepsake of the family, is an exquisite example of her scale. Her curtains and the deep valances on her
spotless bed’s were edged with her knitted lace. Those who saw them honored her white knitted bedspreads. She wore fine blue and white counterpanes. Her flowerbeds brightened the desert.
Eleanor was a descendent of James Martin and Sarah Harris, and of Thomas
Turner and Catherine Smith. Her lines
include the Daubneys, Jennings, Overtons, Clairbornes Smiths of Virginia.
The following is an excerpt from the obituary of Eleanor Martin Ricks
published in a Logan paper:
". . . She was the mother of eleven children and had ninety-four
great grandchildren . . . she endured with her husband many of the hardships
and persecutions heaped upon the Saints in early days. She crossed the plains
in 1848, and even when in the midst of the desert one of her sons was shot down
by savages, she did not murmur or complain. The greatest anxiety of her later
years was that she might live to enter the Logan Temple and there do work for
her dead that she could not do anywhere else. But the Temple was not completed,
and hence her desires were not realized . . ."
However, as soon as the temple opened, through her husband's efforts,
the work, which she had dreamed of doing, was accomplished, and a record of it
was carefully preserved.
Note: BYU has the Joel Ricks Family papers and histories in its Special Collections Department in the basement of the Harold B. Lee Library.