In any market, there are 2 fools :
“One charges too much
The other does not charge enough” Russian proverb.
What is pricing.?
In economic term, what we need to give up to receive/acquire something we want/desire.
================================
Why study pricing.
- Pricing is everywhere – rental, tuition fees, salary etc
- Pricing is a MAJOR determinant of how buyer make decision, esp. in poorer countries, among lower income segment, with commodity type product eg agriculture produce - rice, natural resource - oil, minerals.
- Of course, there are also non price factor when buyer make a decision – eg luxury good.
- Price is a MAJOR determinant in a company’s profitability (so, how to max. profit?) and market share (to gain market share that leads to lower production cost, increase entry barrier).
- Price is the only element in marketing mix that result in revenues, the others are cost – eg marketing, place.
- Price can be change quickly unlike the other market mix – eg product features (need time to redesign, incorporate etc).
=====================================
How is pricing done (process)
Setting corporate policy/objectives(to max profit, recover cost, penetrate market) - select pricing method select pricing strategy that achieve the objectives.
Objectives : profit max is not the only objective, eg : social welfare may price to cater the income segment they serve, art theather (eg Esplanade) may price their production to fill seats (eg if their corporate mission is to introduce art to
the heartland population.)
Differentiate between pricing method and pricing strategy.
================================================================
What are the types of pricing methods ? – see 6P.
Understand the method and WHY –
Eg : cost plus – the cost (to breakeven) Plus the margin needed to make a profit . Who can use this method – Not suitable for every companies – depend on the industry, competitive landscape, etc . eg if the company production cost Is high, it cannot use this method, they will be priced out. Sometime, it is not necessary to use this method if there are not many competitors or the company need to skim. Thus pricing should be dynamic. Understand the rationale why.
Pricing strategy – see 6P.
There is a difference between psychological pricing(a strategy) and the psychology of pricing( understanding behaviour (eg the different type of goods/customer type (eg : innovator/laggard) to price. ).
Psychological pricing eg : priced at $1999, (HOPEFULLY and not working these days as it is used too often by too many companies) customer will think it is cheap. $188 per table (for Chinese New Year dinner) – play on the Chinese mentally that “8” represent prosperity and assuming everyone believe that it will bring luck/prosperity.
Others : promotional pricing (eg loss leader- why- draw traffic), discriminatory pricing – why to max profit/sales usually for providing the same service to different target group – eg airticket, buffet, cinema, discriminate based on timing, demographic, location.
===========================================
Some elements (determinants) of pricing – demand, cost
Understand whether demand is elastic or inelastic?
What is elastic demand/What is inelastic demand.
Elastic – demand quantity is sensitive to price change.
Inelastic - demand quantity is NOT so sensitive to price change.
So what are the factors affecting price sensitivity ?(see 6P)
Eg : substitute awareness effect – if consumers are more aware of available substitute, they are more price sensitive.
Marginal Cost. – see 6P,
Eg in airline, what is the cost to serve one more passenger – cost of his/her meal?? Etc maybe fuel cost (the heavier the plane load, the more fuel it consume) but neglible, others are fixed ie regardless of how many passengers eg ; staff to check in, airplane parking charges, number of pilots needed per flight etc
What other factors (from marketing standpoint eg : potential market size, niche market etc) to consider when pricing – see 6P.
Friday, October 31, 2008
Lesson 6 - PLC
Learning Objectives :
a) What is PLC?.
b) How it can be used in marketing/product management.
c) Intellectual Property and its importance.
What is Product Life Cycle?
a) a marketing tool.
What are the four stages in PLC ??? IGMD
What are the characteristic of a product in each stage. (See 6P)
ie what is the sales/profit/competition/customer behaviour like in each stage
eg : Introductory stage : expect sales to be low (why- bec, just introduce, low awareness) therefore, expect : low or negative profit
For each stage, what is the marketing strategy needed for each P.
Eg : at introductory :
Pricing : skimming (if need to recover cost and not much competitors) or penetration (if strategy is to gain market share and increase market entry barrier for competitors)
Place : (distribution): exclusive/niche
Promotion : to reach early adopters
Product characteristic : basic features.
================
What are the benefits and limitation of PLC??
- eg : it can be difficult to project the PLC is going to be like.
=================
Important : don't just undertand, what is PLC, need to know why (ie to understand the product behaviour) and then APPLY what you know (IMPORTANT - see 6P for application eg.)
=================
IP - what are the 3 forms?
when to apply for which one?
===================
a) What is PLC?.
b) How it can be used in marketing/product management.
c) Intellectual Property and its importance.
What is Product Life Cycle?
a) a marketing tool.
What are the four stages in PLC ??? IGMD
What are the characteristic of a product in each stage. (See 6P)
ie what is the sales/profit/competition/customer behaviour like in each stage
eg : Introductory stage : expect sales to be low (why- bec, just introduce, low awareness) therefore, expect : low or negative profit
For each stage, what is the marketing strategy needed for each P.
Eg : at introductory :
Pricing : skimming (if need to recover cost and not much competitors) or penetration (if strategy is to gain market share and increase market entry barrier for competitors)
Place : (distribution): exclusive/niche
Promotion : to reach early adopters
Product characteristic : basic features.
================
What are the benefits and limitation of PLC??
- eg : it can be difficult to project the PLC is going to be like.
=================
Important : don't just undertand, what is PLC, need to know why (ie to understand the product behaviour) and then APPLY what you know (IMPORTANT - see 6P for application eg.)
=================
IP - what are the 3 forms?
when to apply for which one?
===================
Lesson 5 - Value of Money
Theme : macro economic - studies aggregate output, employment and general PRICE level.
Key learning objectives :
a) What is MONEY? what are its characteristics.
b) What is the value of money, how is it determined?
c) What are the factors that affect VALUE of money.
d) How supply of money(cause) causes inflation(effect).
e) Forex and its impact.
Think of problems in trade before money was invented.
People barter trade.
Eg : a farmer who has a cow and want chicken and rice, need to trade with a chicken farmer and a rice farmer. (to get chicken rice)
i) how do to determine one cow is worth how many chickens.
How do they determine how many chickens can be exchange for 1 cow. How many bags of rice can be exchange for 1 cow.
ii) What if the chicken farmer has a small family and only need 1 cow leg and do not have refrigerator?
iii) What if the cow farmer wants to exchange for rice, but the rice farmer does not eat cow?
iv) What about the banana farmer who has a bumper crop and wants to exchange but no one need so much bananas. The bananas will rot over time.
Money resolves many of these problem . Thus money must :
a) act as medium of exchange
a labourer is paid a wage and he used this to exchange for food/other services
b) has store value
money received today can be used in the future. If banana is used as money,what will happen to its value?
c) is a measure of value (ie if it is a $10 note, it is worth $10)
serve as a common denominator of price and income. Eg : newspaper cost $1.00, students are paid $50 per day to work in exhibition.
d) fungibility : easily exchangeable.
e) divisible : unlike the cow which is not easily divisible.
=================
VALUE DETERMINED.
If the cow farmer exchange one cow for 5 chickens and both farmers are happy to exchange,that become value of 1 cow.
If tomorrow the cow farmer wants 10 chickens for 1 cow and both farmers are happy to exchange, that become value of 1 cow.
So : value for something is established when both parties are willing and happy.
=================
Think of the chips, box of chocolate and box of sweet - value of money is relative.
Eg : 6 month ago : box of chocolate : need 10 chips, box of sweet need 10 chips
Now : box of chocolate : need 12 chips, box of sweet need 12 chips
so value of chip???? - gone down.
6 month ago : box of chocolate : need 10 chips, box of sweet need 10 chips
Now : box of chocolate : need 12 chips, box of sweet need 10 chips
so value of chip???? - remain the same, value of choc went up.
=================
Look at demand and supply of money ($).
If supply of money goes up (shift to right),VALUE of money goes down.
VALUE of money goes down, prices of goods/services goes up (ie inflation).
Thus supply of money goes up (ie Government print more money), value of money goes down and cause inflation.
=================
FOREX
Value of 2 currencies is determined by demand and supply for the currencies.
In Singapore :
eg : If demand for Australian $ goes up ((because Singapore importers import more AU goods, many Singapore students go to study in AU and need to pay fees in AU$, many Singaporeans travellers goes to AU, AU$ will appreciate in value (ie go up) versus Singapore $.(ie more Singapore $ needed to exchange for AU$1.)
How are people affected :
a) Food( grapes, oranges, chocolate) from AU will cost more.
b) Your parent has to use more SIngapore $ to pay for your fees.
c) Travellers has to pay more for hotels etc.
===========================================
Good Book : Principles of Economics - Schaum's Outline series.
===========================================
Key learning objectives :
a) What is MONEY? what are its characteristics.
b) What is the value of money, how is it determined?
c) What are the factors that affect VALUE of money.
d) How supply of money(cause) causes inflation(effect).
e) Forex and its impact.
Think of problems in trade before money was invented.
People barter trade.
Eg : a farmer who has a cow and want chicken and rice, need to trade with a chicken farmer and a rice farmer. (to get chicken rice)
i) how do to determine one cow is worth how many chickens.
How do they determine how many chickens can be exchange for 1 cow. How many bags of rice can be exchange for 1 cow.
ii) What if the chicken farmer has a small family and only need 1 cow leg and do not have refrigerator?
iii) What if the cow farmer wants to exchange for rice, but the rice farmer does not eat cow?
iv) What about the banana farmer who has a bumper crop and wants to exchange but no one need so much bananas. The bananas will rot over time.
Money resolves many of these problem . Thus money must :
a) act as medium of exchange
a labourer is paid a wage and he used this to exchange for food/other services
b) has store value
money received today can be used in the future. If banana is used as money,what will happen to its value?
c) is a measure of value (ie if it is a $10 note, it is worth $10)
serve as a common denominator of price and income. Eg : newspaper cost $1.00, students are paid $50 per day to work in exhibition.
d) fungibility : easily exchangeable.
e) divisible : unlike the cow which is not easily divisible.
=================
VALUE DETERMINED.
If the cow farmer exchange one cow for 5 chickens and both farmers are happy to exchange,that become value of 1 cow.
If tomorrow the cow farmer wants 10 chickens for 1 cow and both farmers are happy to exchange, that become value of 1 cow.
So : value for something is established when both parties are willing and happy.
=================
Think of the chips, box of chocolate and box of sweet - value of money is relative.
Eg : 6 month ago : box of chocolate : need 10 chips, box of sweet need 10 chips
Now : box of chocolate : need 12 chips, box of sweet need 12 chips
so value of chip???? - gone down.
6 month ago : box of chocolate : need 10 chips, box of sweet need 10 chips
Now : box of chocolate : need 12 chips, box of sweet need 10 chips
so value of chip???? - remain the same, value of choc went up.
=================
Look at demand and supply of money ($).
If supply of money goes up (shift to right),VALUE of money goes down.
VALUE of money goes down, prices of goods/services goes up (ie inflation).
Thus supply of money goes up (ie Government print more money), value of money goes down and cause inflation.
=================
FOREX
Value of 2 currencies is determined by demand and supply for the currencies.
In Singapore :
eg : If demand for Australian $ goes up ((because Singapore importers import more AU goods, many Singapore students go to study in AU and need to pay fees in AU$, many Singaporeans travellers goes to AU, AU$ will appreciate in value (ie go up) versus Singapore $.(ie more Singapore $ needed to exchange for AU$1.)
How are people affected :
a) Food( grapes, oranges, chocolate) from AU will cost more.
b) Your parent has to use more SIngapore $ to pay for your fees.
c) Travellers has to pay more for hotels etc.
===========================================
Good Book : Principles of Economics - Schaum's Outline series.
===========================================
Thursday, October 30, 2008
Lesson 7 -Quiz
1. Minimum wage is part of ILO (International Labour Organisation) and respective governments’ effort on fixing a minimum price for employment.
a True
b False
Suggested Answer
True as this is government’s effort at fixing a price for a service.
Note: Singapore has no minimum wage – as it allows market forces to take precedence. The rationale is that with a minimum wage legislation, a country becomes less attractive to foreign investors as it drives up their costs unnecessarily.
2. Which of the following are pricing objectives that AirAsia had to consider before launching their maiden flights?
I. Use of low price to gain sales and market share
II. Position the services as without frills, value for money
III. How it can discourage new players from entering the budget airline industry
IV. Frequency of flights used to stimulate and encourage demand
a I only
b I, II & III only
c I, II & IV only
d I, II, III & IV
Suggested Answer
All of the above options are valid as they will directly or indirectly impact on how AirAsia prices its services.
3. With the growing inflation of 10%, the price of public transportation has increased by 20% but demand has fallen by 30% especially for the use of cabs, as it is most expansive. What type of demand curve does this community have?
a A positively sloped and inelastic demand curve
b An positively sloped and elastic demand curve
c A negatively sloped and inelastic demand curve
d A negatively sloped and elastic demand curve
Suggested Answer
A negatively sloped and elastic demand curve. This is because when prices increase by 10% for a normal good (transportation), the demand has fallen by more than 30% for the taxi business as shown in the diagram below.
4 Which of the following are factors that will affect the pricing situation for RP to launch its new post graduate courses?
a Legal and ethical constraints like minimum pricing
b Consumer price sensitivity
c Cost of managing the courses
d All of the options
Suggested Answer
All of the options.
5 McDonalds’ advertising message “what you want is what you get” emphasizes on the concept of ______________.
a Low price
b Fair value
c Price sensitivity of its target market
d Marginal costing
Suggested Answer
Answer (b). The message emphasizes on Fair Value / Value for Money – its ability to cater to the needs of its target segments
6 Which of the following have been priced with non-price factors?
I. Stereo Equipment (eg Philips Hi-Fi)
II. Pain Relievers (eg Panadol)
III. Carbonated drink (eg Coke)
a I only
b I, II & III only
c I & II only
d I, II & III
Suggested Answer
All of the above options are non priced factors. Rationale is that buyers are willing to pay a premium price for these products due to their established brands and product performance and/or perceived value (ie coke represents a type of modern lifestyle).
7 Price reductions are not always beneficial to organisations like Apple’s iPod.
a True
b False
Suggested Answer
True. The risks for initiating a price cut is as follows:
a) Low Quality Trap (luxury brands) - The consumers will assume that quality is below that of higher price competitors like Samsung MP3.
b) Fragile market Share Trap – a low price buys market share, not market loyalty [ie NTUC vs Sheng Siong Supermarket]
c) Shallow Pockets Trap – higher price competitors may cut their prices and may have longer staying power as they have deeper cash reserves.
Optional explanation: Some firms (ie Eastman Kodak, Japan) stepped up its drive to win market share y selling at almost 50% below normal prices, but this involves high risks as indicated above.
8 Which of the following has a discriminatory price market?
I. Singtel Mobile
II. Singapore Power
III. Medical Care at Singapore General Hospital
a I only
b II & III only
c I & II only
d I, II & III
Suggested Answer
All the above have discriminatory pricing
a) Singtel Mobile (students, professionals)
b) Singapore Power – residential vs industrial
c) Medical care (Singapore residents vs foreigners charged different)
a True
b False
Suggested Answer
True as this is government’s effort at fixing a price for a service.
Note: Singapore has no minimum wage – as it allows market forces to take precedence. The rationale is that with a minimum wage legislation, a country becomes less attractive to foreign investors as it drives up their costs unnecessarily.
2. Which of the following are pricing objectives that AirAsia had to consider before launching their maiden flights?
I. Use of low price to gain sales and market share
II. Position the services as without frills, value for money
III. How it can discourage new players from entering the budget airline industry
IV. Frequency of flights used to stimulate and encourage demand
a I only
b I, II & III only
c I, II & IV only
d I, II, III & IV
Suggested Answer
All of the above options are valid as they will directly or indirectly impact on how AirAsia prices its services.
3. With the growing inflation of 10%, the price of public transportation has increased by 20% but demand has fallen by 30% especially for the use of cabs, as it is most expansive. What type of demand curve does this community have?
a A positively sloped and inelastic demand curve
b An positively sloped and elastic demand curve
c A negatively sloped and inelastic demand curve
d A negatively sloped and elastic demand curve
Suggested Answer
A negatively sloped and elastic demand curve. This is because when prices increase by 10% for a normal good (transportation), the demand has fallen by more than 30% for the taxi business as shown in the diagram below.
4 Which of the following are factors that will affect the pricing situation for RP to launch its new post graduate courses?
a Legal and ethical constraints like minimum pricing
b Consumer price sensitivity
c Cost of managing the courses
d All of the options
Suggested Answer
All of the options.
5 McDonalds’ advertising message “what you want is what you get” emphasizes on the concept of ______________.
a Low price
b Fair value
c Price sensitivity of its target market
d Marginal costing
Suggested Answer
Answer (b). The message emphasizes on Fair Value / Value for Money – its ability to cater to the needs of its target segments
6 Which of the following have been priced with non-price factors?
I. Stereo Equipment (eg Philips Hi-Fi)
II. Pain Relievers (eg Panadol)
III. Carbonated drink (eg Coke)
a I only
b I, II & III only
c I & II only
d I, II & III
Suggested Answer
All of the above options are non priced factors. Rationale is that buyers are willing to pay a premium price for these products due to their established brands and product performance and/or perceived value (ie coke represents a type of modern lifestyle).
7 Price reductions are not always beneficial to organisations like Apple’s iPod.
a True
b False
Suggested Answer
True. The risks for initiating a price cut is as follows:
a) Low Quality Trap (luxury brands) - The consumers will assume that quality is below that of higher price competitors like Samsung MP3.
b) Fragile market Share Trap – a low price buys market share, not market loyalty [ie NTUC vs Sheng Siong Supermarket]
c) Shallow Pockets Trap – higher price competitors may cut their prices and may have longer staying power as they have deeper cash reserves.
Optional explanation: Some firms (ie Eastman Kodak, Japan) stepped up its drive to win market share y selling at almost 50% below normal prices, but this involves high risks as indicated above.
8 Which of the following has a discriminatory price market?
I. Singtel Mobile
II. Singapore Power
III. Medical Care at Singapore General Hospital
a I only
b II & III only
c I & II only
d I, II & III
Suggested Answer
All the above have discriminatory pricing
a) Singtel Mobile (students, professionals)
b) Singapore Power – residential vs industrial
c) Medical care (Singapore residents vs foreigners charged different)
Friday, October 24, 2008
Lesson 6 Quiz
1. What are the four stages of the product life cycle?
a. Decline, Introduction, Growth and Maturity
b. Induction, Growth, Maturity and Decline
c. Maturity, Invigoration, Introduction and Growth
d. Growth, Saturation, Maturity and Decline
2. Nintendo Wii is currently experiencing rising profits in the gaming industry. At what stage of the PLC would you consider it to be?
a. Growth
b. Decline
c. Introduction
d. Maturity
Suggested Solution:
Answer to the above question is option a. Rising profits are associated with products in the growth stage of the PLC. Introduction stage is associated with negative profits. Maturity stage is associated with profits at a decreasing rate while decline stage would be declining profits.
3. Which is a limitation of PLC?
a. Simplistic model used as an approximation for consumers’ changing tastes
b. Provide valuable lead time for product strategies
c. Systematic approach to product planning
d. Identify opportunities and threats to similar product lines
Suggested Solution:
Answer to the above question is option a. The PLC is just a generic model that is used as a basic tool for comparing products and their development over time. PLC curve differ from product to product. It is difficult to project what a product life cycle will be.
4. Yakult is a healthy drink that has been promoted extensively to the young. How would you extend the PLC of Yakult to adults?
- Tap adult customers with a Yakult-Lite (Fat-free) product
- Increase health talks at primary schools
- Advertise in the Young Scientist magazine
- Sponsor TV programs on Kids Central channel
Suggested Solution:
Answer to the above question is option a. An extension of Yakult that is appealing to adults will help extend the Yakult PLC. Options a, b and c do not appeal to the correct target audience.
5. Which of the following is NOT a benefit gained from patenting?
- Critical factor to ensure market leadership
- Sale of patents for business funds
- Prevention of unauthorized exploitation
- Licence of patents for commercial purposes
Suggested Solution:
Answer to the above question is option a. Patents, although advantageous, do not guarantee market leadership position as other factors like marketing and quality are equally important.
6. Patent applications in Singapore must satisfy the three conditions EXCEPT ______.
a. Invention originating from Singapore
b. New product
c. Industrial application
d. Inventive step
Suggested Solution:
Answer for the above question is option a. Inventions need not be originating from Singapore to apply to be patented here.
7. Which of the following subject matter is not protected by copyright?
- Game Ideas
- Song lyrics
- Paintings
- Journals
Suggested Solution:
Answer for the above question is option a. It is an only IDEA. IPOS has stated subject matter that has not been documented is not protected by copyright. Option b, c and d are expressed in a tangible form such as recording or writing.
Sunday, October 19, 2008
Valuable rubbish - dig in
How oxymoron can it get.
Dig in and you will find values in this scrambled seemingly garbage.
The amazing power of human brain.
'if' by rrdayud kipilng
If you can keep yuor haed wehn all aobut you
Are lnsiog thiers and bianmlg it on you,
If you can turst yusrleof wehn all men dbout you,
But mkae alanowlce for tehir duontbig too;
If you can wiat and not be tierd by wntiaig,
Or bineg leid auobt, don't dael in leis,
Or benig htead, don't gvie way to hiatng,
And yet don't look too good, nor tlak too wsie:
If you can darem - and not mkae dmaers yuor msater,
If you can tihnk - and not mkae ttghhous yuor aim;
If you can meet wtih Tpumirh and Dtseasir
And traet thsoe two iortmspos jsut the smae;
If you can baer to haer the trtuh you've spoekn
Tesiwtd by kevnas to mkae a tarp for floos,
Or wtcah the tinhgs you gvae yuor lfie to, breokn,
And sotop and bluid 'em up wtih wron-out tolos:
If you can mkae one haep of all yuor wininngs
And rsik it all on one trun of ptich-and-tsos,
And lsoe, and sratt aiagn at yuor bniiggnens
And nveer baerth a wrod aoubt yuor lsos;
If you can froce yuor hraet and nrvee and sniew
To svree yuor trun lnog afetr tehy are gnoe,
And so hlod on wehn trehe is nhontig in you
Epxcet the Wlil whcih syas to tehm: "Hlod on!"
If you can tlak wtih crdwos and keep yuor vturie,
Or wlak wtih kngis - nor lsoe the cmmoon tcuoh,
If nheeitr feos nor liovng fdriens can hrut you,
If all men cunot wtih you, but nnoe too mcuh;
If you can flil the uigrnonvfig mnuite
Wtih stxiy snceods' wotrh of dinstace run,
Yuros is the Etrah and envyeirthg taht's in it,
And - whcih is mroe - you'll be a Man, my son!
Rrdayud Kipilng (uerblcamsnd vrieosn of Ryrduad Kiinlpg's iynatpasiionrl 'If' peom hree)
=======
For education purpose.
Acknowledgements to: Dr Rosaleen McCarthy, Sam Coates and the Times Newspaper, Graham Rawlinson, Nature magazine, Darren Brown (for prompting me to revisit this), Rudyard Kipling, and the Lerfjhax online jumbled words website, which was used to create the jumbled words which appear in this article.
======
If you like it, read the famous "IF" by Rudyard Kipling.
Dig in and you will find values in this scrambled seemingly garbage.
The amazing power of human brain.
'if' by rrdayud kipilng
If you can keep yuor haed wehn all aobut you
Are lnsiog thiers and bianmlg it on you,
If you can turst yusrleof wehn all men dbout you,
But mkae alanowlce for tehir duontbig too;
If you can wiat and not be tierd by wntiaig,
Or bineg leid auobt, don't dael in leis,
Or benig htead, don't gvie way to hiatng,
And yet don't look too good, nor tlak too wsie:
If you can darem - and not mkae dmaers yuor msater,
If you can tihnk - and not mkae ttghhous yuor aim;
If you can meet wtih Tpumirh and Dtseasir
And traet thsoe two iortmspos jsut the smae;
If you can baer to haer the trtuh you've spoekn
Tesiwtd by kevnas to mkae a tarp for floos,
Or wtcah the tinhgs you gvae yuor lfie to, breokn,
And sotop and bluid 'em up wtih wron-out tolos:
If you can mkae one haep of all yuor wininngs
And rsik it all on one trun of ptich-and-tsos,
And lsoe, and sratt aiagn at yuor bniiggnens
And nveer baerth a wrod aoubt yuor lsos;
If you can froce yuor hraet and nrvee and sniew
To svree yuor trun lnog afetr tehy are gnoe,
And so hlod on wehn trehe is nhontig in you
Epxcet the Wlil whcih syas to tehm: "Hlod on!"
If you can tlak wtih crdwos and keep yuor vturie,
Or wlak wtih kngis - nor lsoe the cmmoon tcuoh,
If nheeitr feos nor liovng fdriens can hrut you,
If all men cunot wtih you, but nnoe too mcuh;
If you can flil the uigrnonvfig mnuite
Wtih stxiy snceods' wotrh of dinstace run,
Yuros is the Etrah and envyeirthg taht's in it,
And - whcih is mroe - you'll be a Man, my son!
Rrdayud Kipilng (uerblcamsnd vrieosn of Ryrduad Kiinlpg's iynatpasiionrl 'If' peom hree)
=======
For education purpose.
Acknowledgements to: Dr Rosaleen McCarthy, Sam Coates and the Times Newspaper, Graham Rawlinson, Nature magazine, Darren Brown (for prompting me to revisit this), Rudyard Kipling, and the Lerfjhax online jumbled words website, which was used to create the jumbled words which appear in this article.
======
If you like it, read the famous "IF" by Rudyard Kipling.
Friday, October 10, 2008
How to do well - from the horses mouth
Hi Class,
I have asked one of my ex student to share how she did well in RP overall. She took time off to share, despite juggling many tasks.
She is rather modest and does not want her name revealed. I also wanted her to present in class. I thought it is better you hear from a live person and know none of this came from me. Unfortunately, she declined out of humility. Recently, she won a prestigious scholarship. Unfortunately, I did not have play a big part in her achievement. It is her TENACITY, that she did well.
Hey GIRLS - rejoice!!!!(because the said student is a FEMALE), but GUYs, you can do it too, doing well is not the perogative of any particular sex - male, female or in between.
I have lightly edited it and included my comments in big cap (hiyah, nobody show me how to have other color fonts lah).
Here goes .....
========
Daily grades:
- Pay attention in class when the facilitator and peers are presenting. (sometimes it can be boring and a drag, but try your best to be attentive)
- Minimize MSNing and gaming (AH, YOU MEAN, IT IS OK ???)
- Ensure you do a fair share for the team’s ppt
- What’s important is not just that YOU understand the problem, but ensuring your team mates does too. (YES, WHAT IS A BETTER WAY TO LEARN THAN TO TEACH)
- Be helpful to those who don’t understand
- Do not skip school, it will be difficult to catch up and will haunt you for the rest of the semester
- Do not be late, this will affect your overall GAP and your daily grade as you will be a bit late to contribute to the team
- Contribute to class discussions, this is a big part of your daily grade.
- Don’t be shy to speak up
RJ:
- Can actually be quite tricky as some facilitators prefer shorter RJ’s while others expect a sincere one. (LIKE PERFORMANCE CITERIA, ASK!)
- Use proper English, write on Microsoft word 1st to ensure proper spellings and grammar. (HMMM, THERE IS ROOM AND LEEWAY HERE)
Evaluation
- be honest and modest
Quiz
- Even though it is not a part of the grade, it is better you do it with much effort as possible, it will give you the confidence that you have grasped the day’s content.
-
UT:
- Do not miss UT’s!! (YES, IT IS OK TO MISS TRAIN STOP LIKE YEW TEE, BUT NOT UT.)
- For cognitive and communication: if three options are given and we are asked to choose one answer and the reason, do not simply write the reason for why you chose that answer. Go one step further and write why you didn’t choose the other 2 answers as well
- Manage your time by doing the easy questions 1st
- Don’t dwell for too long in one question
Lastly, have goals (ex: getting a perfect GPA or something, it will definitely keep you going on those draggy days)
Thursday, October 9, 2008
Tenacious
Talk about TENACIOUS, this guy is amazing.
He started walking since 2000 and will end his round the world walk for peace in 2012.
(Copied from his site.)
On August 18th, 2000, at 9:00 am, Jean Béliveau left Montreal, Canada. His goal is to walk around the planet to promote "Peace and non-violence to the profit of the children of the world". He is travelling alone with a three wheeled stroller to carry a bit of food, his clothing, a First Aid kit, a small tent and a sleeping bag. Jean plans to walk across all the continents, from North America to South America, then across to South Africa, up to Europe, then the Middle East, South and Eastern Asia, Australia, New Zealand and finally back to Canada.
He started walking since 2000 and will end his round the world walk for peace in 2012.
(Copied from his site.)
On August 18th, 2000, at 9:00 am, Jean Béliveau left Montreal, Canada. His goal is to walk around the planet to promote "Peace and non-violence to the profit of the children of the world". He is travelling alone with a three wheeled stroller to carry a bit of food, his clothing, a First Aid kit, a small tent and a sleeping bag. Jean plans to walk across all the continents, from North America to South America, then across to South Africa, up to Europe, then the Middle East, South and Eastern Asia, Australia, New Zealand and finally back to Canada.
This journey will take 12 years to complete which is in accordance with the United Nations proclamation: 2001-2010 - International Decade for a Culture of Peace and Non-violence for the Children of the World
Credit : check the beautiful scenery :
http://wwwalk.org/ASSETS/PHOTOS/PHOTO08B/P080404.jpg
http://wwwalk.org/ASSETS/PHOTOS/PHOTO08B/P080402.jpg
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