Auch wir können Weihnachtsengel sein

 „Ich verkündige euch eine große Freude, die allem Volke zuteil werden soll“ (Lk 2, 10)

So schaut auf die Hirten. Sie sind schlicht, erstaunlich schlicht, einfacher als wir alle. Ohne Bildung, ohne Einfluss, ohne Beziehungen zur großen Welt, warten sie ihrer Herden. Und sie sind Weihnachtsengel geworden. Gott lobpreisend kehren sie zu ihren Herden zurück. Sie bleiben die alten. Es empfängt sie das Geschrei der Tiere, und sie begeben sich an ihr gewöhnliches Hirtenwerk. Und doch sind sie Weihnachtsengel geworden. Wenn irgendwo ein frommer Mensch ist, der nach Gott verlangt, dem erzählen sie die Engelsbotschaft. Und wenn sich die übrigen Israeliten erzählen von dem Messias, der bald kommen soll, dann lächeln sie, und ihr Antlitz wird verklärt, und sie sprechen mit großem Ernste: Er ist schon da!

(…) Ihr geht jetzt auch hinaus, liebe Christen, in eure Wohnungen, und bald heißt es wieder rüstig arbeiten. Ihr bleibt die alten. Und doch sollt ihr als Weihnachtsengel zum Gotteshaus hinaustreten. Denkt an die Nacht des Unglaubens, die sich draußen über dem Erdball ausbreitet. Betet für die armen Heiden. Opfert euer Scherflein. Weckt den Missionsgedanken in den Herzen der Mitmenschen. Sprechet von der großen Engelsbotschaft und begeistert die anderen für diese Botschaft. Dann strahlt es aus euren Augen, wie es den Weihnachtsengeln aus den Augen gestrahlt hat. Die Herrlichkeit Gottes umleuchtet euch; denn es ist ein Engelswerk, das ihr vollbringt. Engelslohn wird euch zuteil werden durch die Gnade des süßen Kindleins von Bethlehem.

P. Bernhard Langer O.M.I.

When Don Bosco named a Trappist monastery in China

 

Our Lady of Consolation monastery, Yangjiaping (early 1900s)

In 1880, the bishops of northern China met in a synod in which they expressed the desire to establish in China a Trappist monastery or that of another austere order, “so that authentic monastic life may be known in this region and at the same time the salvation of all may be advanced through the prayers and example of the religious”. Two years later, the Congregation of the Propaganda encouraged Bishop Delaplace, Vicar Apostolic of Peking, in his desire to invite the Trappists to his mission. These were the first steps in the foundation of the Trappist monastery of Yangjiaping, known under the title of Our Lady of Consolation.

How did the monastery receive its name? Dom Éphrem, prior of Tamié in Savoy and one of the founding monks of Yangjiaping, was friends with Saint John Bosco. Shortly before leaving for China in 1883, he met Don Bosco in Turin and asked him about a name for the Trappist’s first monastery in the Celestial Empire. The saint replied “Our Lady of Consolation” and wrote a message on a holy card of the image of the Consolata of Turin that read: “May God bless you, your work, and may the Holy Virgin always protect you!”

The picture with the saint’s encouragement was preserved until the Communists burned down the monastery, destroying the image. Thirty-three monks of the abbey died as martyrs in the Communist persecution.

(Source: Matteo Nicolini-Zani: Christian Monks on Chinese Soil)

Upcoming missionary trips of the Omnes Gentes Project

 I recently spoke to Fr. Federico Highton about the upcoming missionary trips of the Order of Saint Elias / Omnes Gentes Project. They are planning to translate the works of Fr. Ippolito Desideri, S.J., one of the first missionaries to Tibet. But they do not stop at the theoretical level: they have an introductory course of the Tibetan language offered by a former Buddhist monk to prepare volunteers for a trip to Tibet next year. And that's not all. Please especially keep the "Fatwa mission" in an undisclosed country in your prayers.

If you or anyone you know would like to participate in a missionary trip to Tibet or elsewhere in Asia, Africa, and the Americas, you can check out the schedule and apply here: Mission Special Force

Great articles on the missions at Unam Sanctam Catholicam

My friend Boniface over at Unam Sanctam Catholicam has a number of excellent articles on the missions on his Blog and website, all of them shedding light on lesser known episodes of missionary history. Here are some of my favorites:

Thanks for the homily, Father — about a rare homily on the missions by a missionary priest

The Manila Synod of 1582 — about the issues that an early synod in a missionary territory had to deal with

Archbishop Poblete’s Missionary Journey to Cavite — about the attempts of the Archbishop of Manila to end local slavery

The 1775 Burning of San Diego de Alcalá — about wayward converts attacking a mission founded by St. Junipero

Segregated Catholic Schools in New Orleans — about Black Catholic schools

The Martyrdom of Salvatore Lilli — about the martyrdom of Blessed Salvatore Lilli, O.F.M. at the hand of the Turks

Sung Catechism in the Jesuit missions  — about the catechetical use of song among the Indians

There's Always a Priest Shortage in Missionary Areas — on viri probati not being a solution to an age-old problem in the missions

In honor of Old Cow-Thomas

Naligen or Thomas, as he would be called after his baptism, was an Aborigine of the Nyulnyul people in Northwestern Australia. It seems he was born sometime in the 1860s near Beagle Bay. As a young man, Naligen was blackbirded on a guano ship off the Australian coast, getting to know white people in the worst possible way as he and his fellow natives were basically treated as slaves by the European crew.

Upon returning home after some months, he heard of other Europeans who settled in Beagle Bay. At first, he wanted to avoid them at any cost, but a friend told him they were laib wamba, good men who let the blacks live in freedom, treated them well and instructed them. They were the French Trappists of Beagle Bay. At first he did not have any desire for the white man's religion, but the example of the monks won him over, especially as he was told that God loved the Aborigines just as much as the Europeans. After his baptism, Thomas received the sacraments faithfully, despite still spending much time away from the mission hunting in the bush or scavenging the beaches. The Trappists had to leave in 1901 as their lifestyle wasn't compatible with the mission, but the employment Thomas had found on the mission as a handyman continued under the Pallottine Fathers from Germany. He took care of their cattle, for which he was affectionately nicknamed "Old Cow-Thomas".

Thomas died a victim of the Spanish Flu that arrived in remote Beagle Bay in December of 1919, making him one of many Aborigines who fell victim to the disease. Thomas welcomed death serenely, fortified by the holy sacraments, as he went to his Creator who loves the Aborigines just as much as the whites.

Did Canadian missionaries exterminate Indian languages?

In the wake of the Kamloops Residential school scandal of 2021 surrounding supposed mass graves on the premises of the Catholic school for Indian children in British Columbia, I wrote two Facebook posts on the topic of the alleged “cultural genocide”. I would like to offer them here as a commentary of a contemporary event whose sensationalist media coverage and Justin Trudeau's imprudent public comments led to multiple arson attacks on churches across Canada. To this day, no conclusive evidence of any mass graves in Kamloops has been presented.

Introduction to the Wawa shorthand developed by Fr. Lejeune, O.M.I.

Post from 4 July 2021:

“Here goes my take on Indian residential schools in Western Canada run by the Catholic Church, or rather one aspect, which is nonetheless important.

The media often repeat how residential schools run by the Canadian government and staffed by various Christian denominations prohibited the use of Native languages by students. It is hard to come up with any legislation or rules of individual institutes; rather all texts only seem to agree that “Indigenous languages were suppressed, sometimes violently”. If anything, such an approach by Catholic missionaries, especially the Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate (O.M.I.) was probably rather ill-advised pedagogics rather than a deliberate “cultural genocide”. Fr. Jean Lejeune, O.M.I., who was based in Kamloops, the center of the recent controversy, was one of the most important linguists of Western Canada. From 1894 to 1923, he published the multilingual newspaper “Kamloops Wawa” (Talk of Kamloops), which in addition to English and French, was written in Chinook Jargon using a French shorthand system and occasionally in Nlaka'pamuxtsin, Secwepmectsin and St'at'imcets. It contained religious texts such as liturgical translations as well as community news. Msgr. Émile Grouard, O.M.I. was another talented linguist who published several books in Cree, Chipewyan and the Beaver language, all of which he spoke. He also composed hymns in Inuktitut.

Venerable Vital Grandin, O.M.I. is now considered the disgraced architect of the Catholic residential school system and quoted as writing to Public Works Minister Henri Langevin: “To become civilized they should be taken with the consent of their parents & made to lead a life different from their parents and cause them to forget the customs, habits & language of their ancestors“. At the same time, this saintly missionary bishop admonished all young missionaries who thought they could perform their duties without knowing the Indian languages or without proper dedication to their study (see “Proclaiming the Gospel to the Indians and the Metis” by Raymond Huel). He also recommended that missionaries associate themselves with the children to learn the proper accent and intonation of their language (idem).

Bishop Vital Grandin

If indeed the use of Indian languages was absolutely banned at residential schools, it was wrong of the missionaries to do so. At the same time, it is hard to reconcile how those very missionaries who were the first Whites to systematically analyze Indian languages and put them into written form would deliberately engage in a “cultural genocide” after having dedicated themselves to such an arduous task. It becomes clear from the writings of Msgr. Grandin that he desired his students to find their place in the general Canadian society as tradespeople and housewives rather than following the nomadic lifestyle of their parents and ancestors, a lifestyle which in the long run would have left them at a great disadvantage in the face of a growing European population.” Post from 12 July 2021:

“I would like to revisit the topic of Canadian residential schools, looking more at the question of languages being suppressed as part of a purported "cultural genocide" as the media and Native rights advocacy groups call it.

It is evident that learning English was one of the benchmarks of a successful education for Indian children in residential schools, so the use of Native languages was either discouraged or forbidden. At the same time, one has to consider that many of these languages had a very low number of speakers in geographically isolated areas, often most likely not reaching more than 10,000 speakers in total, so being monolingual in such a language would put anyone in a rapidly changing society that used English as its vehicular language at a serious disadvantage.

The Oblates themselves realized that there were abuses in regard to the severity with which this language policy was enforced, as Volume 1 of the Truth and Reconciliation Report points out when referring to how the missionaries at the end of the 19th century were often fluent in native languages, an ability that decreased in the following decades, also due to the fact that the Indian children were now required to speak English in the schools:

“The degree to which the government policy came to override the missionary practice is perhaps best expressed in the report of Oblate Superior General Théodore Labouré. After an extensive inspection of Oblate missions and schools in 1935, Labouré expressed concern over the number of Oblates who could not speak Aboriginal languages, and the strictness with which prohibitions against speaking Aboriginal languages were enforced. He wrote:

“The ban on children speaking Indian, even during recreation, was so strict in some of our schools that any failure would be severely punished—to the point that children were led to consider the speaking of their native tongue to be a serious offense, and when they returned home they were ashamed to speak it with their parents.”

In what may have been a response to Labouré’s criticism, in 1939, the Oblate Fathers’ Committee on Indian Missions adopted a resolution that First Nations people be taught “to read in their own language and in syllabic characters or Roman characters,” and that nuns and religious teachers “learn to read and understand the languages of those who are in their charge.””

The same report also points out how Msgr. Ovide Charlebois, O.M.I. intended to open a French-only school in northern Saskatchewan, but met with the resistance from Indian Affairs as they would have liked to impose English on the Natives, although many of them spoke French and threatened to withdraw their children from the school if English was imposed. One chief observed that English was of no use to them as they would communicate in French with the people of their region.

We see that the case is far from being clear-cut. We have the missionary tradition of learning native languages, we see that the Oblates recognized that English was enforced too severely, and then there were Indians who wished their children to be taught French instead of English.”

Unsere neuen Heiligen aus den Missionen

 

Am 19. Oktober kanonisierte Papst Leo XIV. sieben Heilige, darunter auch zwei Heilige aus den Missionen.

Mit dem heiligen Peter To Rot erhält Papua-Neuguinea seinen ersten Heiligen, einen Sohn des Landes, der in der Kirchenverfolgung des Zweiten Weltkriegs als Märtyrer für Christus und das heilige Sakrament der Ehe gestorben ist.

Peter wurde 1912 in Rakunai auf Neupommern in Deutsch-Neuguinea geboren. Seine Eltern gehörten zu den ersten Christen der Gegend und erzogen ihre Kinder vorbildlich im Glauben. Als sein Vater Angelo, selbst Katechist, vom Herz-Jesu-Missionar P. Carl Laufer gefragt wurde, ob er seinen Sohn zum Priestertum studieren lassen wolle, gab der Vater an, dass die Zeit für einheimische Priester noch nicht gekommen sei, Peter aber ebenfalls Katechist werden könne. Diesen überaus wertvollen missionarischen Dienst übte Peter To Rot bis zum heroischen Grad aus.

Als die Japaner das Gebiet 1942 besetzten, gingen sie bald gegen die europäischen Missionare vor und inhaftierten diese. Auch vor Deutschen – den Staatsangehörigen einer verbündeten Achsenmacht – machten sie nicht halt. Zunächst blieb aber die „priesterlose“ religiöse Betätigung der Katholiken uneingeschränkt. Ab 1944 setzte eine totale Kirchenverfolgung ein, in deren Rahmen selbst die Hütten der einheimischen Katholiken nach Devotionalien und religiösen Schriften durchsucht wurden. Peter To Rot wurde mit anderen Katechisten auf eine Polizeistation gebracht und aufgefordert, ihren Katechistendienst einzustellen. Er blieb fest und sagte den Gläubigen: „Sie haben unsere Priester weggenommen, aber sie können uns nicht verbieten, als Katholiken zu leben und zu sterben. Ich bin euer Katechist und werde meine Pflicht tun, auch wenn es mich mein Leben kostet.“

Durch sein entschiedenes Eintreten gegen die von den Japanern geförderte Polygamie, die zunehmend unter den einheimischen Kollaborateuren wie Häuptlingen, Richtern und Polizisten um sich griff, bahnte sich schließlich sein Martyrium an. Der Polizist To Metapa ließ Peter internieren, nachdem dieser die ehebrecherischen Pläne des Kollaborateurs durchkreuzt hatte. Nach sechs Wochen Lagerhaft wurde Peter To Rot am 7. Juli 1945, gut einen Monat vor Kriegsende, auf einer Polizeistation eine Injektion verabreicht. Nachdem wohl die tödliche Wirkung nicht schnell genug einsetzte, erdrosselte man ihn.

Er ist der Patron der Katechisten und Ehepaare. Sein Fest wird am 7. Juli begangen.

Auch die heilige Maria Troncatti F.M.A. stammte aus einem frommen Elternhaus. Ihre Heimat waren die Berge der Provinz Brescia, wo sie am 16.02.1883 geboren wurde. Schon als Mädchen wollte sie bei den Maria-Hilf-Schwestern Don Boscos eintreten, doch ihr Vater und der Ortspfarrer verpflichteten sie, bis zur Volljährigkeit zu warten. Ihre Ordensprofess legte sie schließlich 1908 ab. 

Während des Ersten Weltkriegs wirkte sie als Krankenschwester in Varazze (Ligurien). Als dort im Juni 1915 der Teiro über die Ufer trat, machte Schwester Maria in höchster Todesgefahr der Muttergottes das Versprechen, als Missionarin nach Ecuador zu gehen. Im Jahr 1922 zog Maria mit dem Missionsbischof Domenico Comin S.D.B. ins Amazonasgebiet, wo sie fast ein halbes Jahrhundert sich für das Volk der Shuar als Wunderärztin, Orthopädin, Chirurgin und Apothekerin aufopferte – vor allem aber als große Beterin, Katechistin und Friedensstifterin. Mit ihrer zärtlich mütterlichen Art verstand sie es, Herzen zu erobern. Durch diese Eigenschaft wurde Schwester Maria bekannt als die Madrecita, die liebe kleine Mutter. 

Stark ausgeprägt war ihr missionarischer Geist. So waren ihre Gedanken „immer bei den Missionen“ und sie schrieb einmal: „Jeden Tag bin ich glücklicher über meine missionarische Ordensberufung“.

 Die „Ärztin des Dschungels“ starb am 25. August 1969 bei einem Flugzeugabsturz bei Sucúa. Über die Radiostation der Shuar-Föderation erklang die traurige Botschaft: „Unsere Mutter, Schwester Maria Troncatti, ist gestorben.“

Vom Himmel aus zeigt sie sich weiter als Mutter ihres Volkes: Das Wunder zu ihrer Heiligsprechung ereignete sich an einem Shuar, dem Landwirt Juwá Juank Bosco Kankua, der von einer schweren Hirnverletzung geheilt wurde.