- Pythagoras^* (circa 569–475 BCE)
- Democritus° (circa 460 BCE)
- Archimedesº* (287–212 BCE)
15–16th century
- Nicolaus Copernicusº (1473-1543)
16–17th century
- Galileo Galileiº* (1564–1642)
- Johannes Keplerº (1571-1630)
- René Descartes‡^ (1596–1650)
17–18th century
- Blaise Pascal^ (1623 - 1662)
- Isaac Newton^*º (1642-1727)
- Gottfried Leibniz^ (1646–1716)
18–19th century
- Leonhard Euler^ (1707–1783)
- Joseph Lagrange^º (1736-1813)
- Joseph Fourier^ (1768–1830)
- Thomas Young‡* (1773–1829)
19th century
- William Hamilton^º (1805-1865)
- Hermann von Helmholtz‡† (1821–1894)
- James Clerk Maxwell (1831–1879)
- Ernst Mach (1838–1916)
- J. Willard Gibbs†^ (1839–1903)
- Ludwig Boltzmann (1844–1906)
- Heinrich Hertz* (1857-1894)
19–20th century
- Hendrik Lorentz (1853–1928)
- Henri Poincaré^ (1854–1912)
- Max Planck (1858-1947)
- Pieter Zeeman (1865-1943)
- Marie Curie (1867-1934)
- Arnold Sommerfeld (1868-1951)
- Ernest Rutherford (1871-1937)
- James Jeans° (1877–1946)
- Albert Einstein (1879-1955)
- Paul (1880–1933) & Tatyana (1876–1964) Ehrenfest
- Richard Tolman° (1881-1948)
- Arthur Eddington° (1882-1944)
- Emmy Noether^ (1882–1935)
20th century
- Albert Einsteinº (1879-1955)
- Max Born (1882-1970)
- Niels Bohr (1885-1962)
- Erwin Schrödinger (1887-1961)
- Louis de Broglie (1892–1987)
- Satyendra Bose (1894–1974)
- Leo Szilard (1898–1964)
- Wolfgang Pauli (1900-1958)
- Enrico Fermi* (1901-1954)
- Werner Heisenberg (1901-1976)
- Paul Dirac (1902-1984)
- Robert Oppenheimer* (1904–1967)
- George Gamow‡° (1904–1968)
- Ettore Majorana (1906-1938)
- Hans Bethe° (1906–2005)
- Lev Landau (1908–1968)
- John Bardeen (1908-1991)
- José Enrique Moyal (1910-1998)
- Robert Dicke (1916-1997)
- David Bohm (1917-1992)
- Richard Feynman (1918-1988)
- Abdus Salam (1926-1996)
- Dennis Sciama (1926-1999)
- Revaz Dogonadze (1931-1985)
20–21st century
- John Wheeler (1911-2008)
- Peter Westervelt (1919-)
- Yoichiro Nambu (1921–)
- Chen Ning Yang (1922–)
- Martin Gutzwiller (1925-)
- Peter Higgs (1929-)
- Roger Penrose^ (1931-)
- Sheldon Glashow (1932-)
- Steven Weinberg (1933-)
- Peter Freund (1936-)
- Martinus Veltman (1937-)
- Kip Thorneº (1940-)
- Leonard Susskind (1940-)
- Francisco Jose Yndurain Muñoz (1940-2008)
- David Gross (1941-)
- Mustafa Halilsoy (1949-)
- Stephen Hawkingº (1942-)
- Fulvio Melia (1956 - )
- Sylvester James Gates
- V. Balakrishnan (1943-)
- Gerardus 't Hooft (1946-)
- A. P. Balachandran
- Michio Kaku (1947–)
- Stanley Mandelstam
- Charles Thorn
- Edward Witten^ (1951-)
- David Deutsch (1953-)
- Joseph Polchinski (1954-)
- Ashoke Sen (1956-)
- Cumrun Vafa (1960-)
- Michael R. Douglas (1961-)
- Brian Greene (1963-)
- João Magueijo (1967-)
- Juan Maldacena (1968-)
- Leon Cooper (1930-)
- Leo Kadanoff
- Tom Kibble
- Harold Puthoff
- Sankar Das Sarma
- Alexei Smirnov
- Stanislav Mikheyev
- Murray Gell-Mann (1929-)
- José W. F. Valle (1953-)
- Lisa Randall (1962-)
- Pierre Ramond (1943-)
- Kyriakos Tamvakis
