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  1. Hawala - Wikipedia

    • Hawala or hewala (Arabic: حِوالة ḥawāla, meaning transfer or sometimes trust), originating in India as havala (Hindi: हवाला), also known as havaleh in Persian, and xawala or xawilaad in Somali, is a popular and informal value transfer system based on the performance and honour of a huge network of money brokers (known as hawaladars). They operate ou… See more

    Origins

    The hawala system originated in India. In 2003 Hawala as a legal concept was documented, finding … See more

    Regulation

    Following the September 11 attacks in 2001, international organizations responsible for counterterrorism and enforcing laws against money laundering have directed their efforts on identifying problems within the hawala, as well as … See more

    Procedure

    In the most basic variant of the hawala system, money is transferred via a network of hawala brokers, or hawaladars, without actually moving money. According to the author Sam Vaknin, there are large hawaladar … See more

    Regional variants

    Dubai has been prominent for decades as a welcoming hub for hawala transactions worldwide.
    The hundi is a financial instrument that developed on the Indian sub-continent for use in trad… See more

     
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