The very first continuous distillation column was the patent still used to produce Scotch whiskey in the 1830s. It had 12 bubble-cap trays with weirs ... in theory, a packed tower has greater capacity ...

Why are distillation ... fashion (most control valves work properly only at 20 to 75 percent open). The problem may be explained as follows. Figure 5.1: Flooded condenser pressure control. The liquid ...