Chemistry: Structure and Properties (2nd Edition)
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9780134293936
Author: Nivaldo J. Tro
Publisher: PEARSON
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Textbook Question
Chapter 22, Problem 1E
When a
Expert Solution & Answer
Interpretation Introduction
To determine: When a transition metal atom forms an ion, which electrons are lost first.
Answer to Problem 1E
Solution: When a transition metal forms an ion, the electrons in the s-orbitals are lost first.
Explanation of Solution
The transition metals have the general electronic configuration [A] nsx(n-1)dx. Here [A] = nearest noble gas, n = is the row (period) number of the element. For example, for a first row transition metal, which is in the 4th period. Electronic configuration is [Ar] 4sx(3)dx. The value of x is determined from the group in which the element is present. For example, Co: [Ar] 4s23d7.
Generally when a metal forms a cation, the outer most electrons that are in the highest energy state are lost. In transition metals, present in fourth period the 4s orbital is the highest energy orbital. So when it ionizes 4s electrons are lost first.
Conclusion
Hence, when a transition metal forms an ion, the electrons in the s-orbitals are lost first.
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Chapter 22 Solutions
Chemistry: Structure and Properties (2nd Edition)
Ch. 22 - When a transition metal atom forms an ion, which...Ch. 22 - Explain why transition metals exhibit multiple...Ch. 22 - Why is the +2 oxidation state so common for...Ch. 22 - Explain why atomic radii of elements in the third...Ch. 22 - Gold is the most electronegative transition metal....Ch. 22 - Prob. 6ECh. 22 - Prob. 7ECh. 22 - Explain the differences between each pair of...Ch. 22 - Prob. 9ECh. 22 - Prob. 10E
Ch. 22 - Prob. 11ECh. 22 - Prob. 12ECh. 22 - Prob. 13ECh. 22 - Prob. 14ECh. 22 - Prob. 15ECh. 22 - Prob. 16ECh. 22 - Prob. 17ECh. 22 - Write the ground state electron configuration for...Ch. 22 - Determine the highest possible oxidation state for...Ch. 22 - Prob. 20ECh. 22 - Prob. 21ECh. 22 - Prob. 22ECh. 22 - Prob. 23ECh. 22 - Prob. 24ECh. 22 - Prob. 25ECh. 22 - Prob. 26ECh. 22 - Prob. 27ECh. 22 - Write the formula and the name of each complex ion...Ch. 22 - Prob. 29ECh. 22 - Prob. 30ECh. 22 - Prob. 31ECh. 22 - Prob. 32ECh. 22 - Prob. 33ECh. 22 - Prob. 34ECh. 22 - Prob. 35ECh. 22 - Prob. 36ECh. 22 - Prob. 37ECh. 22 - Prob. 38ECh. 22 - Prob. 39ECh. 22 - Prob. 40ECh. 22 - Prob. 41ECh. 22 - Prob. 42ECh. 22 - Prob. 43ECh. 22 - Prob. 44ECh. 22 - Prob. 45ECh. 22 - Prob. 46ECh. 22 - Prob. 47ECh. 22 - Prob. 48ECh. 22 - Prob. 49ECh. 22 - Prob. 50ECh. 22 - Prob. 51ECh. 22 - Prob. 52ECh. 22 - Prob. 53ECh. 22 - Prob. 54ECh. 22 - Prob. 55ECh. 22 - Prob. 56ECh. 22 - Prob. 57ECh. 22 - Most of the second-row transition metals do not...Ch. 22 - Prob. 59ECh. 22 - Prob. 60ECh. 22 - Prob. 61ECh. 22 - Prob. 62ECh. 22 - Prob. 63ECh. 22 - Prob. 64ECh. 22 - Hexacyanomanganate(III) ion is a low-spin complex....Ch. 22 - Prob. 66ECh. 22 - Prob. 67ECh. 22 - Prob. 68ECh. 22 - Prob. 69ECh. 22 - Prob. 70ECh. 22 - Prob. 71ECh. 22 - Prob. 72ECh. 22 - Prob. 73ECh. 22 - Calculate the solubility of Zn(OH)2(s) in 2.0 M...Ch. 22 - Prob. 75ECh. 22 - Prob. 76ECh. 22 - Prob. 77ECh. 22 - Prob. 78ECh. 22 - Prob. 79ECh. 22 - Prob. 80ECh. 22 - Have each group member choose a row of the...Ch. 22 - Prob. 82ECh. 22 - Prob. 83ECh. 22 - Prob. 84ECh. 22 - Prob. 85ECh. 22 - Many aqueous solutions of complex ions display...Ch. 22 - What is the electron configuration of the Cu+ ion?...Ch. 22 - Prob. 2SAQCh. 22 - Prob. 3SAQCh. 22 - Prob. 4SAQCh. 22 - Prob. 5SAQCh. 22 - Prob. 6SAQCh. 22 - Prob. 7SAQCh. 22 - Estimate the crystal field splitting energy (in...Ch. 22 - Use crystal field theory to determine the number...Ch. 22 - Prob. 10SAQ
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