Indicate a sequence of photophysical processes that can be followed by radiation adsorbed by a molecule in its ground state to give rise to fluorescent emission.
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Indicate a sequence of photophysical processes that can be followed by radiation adsorbed by a molecule in its ground state to give rise to fluorescent emission.
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- State three photophysical processes that can be related to the effects of incident radiation on a molecule in its ground state. Consider that radiation can give rise to fluorescent emission, but not phosphorescent emission.Vibrational Spectroscopy When an atom in a bond is replaced with a different isotope of the same element, the reduced mass of the bonded atoms change the absorption of the vibration in the infrared (vibrational) spectrum. The wavenumber of a vibration is given by v = ¹, where k = force constant of the bond, μ = 2π reduced mass. Reduced Mass: μ = 1 " where m₁ and m2 are the mass of each attached atom. Assuming the force constant of a particular pair of atoms does not change when one or the other atom is substituted with an isotope, the magnitude of the vibrational shift can be determined from a ratio of the two vibrations. V₁ V₂ 1 k₁ 2π √1 1 k₂ 2π√√1₂ 1. An O-H stretch occurs at 3650 cm¹. What is the expected vibrational wavenumber of an O-D bond? 2. An NH3 stretch occurs at 3337 cm¹. At what wavenumber does the ND3 vibration occur? 3. An IR spectrum of a complex containing an Ru-O bond is depicted to the right. When 0-16 is substituted with 0-18, the vibration at 887 cm¹ appears to…Topic: Photochemistry and Photophysics of Supramolecules
- What molecular characteristics allow a molecule to absorb Ultraviolet light (and be observed by UV spectroscopy).13C NMR spectroscopy provides valuable information about the environments of a molecule's carbon atoms. Since carbon atoms are often connected to hydrogen atoms, which could split the carbon signal through spin-spin coupling, the coupling between C and H is often "turned off" through the use of broadband decoupling, causing each C signal to appear as a singlet. Draw an isomer of C5H11Cl that would be expected to have four resonances in its 13C NMR spectra.Electronic excitation of a molecule may weaken or strengthen some bonds because bonding and antibonding characteristics differ between the HOMO and the LUMO. For example, a carbon–carbon bond in a linear polyene may have bonding character in the HOMO and antibonding character in the LUMO. Therefore, promotion of an electron from the HOMO to the LUMO weakens this carbon–carbon bond in the excited electronic state, relative to the ground electronic state. Consult Figs. 9E.2 and 9E.4 and discuss in detail any changes in bond order that accompany the π*←π ultraviolet absorptions in butadiene and benzene.
- Match each of the following atomic and/or molecular microstates with their definition Translation Rotational Vibrational Electronic Transfer between energy barriers in the scattering zone Periodic motion of atoms in a molecule relative to one another Energy stored as potential energy An incoherent thermically activated process by which electrons move All points of a body moving uniformly in the same direction Movement of all particles associated with a rigid body moving in circles around a common axisDescribe a sequence of photophysical processes that can follow the radiation adsorbed by a molecule in the ground state to give rise to a phosphorescent emission.Consider HCN, which has three features in its IR spectrum: 946, 2380, and -1 3386 cm¹. (a) Sketch the motions of each normal mode and denote any degeneracies. (b) Assign each feature in the IR spectrum to a normal mode of the molecule. (c) Determine the zero-point energy of HCN.
- 2. The ultraviolet photoelectron spectrum of N2 exhibits three distinct ionizations, depicted below (we also discussed this spectrum in Lecture 30). The corresponding ionizations are: First ionization: lines at 15.57 and 15.83 eV Second ionization: lines at 16.69, 16.92, 17.15, 17.38, 17.61 and 17.84 eV Third ionization: lines at 18.75 and 19.07 eV Counts per second 2 3 Kinetic energy/eV 5 | 6 17 87. Why is the oxygen-hydrogen absorption of CH3OH such a broad band in the infrared? a-Rotational energy levels broaden the absorption. b-Hyperconjugation resonance broadens the absorption. c-Resonance broadens the absorption. d-Hydrogen bonding broadens the absorption.Why can UV or higher energy radiation not be used for non-destructive spectroscopy of polymer structure ? Why is resolution limited by wavelength?
